<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0121-1129</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Facultad de Ingeniería]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Fac. ing.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0121-1129</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0121-11292017000200033</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19053/01211129.v26.n45.2017.6053</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Study of the calcination process of two limonitic iron ores between 250 °C and 950 °C]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Estudio del proceso de calcinación en dos minerales de hierro limoníticos entre 250 °C y 950 °C]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Estudo do processo de calcinação em dois minerais de ferro limoníticos entre 250 °C e 950 °C]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Longa-Avello]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lisbeth]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pereyra-Zerpa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Cristina]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Casal-Ramos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Julio Andrés]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Delvasto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Pedro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Simón Bolívar  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Caracas ]]></addr-line>
<country>Venezuela</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Simón Bolívar  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Caracas ]]></addr-line>
<country>Venezuela</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Simón Bolívar  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Caracas ]]></addr-line>
<country>Venezuela</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Industrial de Santander  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bucaramanga Santander]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>45</numero>
<fpage>33</fpage>
<lpage>45</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0121-11292017000200033&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0121-11292017000200033&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0121-11292017000200033&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The dehydration process of two limonitic ores from Venezuela was studied between 250 °C and 950 °C by means of thermogravimetry, infrared spectroscopy, and x-ray diffraction. These techniques indicated for both minerals that the goethite-to-hematite transformation occurred in the range of 250-350 °C. In addition, the x-ray diffraction showed a structural re-arrangement within the orebody above 350 °C, temperature above which only the hematite structure is recognizable. Finally, infrared spectroscopy revealed that such transformation implies the loss of structural OH- functional groups, characteristic of the limonite.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Se estudió el proceso de deshidratación de dos minerales limoníticos de Venezuela entre 250 °C y 950 °C, usando termogravimetría, espectroscopia infrarroja y difracción de rayos x. Para ambos materiales, estas técnicas indicaron que la transformación de goethita a hematita ocurrió en el rango de 250 °C a 350 °C. Adicionalmente, la difracción de rayos X mostró un rearreglo estructural dentro de la mena a una temperatura por encima de 350 °C; a temperaturas mayores, solo se reconoce la estructura de la hematita. Finalmente, la espectroscopia infrarroja reveló que la transformación de goethita a hematita implica la pérdida de grupos funcionales de OH- estructural característicos de la limonita.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo Estudou-se o processo de desidratação de dois minérios limoníticos da Venezuela entre 250 °C e 950 °C, usando termogravimetria, espectroscopia infravermelha e difração de raios x. Para ambos os materiais, estas técnicas indicaram que a transformação de goethita a hematita ocorreu no intervalo de 250 °C a 350 °C. Adicionalmente, a difração de raios X mostrou um rearranjo estrutural dentro do minério a uma temperatura por cima de 350 °C; a temperaturas maiores, só reconhece-se a estrutura da hematita. Finalmente, a espectroscopia infravermelha revelou que a transformação de goetite a hematita implica a perda de grupos funcionais de OH- estrutural característicos da limonita.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Iron Ore]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Limonite]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Thermal Modification of Minerals]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Limonita]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Mineral de hierro]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Modificación térmica de minerales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Limonita;Mineral de ferro]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Modificação térmica de minérios]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>[1]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kokal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Singh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Naydyonov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA["Removal of phosphorus from Lisakovsky by roast-leach process,"]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Young]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Electrometallurgy and Environmental Hydrometallurgy]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Hoboken, NJ, USA ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[The Minerals, Metals and Materials Society]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>[2]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Palacios]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bustamante]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Romero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA["Kinetic study of the thermal transformation of limonite to hematite by X-ray diffraction, ¡¡-Raman and Mössbauer spectroscopy,"]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Hyperfine Interact]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>203</volume>
<numero>1-3</numero>
<issue>1-3</issue>
<page-range>113-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>[3]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ionkov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gaydardzhiev]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bastin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Correa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lacoste]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA["Removal of phosphorous through roasting of oolitic iron ore with alkaline earth additives,"]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ XXVIInternational Mineral Processing Congress]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc> </conf-loc>
<page-range>2194-205</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>[4]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bunney]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Watling]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Robinson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA["Thermal pre-treatment of refractory limonite ores to enhance the extraction of nickel and cobalt under heap leaching conditions,"]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Minerals Engineering]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>41</volume>
<page-range>71-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>[5]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Núñez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jaimes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA["Reducibility and mineralogy types of the fine iron ore for fluid bed direct reduction process,"]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ 5 thIAS Ironmaking Conference]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc> </conf-loc>
<page-range>267-76</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>[6]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gariglio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oliveira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mafra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Silva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Correa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA["Evaluation of iron ore value in use for DR/EAF processes - CVRD experience,"]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ 5thIAS Ironmaking Conference]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc> </conf-loc>
<page-range>277-85</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>[7]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nunna]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hapugoda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nguyen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bruckard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA["Chemical and mineral transformation of a low grade goethite ore by dehydroxylation, reduction roasting and magnetic separation,"]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Minerals Engineering]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>60</volume>
<page-range>14-22</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>[8]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cornell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schwertmann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Iron Oxides: Structure, Properties, Reactions, Occurrences and Uses]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<edition>2nd</edition>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Weinheim, Germany ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>[9]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mitov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Paneva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kunev]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA["Comparative study of the thermal decomposition of iron oxyhydroxides,"]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Thermochimica Acta]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>386</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>179-88</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>[10]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Honglei]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baozhen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Qiaoxia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA["Thermal behavior of goethite during transformation to hematite,"]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Materials Chemistry and Physics]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>98</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>148-53</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>[11]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Balek]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Subrt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA["Thermal behaviour of iron(III) oxide hydroxides,"]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pure and Applied Chemistry]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<volume>67</volume>
<numero>11</numero>
<issue>11</issue>
<page-range>1839-42</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>[12]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boily]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Szanyi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Felmy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA["A combined FTIR and TPD study on the bulk and surface dehydroxylation and decarbonation of synthetic goethite,"]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>70</volume>
<numero>14</numero>
<issue>14</issue>
<page-range>3613-24</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>[13]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cudennec]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lecerf]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA["Topotactic transformations of goethite and lepidocrocite into hematite and maghemite,"]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Solid State Sciences]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>520-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>[14]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ruan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Frost]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kloprogge]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA["The behavior of hydroxyl units of synthetic goethite and its dehydroxylated product hematite,"]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>57</volume>
<numero>13</numero>
<issue>13</issue>
<page-range>2575-86</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>[15]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Landers]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gilkes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA["Dehydroxylation and dissolution of nickeliferous goethite in New Caledonian lateritic Ni ore,"]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Applied Clay Science]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>35</volume>
<numero>3-4</numero>
<issue>3-4</issue>
<page-range>162-72</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>[16]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wolska]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA["Relations between the existence of hydroxyl ions in the anionic sublattice of hematite and its infrared and X-ray characteristics,"]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Solid State Ionics]]></source>
<year>1988</year>
<volume>28-30</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>1349-51</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>[17]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ruan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Frost]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kloprogge]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Duong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA["Infrared spectroscopy of goethite dehydroxylation: III. FT-IR microscopy of in situ study of the thermal transformation of goethite to hematite,"]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>58</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>967-9981</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>[18]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Prasad]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shiva Prasad]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Krishna Chaitanya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Babu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.V.S.S.K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sreedhar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramana Murthy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA["In situ FTIR study on the dehydration of natural goethite,"]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Asian Earth Sciences]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>27</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>503-11</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
