<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0121-1617</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Historia Crítica]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[hist.crit.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0121-1617</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Departamento de Historia, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de los Andes]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0121-16172019000200027</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.7440/histcrit72.2019.02</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[¿Francia fue invitada al Congreso Anfictiónico de Panamá de 1826? Evidencias en el margen de una controversia internacional]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Was France Invited to the Amphictyonic Congress of Panama in 1826? Evidence at the Margins of an International Controversy]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[A França foi convidada ao Congresso Anfictiônico do Panamá de 1826? Evidências na margem de uma controvérsia internacional]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Germán A. de la]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>72</numero>
<fpage>27</fpage>
<lpage>44</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0121-16172019000200027&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0121-16172019000200027&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0121-16172019000200027&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Objetivo/contexto:  El artículo examina los rastros documentales de la posible invitación de Francia al Congreso Anfictiónico de Panamá de 1826, una invitación desconocida por la mayoría de los historiadores y que dispone de escasa evidencia documental. Para llevar a cabo nuestra averiguación, apelamos al conjunto de pistas disponibles: correspondencia diplomática; fuentes primarias; obras contemporáneas a los hechos; tipos de operaciones diplomáticas; identidad del agente colombiano susceptible de haber transmitido la invitación y perfil del personaje supuestamente propuesto para representar al Gobierno francés.  Originalidad:  La mayoría de los estudios disponibles ignoran este episodio en las relaciones de Francia y América Latina durante los primeros años de Independencia, e incluso algunos de los historiadores más influyentes niegan su posibilidad. En nuestro conocimiento, el presente artículo es el primero que analiza de manera sistemática la invitación a Francia considerando una variedad de registros documentales provenientes de Europa y América.  Metodología:  La investigación fue guiada por un enfoque historiográfico, que incluyó la búsqueda de exhaustividad en la exploración de las fuentes.  Conclusiones:  El artículo sostiene que la invitación efectivamente tuvo lugar en el nivel de ofrecimiento y que el rechazo del primer ministro francés fue motivado por su alianza con el Gobierno de España. Asimismo, que la gestión del convite estimuló en el Gobierno francés la búsqueda de neutralidad en la guerra de Independencia, actitud ilustrada indirectamente por su acercamiento a Gran Bretaña para mediar en el conflicto.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Objective/context: The article examines the traces of documentation of the possible invitation of France to the Amphictyonic Congress of Panama in 1826. This invitation is unknown to most historians due to the scarce documentary evidence. To carry out our inquiry, we consulted the set of available clues: diplomatic correspondence; primary sources; documents from the period; types of diplomatic operations; the identity of the Colombian agent likely to have sent the invitation and the profile of the person supposedly proposed to represent the French government.  Originality:  Most of the studies available ignore this episode in the relations between France and Latin America during the first years of Independence. Even some of the most influential historians deny its possibility. To our knowledge, this article is the first in systematically analyze the invitation to France while considering a variety of documents and records from Europe and America.  Methodology:  The research was guided by a historiographical approach, which was based on an exhaustive search of the sources.  Conclusions:  The article argues that the invitation did indeed take place as an offer, and that the rejection of the French prime minister was motivated by his alliance with the Government of Spain. Likewise, the way the invitation was handled drove the French Government to seek neutrality in the War of Independence. This attitude was indirectly shown by the fact that Franch approached Great Britain to mediate the conflict.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo  Objetivo/contexto:  O artigo examina os rastros documentais do possível convite da França ao Congresso Anfictiônico do Panamá de 1826, um convite desconhecido pela maioria dos historiadores e que dispõe de evidência documental escassa. Para executar nossa averiguação, apelamos ao conjunto de pistas disponíveis: correspondência diplomática; fontes primárias; obras contemporâneas aos fatos; tipos de operações diplomáticas; identidade do agente colombiano suscetível de haver transmitido o convite e perfil do responsável supostamente proposto para representar o Governo francês.  Originalidade: A maioria dos estudos disponíveis ignoram esse episódio nas relações da França e da América Latina durante os primeiros anos de Independência e, inclusive, alguns dos historiadores mais influentes negam tal possibilidade. Em nosso conhecimento, o presente artigo é o primeiro que analisa de maneira sistemática o convite da França considerando uma variedade de registros documentais provenientes da Europa e da América.  Metodologia: A pesquisa foi guiada por um enfoque historiográfico, que incluiu a busca de exaustividade na exploração das fontes.  Conclusões: O artigo defende que o convite efetivamente se deu no nível de oferecimento e que a recusa do primeiro ministro francês foi motivada por sua aliança com o Governo da Espanha. Igualmente, apresenta-se que a gestão do convite estimulou no Governo francês a busca de neutralidade na guerra da Independência, atitude ilustrada indiretamente por sua aproximação à Grã-Bretanha para mediar no conflito.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[historias conectadas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[historia contemporánea]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[integración]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[relaciones internacionales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[connected histories]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[contemporary history]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[integration]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[international relations]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[história contemporânea]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[histórias conectadas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[integração]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[relações internacionais]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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