<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0121-0807</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista de la Universidad Industrial de Santander. Salud]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Univ. Ind. Santander. Salud]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0121-0807</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Industrial de Santander]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0121-08072025000100037</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18273/saluduis.57.e:25v57a34</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Factores demográficos y ambientales en la variabilidad regional de la enfermedad de Chagas en Colombia]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Demographic and environmental factors in the regional variability of Chagas disease in Colombia]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hurtado-Ortiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alexandra]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moreno-Montoya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Industrial de Santander  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bucaramanga ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Piedecuesta ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>57</volume>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0121-08072025000100037&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0121-08072025000100037&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0121-08072025000100037&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción: La enfermedad de Chagas (EC) es una infección endémica relevante en América Latina, con entre 6 y 8 millones de personas infectadas. Su transmisión presenta variabilidad influenciada por factores ambientales (precipitación, temperatura, deforestación) y sociales (pobreza, ruralidad, vivienda precaria).  Objetivo: Analizar la variabilidad regional y temporal de la EC en Colombia entre 2015 y 2022, y su asociación con factores sociales, demográficos y ambientales.  Metodología: Estudio ecológico analítico con datos del SIVIGILA. Se estimaron tasas brutas y estandarizadas por sexo, municipio y año. La asociación con determinantes socioambientales se evaluó mediante modelos lineales generalizados y regresión de panel. Se aplicaron pruebas de estacionariedad y modelos ARIMA para el análisis temporal, también se llevaron a cabo modelos multinivel binomiales negativos con efectos mixtos y se evaluó la dependencia espacial mediante el índice de Moran.  Resultados: Entre 2015 y 2022 se notificaron 47.847 casos de EC en Colombia, el 56,6 % en mujeres. Las tasas estandarizadas oscilaron entre 0,29 y 0,99 por 100.000 habitantes, con tendencia descendente desde 2016. Las regiones de los Llanos y Oriente mostraron mayor incidencia que la Amazonia. La pobreza multidimensional (RTI=1,15; IC95%: 1,08-1,21) y el sexo femenino (RTI=1,40; IC95%: 1,10-1,77) se asociaron con mayor riesgo. Asimismo, durante el período de estudio persistieron conglomerados de alta incidencia en Santander, Boyacá y Arauca.  Conclusiones: La EC en Colombia presenta marcada heterogeneidad espaciotemporal; se asocia positivamente con la pobreza multidimensional y las desigualdades de género, hallazgos que respaldan intervenciones territoriales focalizadas y sostenibles.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Background: Chagas disease (CD) is a major endemic infection in Latin America, affecting an estimated 6 to 8 million people. Its transmission exhibits considerable variability influenced by environmental factors (rainfall, temperature, deforestation) and social conditions (poverty, rurality, inadequate housing).  Objective: To analyze the regional and temporal variability of CD in Colombia from 2015 to 2022 and its association with social, demographic, and environmental factors.  Methods: An analytical ecological study was conducted using data from SIVIGILA. Crude and age-standardized incidence rates were estimated by sex, municipality, and year. Associations with socio-environmental determinants were assessed using generalized linear models and panel regression. Temporal dynamics were examined with stationarity tests and ARIMA models, while multilevel negative binomial models were fitted (menbreg), and spatial dependence was evaluated using Moran's I index.  Results: Between 2015 and 2022, a total of 47,847 CD cases were reported in Colombia, 56.6% of them in women. Standardized incidence rates ranged from 0.29 to 0.99 per 100,000 inhabitants, showing a declining trend since 2016. The Llanos and Eastern regions exhibited higher incidence than the Amazon region. Multidimensional poverty (IRR = 1.15; 95% CI: 1.08-1.21) and female sex (IRR = 1.40; 95% CI: 1.10-1.77) were associated with increased risk. The regions of Santander, Boyacá, and Arauca exhibited persistent high-incidence clusters across the analyzed timeframe.  Conclusions: CD in Colombia displays marked spatiotemporal heterogeneity and is positively associated with multidimensional poverty and gender disparities, these findings underscore the need for targeted, territory-sensitive, and sustainable interventions.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Enfermedad de Chagas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Análisis Espacial]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Modelos Estadísticos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Epidemiología]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Fenómenos Ecológicos y Ambientales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Vigilancia en Salud Pública]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Chagas Disease]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Spatial Analysis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Models, Statistical]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Epidemiology]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Ecological and Environmental Phenomena]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Public Health Surveillance]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>World Health Organization</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Chagas disease in Latin America: an epidemiological update based on 2010 estimates]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Wkly Epidemiol Rec]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>90</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>33-44</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Instituto Nacional de Salud</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Protocolo para la vigilancia en salud pública de Chagas]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[INS]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Olivera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fory]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Porras]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Buitrago]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Prevalence of Chagas disease in Colombia: a systematic review and meta-analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[PLoS One]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Colussi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stafuza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Denner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nepote]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mendicino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Epidemiología de la enfermedad de Chagas en comunidades mocovíes y criollas en el sur del Chaco argentino]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Salud Publica Mex]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>58</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>3-4</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ikedionwu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dongarwar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kaur]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Núñez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Awazi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mallet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Trends and factors associated with Chagas disease among women of reproductive age in the United States, 2002-2017]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Parasite Epidemiol Control]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>11</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[León]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Informe del evento enfermedad de Chagas, Colombia, año 2016]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Nacional de Salud]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Simões]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Borges]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Parreira de Assis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Silva MV dos Santos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KC.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Chagas disease mortality in Brazil: a Bayesian analysis of age-period-cohort effects and forecasts for two decades]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[PLoS Negl Trop Dis]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Medina-Torres]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vázquez-Chagoyán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez-Vivas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RI]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[de Oca-Jiménez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RM.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Risk factors associated with triatomines and Trypanosoma cruzi infection in rural communities from southern Mexico]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Trop Med Hyg]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>82</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>49-54</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Campbell-Lendrum]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Angulo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Esteban]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tarazona]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Parra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Restrepo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[House-level risk factors for triatomine infestation in Colombia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int J Epidemiol]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>36</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>866-72</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cabezas-Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Enfermedades infecciosas desatendidas: un permanente reto para la salud pública y la equidad en Perú]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>326-35</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guhl]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Enfermedad de Chagas: realidad y perspectivas]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Biomed]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>20</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>228-34</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferreira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lazzari]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lorenzo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pereira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MH.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Do haematophagous bugs assess skin surface temperature to detect blood vessels?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[PLoS One]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coura]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Junqueira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AC.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Risks of endemicity, morbidity and perspectives regarding the control of Chagas disease in the Amazon region]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>107</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>145-54</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rojas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Mal de Chagas y factores geográficos: propuesta de zonificación del riesgo epidemiológico en Araure, Venezuela]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Terra]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>50</numero>
<issue>50</issue>
<page-range>109-29</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ledien]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cucunubá]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ZM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Parra-Henao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez-Monguí]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dobson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Adamo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SB]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[From serological surveys to disease burden: a modelling pipeline for Chagas disease]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>378</volume>
<numero>1887</numero>
<issue>1887</issue>
<page-range>20220278</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cucunubá]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ZM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nouvellet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Conteh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Modelling historical changes in the force-of-infection of Chagas disease to inform control and elimination programmes: application in Colombia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMJ Glob Health]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>17</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>World Health Organization</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Ending the neglect to attain the Sustainable Development Goals: a road map for neglected tropical diseases 2021-2030]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Geneva ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[WHO]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>18</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Colombia</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Ley 2056 de 2020. Diario Oficial]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Congreso de Colombia]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>19</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Global Multidimensional Poverty Index 2024: poverty amid conflict]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Oxford ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[OPHI]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<label>20</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Repositorio digital de la CEPAL]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Santiago de Chile ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[CEPAL]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<label>21</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Departamento Nacional de Planeación (DNP)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Mediciones, seguimiento y evaluaciones - Índice de Incidencia del Conflicto Armado (IICA)]]></source>
<year>2025</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá D.C. ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<label>22</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De la Vega]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schilman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PE.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Ecological and physiological thermal niches to understand distribution of Chagas disease vectors in Latin America]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Med Vet Entomol]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>32</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1-13</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<label>23</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dickey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fuller]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WA.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Distribution of the estimators for autoregressive time series with a unit root]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Am Stat Assoc]]></source>
<year>1979</year>
<volume>74</volume>
<numero>366</numero>
<issue>366</issue>
<page-range>427-31</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<label>24</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kwiatkowski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Phillips]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schmidt P Shin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Testing the null hypothesis of stationarity against the alternative of a unit root]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Econom]]></source>
<year>1992</year>
<volume>54</volume>
<numero>1-3</numero>
<issue>1-3</issue>
<page-range>159-78</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<label>25</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Herazo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torres-Torres]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gómez Mantilla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez Carillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cuervo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Medina Camargo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[On-site experience of a project to increase access to diagnosis and treatment of Chagas disease in high-risk endemic areas of Colombia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Acta Trop]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>226</volume>
<page-range>106219</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<label>26</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Butala]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cave]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RNR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fyfe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Worrall]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Koleva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bogoch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LL]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Impact of COVID-19 on the neglected tropical diseases: a scoping review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Infect Dis Poverty]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>55</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<label>27</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JY]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yoon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TS.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Importance of balanced attention toward coronavirus disease 2019 and neglected tropical diseases]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Yonsei Med J]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>64</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>351-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<label>28</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Olivera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garzón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cruz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Velandia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Barriers to diagnosis access for Chagas disease in Colombia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Parasitol Res]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>117</volume>
<numero>11</numero>
<issue>11</issue>
<page-range>3487-95</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<label>29</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ault]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pascual]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Grados-Zavala]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ME]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castellanos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LG.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[El camino a la eliminación: un panorama de las enfermedades infecciosas desatendidas en América Latina y el Caribe]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>319-25</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<label>30</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cucunubá]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Zulma M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The epidemiology of Chagas disease in the Americas]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<volume>379</volume>
<numero>1904</numero>
<issue>1904</issue>
<page-range>20230059</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<label>31</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gaspe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gürtler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RE.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Inequalities in the social determinants of health and Chagas disease transmission risk in indigenous and creole households in the Argentine Chaco]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Parasites Vectors]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>184</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<label>32</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Levesque]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Harris]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Russell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Patient-centred access to health care: conceptualising access at the interface of health systems and populations]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int J Equity Health]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<page-range>18</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<label>33</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Beyrer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Villar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Suwanvanichkij]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Singh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baral]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mills]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EJ.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Neglected diseases, civil conflicts, and the right to health]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Lancet]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>370</volume>
<numero>9589</numero>
<issue>9589</issue>
<page-range>619-27</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<label>34</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Higuera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramírez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JD.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Colombian peace deal and its impact on the evolution of tropical disease agents]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Infect Genet Evol]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>57</volume>
<page-range>145-50</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<label>35</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ledien]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ruiz-Garcia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodriguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aguilera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Corredor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ordoñez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Spatio-temporal framework for estimating the force of infection of Chagas disease in Colombia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMC Med Res Methodol]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>47</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
