<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0121-1617</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Historia Crítica]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[hist.crit.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0121-1617</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Departamento de Historia, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de los Andes]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0121-16172020000100025</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.7440/histcrit75.2020.02</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Imaginando la &#8220;tercera civilización de América&#8221;: Colombia en las exposiciones internacionales del IV Centenario (1892-1893)]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Envisioning &#8220;America&#8217;s Third Civilization&#8221;: Colombia at the International Exhibitions of Madrid and Chicago (1892-1893)]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Imaginando a &#8220;terceira civilização da América&#8221;: Colômbia nas exposições internacionais do IV Centenário (1892-1893)]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schuster]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sven]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Buenaventura Gómez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Laura Alejandra]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad del Rosario  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad del Rosario  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>01</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>01</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>75</numero>
<fpage>25</fpage>
<lpage>47</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0121-16172020000100025&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0121-16172020000100025&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0121-16172020000100025&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen.  Objetivo/Contexto:  En el contexto de las celebraciones del IV Centenario del descubrimiento de América, Colombia participó en la Exposición Histórico-Americana de Madrid en 1892 y la Exposición Universal de Chicago en 1893. En ambas ocasiones, el enfoque de la muestra estaba en objetos prehispánicos. Por medio de la glorificación del pasado precolombino, los organizadores de las exhibiciones querían proveer el país con una &#8220;antigüedad&#8221; propia, comparable a las civilizaciones antiguas de Perú y México, además de proyectar la imagen de una nación moderna a través del tratamiento científico de tales vestigios del pasado.  Originalidad:  Tradicionalmente el estudio de las exposiciones internacionales se ha concentrado en la proyección de autoimágenes nacionales. No obstante, aparte de enfocarnos en su relevancia para la formación de la nación, las analizaremos como plataformas transnacionales que fomentaron la circulación de conocimientos y objetos.  Metodología:  Usando el método histórico-crítico, nos apoyaremos en fuentes primarias provenientes de Colombia, España y Estados Unidos, incluyendo material de archivo, pero también prensa, catálogos y memorias de congresos. El material de archivo se analiza principalmente para entender los procesos organizativos detrás de las exposiciones, por lo cual el enfoque está en la correspondencia entre los delegados y el Gobierno colombiano. La prensa, los catálogos y las memorias, por otro lado, dan una idea de las diferentes formas de presentación, así como de la recepción por el público.  Conclusiones: El hecho de que Colombia se haya preocupado por organizar presentaciones internacionales, que consistían predominantemente en objetos precolombinos, da cuenta de la importancia que el estudio del pasado había ganado a finales del siglo XIX. Aunque el pasado precolombino no fue integrado al imaginario nacional de la época, su estudio científico y su presentación en el extranjero sentaron las bases para su futura nacionalización.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract.  Objective/Context:  In the context of the Fourth Centenary of the discovery of America, Colombia participated in the Historical American Exposition in Madrid (1892) as well as the Chicago World&#8217;s Columbian Exposition (1893). On both occasions, the focus was on pre-Hispanic objects. Through the glorification of the pre-Columbian past, the Colombian exhibition organizers sought to endow their country with an &#8220;antiquity&#8221; of its own, comparable to the ancient civilizations of Peru and Mexico. Apart from this, they projected the image of a modern nation through the scientific treatment of such vestiges of the past.  Originality:  Traditionally, the study of international exhibitions has focused on the projection of national self-images. However, besides their relevance for the process of nation-building, we also understand them as transnational platforms that fostered the circulation of knowledge and objects.  Methodology:  Using the historical-critical method, we rely on primary sources from Colombia, Spain and the United States, including archival material, but also newspaper articles, catalogs and conference proceedings. The archival material is especially helpful for understanding the organizational processes behind the exhibitions, which is the reason behind our focus on the correspondence exchanged between the delegates and the Colombian government. On the other hand, newspaper articles, catalogs and conference proceedings give us an idea of &#8203;&#8203;the various forms of presentation employed, as well as the reception by the public.  Conclusions:  The fact that Colombia has been concerned with organizing international presentations that consisted predominantly of pre-Columbian objects, shows the importance the study of the past had gained by the end of the 19th century. Although the pre-Columbian past was not integrated into the national imaginary at the time, its scientific study, and its presentation abroad, laid the foundations for its future nationalization.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo.  Objetivo/Contexto:  No contexto das celebrações do IV Centenário do descobrimento da América, a Colômbia participou da Exposição Histórico-Americana de Madri em 1892 e da Exposição Universal de Chicago em 1893. Em ambas as ocasiões, o foco da mostra estava em objetos pré-hispânicos. Por meio da exaltação do passado pré-colombiano, os organizadores das exibições queriam apresentar o país com uma &#8220;antiguidade&#8221; própria, comparável às civilizações antigas do Peru e do México, além de projetar a imagem de uma nação moderna mediante o tratamento científico desses vestígios do passado.  Originalidade:  Tradicionalmente, o estudo das exposições internacionais tem se concentrado na projeção de autoimagens nacionais. Contudo, além de centralizarmos em sua relevância para formar a nação, analisamo-las como plataformas transnacionais que promoveram a circulação de conhecimentos e objetos.  Metodologia:  A partir do método histórico-crítico, apoiamo-nos em fontes primárias da Colômbia, da Espanha e dos Estados Unidos, que incluem material de arquivo, mas também de imprensa, catálogos e memórias de congressos. O material de arquivo é analisado principalmente para entender os processos organizacionais por trás das exposições, portanto o foco está na correspondência entre os delegados e o governo colombiano. Imprensa, catálogos e memórias, por sua vez, dão uma ideia das formas da apresentação, bem como da recepção pelo público.  Conclusões: O fato de a Colômbia ter se preocupado em organizar apresentações internacionais que consistiam, de forma predominante, em objetos pré-colombianos, torna evidente a importância que o estudo do passado ganhou no final do século XIX. Embora o passado pré-colombiano não tenha sido integrado ao imaginário nacional da época, seu estudo científico e sua apresentação no exterior estabeleceram as bases para sua futura nacionalização.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Colombia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[exposiciones internacionales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[imaginario nacional]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[siglo XIX]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[IV Centenario.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Colombia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Fourth Centenary]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[international exhibitions]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[national self-image]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[19th century.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Colômbia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[exposições internacionais]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[imaginário nacional]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[século XIX]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[IV Centenário.]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Archivo General de la Nación (AGN)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Fondo Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, correspondencia de legaciones y consulados]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá-Colombia ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Instituto Caro y Cuervo, sede Yerbabuena (ICC)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Fondo Papeles y Cartas de Miguel Antonio Caro]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Chía-Colombia ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Field Museum of Natural History (FMNH)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Museum Archives]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Chicago-Estados Unidos ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<source><![CDATA[Bismarck Daily Tribune]]></source>
<year>1893</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bismarck ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<source><![CDATA[Chicago Daily Tribune]]></source>
<year>1893</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Chicago ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<source><![CDATA[Daily Inter Ocean]]></source>
<year>1892</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Chicago ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<source><![CDATA[Diario de Cundinamarca]]></source>
<year>1893</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<source><![CDATA[Diario Oficial]]></source>
<year>1892</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<source><![CDATA[El Correo Nacional]]></source>
<year>1891</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<source><![CDATA[El Espectador]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<source><![CDATA[El Liberal]]></source>
<year>1892</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<source><![CDATA[Ilustración Española y Americana]]></source>
<year>1892</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<source><![CDATA[Milwaukee Journal]]></source>
<year>1893</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Milwaukee ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<source><![CDATA[Milwaukee Sentinel]]></source>
<year>1893</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Milwaukee ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<source><![CDATA[New York Times]]></source>
<year>1876</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Nueva York ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<source><![CDATA[North American]]></source>
<year>1893</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Filadelfia ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<source><![CDATA[Rocky Mountain News]]></source>
<year>1891</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Denver ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<source><![CDATA[St. Landry Democrat]]></source>
<year>1893</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Opelousas ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<source><![CDATA[The Bee]]></source>
<year>1893</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Earlington ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<source><![CDATA[Washington Post]]></source>
<year>1891</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Washington, D.C. ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<source><![CDATA[Wisconsin State Register]]></source>
<year>1893</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Portage ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Acosta de Samper]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Soledad]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Memorias presentadas en congresos internacionales que se reunieron en España durante las fiestas del IV Centenario del descubrimiento de América, en 1892]]></source>
<year>1893</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Chartres ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Imprenta de Durand]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Acosta de Samper]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Soledad]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Viaje a España en 1892]]></source>
<year>1893</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Imprenta de Antonio María Samper]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bravo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luis]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[América y España en la Exposición Universal de París de 1889]]></source>
<year>1890</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[París ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Paul Dupont]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Calderón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Clímaco]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Britton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Edward E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Colombia 1893]]></source>
<year>1893</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Washington ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Bureau of American Republics]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cameron]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[William]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The World&#8217;s Fair: A Pictorial History of the Columbian Exposition]]></source>
<year>1893</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Chicago ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Chicago Publication &amp; Lithograph Co.]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<source><![CDATA[Catálogo General de la Exposición Histórico-Americana]]></source>
<year>1893</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sucesores de Rivadeneyra]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chiesi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gustavo]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[L&#8217;Esposizione italo-americana a volo d&#8217;uccello]]></source>
<year>1893</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Milán ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[A. Demarchi]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Congreso Internacional de Americanistas</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Actas de la Novena Reunión, Huelva, 1892]]></source>
<year>1894</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Tipografía de los hijos de M. G. Hernández]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Flinn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[John]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Hand-book of the World&#8217;s Columbian Exposition]]></source>
<year>1893</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Chicago ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Donohue &amp; Henneberry]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Holguín Mallarino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Mensaje del Presidente de la República a las Cámaras Legislativas]]></source>
<year>1892</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Imprenta de La Luz]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Johnson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rossiter]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[A History of the World&#8217;s Columbian Exposition]]></source>
<year>1897</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Nueva York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[D. Appleton and Company]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lemly]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Henry R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Ejercicios gimnásticos]]></source>
<year>1884</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Nueva York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Appleton]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lemly]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Henry R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[&#8220;Santa Fé de Bogotá&#8221;]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Harper&#8217;s New Monthly Magazine]]></source>
<year>1885</year>
<volume>71</volume>
<numero>421</numero>
<issue>421</issue>
<page-range>47-59</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lemly]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Henry R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[&#8220;Who Was El Dorado?&#8221;]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Century - Illustrated Monthly Magazine]]></source>
<year>1891</year>
<numero>42</numero>
<issue>42</issue>
<page-range>881-92</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lemly]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Henry R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Bolívar: Liberator of Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia]]></source>
<year>1923</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Boston ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Stratford]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Monod]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[L&#8217;Exposition Universelle de 1889: grand ouvrage illustré, historique, enciclopédique, descriptive]]></source>
<year>1890</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[París ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[E. Dentu]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Restrepo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Vicente]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Catálogo de los objetos que presenta el Gobierno de Colombia a la Exposición Histórico-Americana de Madrid]]></source>
<year>1892</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sucesores de Rivadeneyra]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Restrepo Tirado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ernesto]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Ensayo etnográfico y arqueológico de la provincia de los Quimbayas en el Nuevo Reino de Granada]]></source>
<year>1912</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Sevilla ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Imprenta y Librería de Eulogio de las Heras]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Restrepo Tirado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ernesto]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Descubrimiento y conquista de Colombia]]></source>
<year>1917</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Imprenta Nacional]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Seler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Eduard]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[&#8220;Die Quimbaya und ihre Nachbarn&#8221;]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Globus. Illustrierte Zeitschrift fu&#776;r La&#776;nder- und Vo&#776;lkerkunde]]></source>
<year>1893</year>
<volume>64</volume>
<numero>15</numero>
<issue>15</issue>
<page-range>242-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shepp]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[James W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shepp]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Daniel B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Shepp&#8217;s World Fair Photographed]]></source>
<year>1893</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Chicago ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Globe Bible Publishing Co.]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<source><![CDATA[El Tesoro Quimbaya en la Exposición Histórico-Americana de Madrid]]></source>
<year>1892</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Biblioteca Nacional de España]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B44">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<source><![CDATA[Pabello&#769;n de Colombia en la Exposicio&#769;n de Chicago]]></source>
<year>1893</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Chicago ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Laird &amp; Lee Publishers]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B45">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arango]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Silvia]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Gastón Lelarge: arquitecto]]></source>
<year>1986</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional de Colombia]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B46">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Volker]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[&#8220;Nation und Alterität. Argentinien auf den Pariser Weltausstellungen von 1867, 1878 und 1889&#8221;]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Freytag]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Nils]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Petzold]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Dominik]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Das &#8222;lange&#8220; 19. Jahrhundert. Alte Fragen und neue Perspektiven]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<page-range>121-44</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Múnich ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Herbert Utz]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B47">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Botero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Clara Isabel]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[El redescubrimiento del pasado prehispánico de Colombia: viajeros, arqueólogos y coleccionistas, 1820-1945]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[ICANH]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B48">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Böger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Astrid]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Envisioning the Nation: The Early American World&#8217;s Fairs and the Formation of Culture]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Fráncfort del Meno ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Campus]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B49">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bueno]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Christina]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Pursuit of Ruins: Archaeology, History, and the Making of Modern Mexico]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Albuquerque ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[University of New Mexico Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B50">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gamboa Hinestrosa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Pablo]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[El Tesoro de los Quimbayas. Historia, identidad y patrimonio]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Planeta]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B51">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Robert Alexander]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Designing Pan-America: U.S. Architectural Visions for the Western Hemisphere]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Austin ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[University of Texas Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B52">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guarín Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Óscar]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[&#8220;La civilización chibcha y la construcción de la nación neogranadina&#8221;]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Universitas Humanística]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>70</volume>
<numero>70</numero>
<issue>70</issue>
<page-range>205-22</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B53">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Herrera Ángel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marta]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[&#8220;Las ocho láminas de Humboldt sobre Colombia en Vistas de las cordilleras y monumentos de los pueblos indígenas de América (1810)&#8221;]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Internationale Zeitschrift für Humboldt-Studien]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>20</numero>
<issue>20</issue>
<page-range>85-120</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B54">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Langebaek Rueda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carl Henrik]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Robledo Escobar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Natalia]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Utopías ajenas. Evolucionismo, indios e indigenistas. Miguel Triana y el legado de Darwin y Spencer en Colombia]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de los Andes]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B55">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López-Ocón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Leoncio]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chaumeil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jean-Pierre]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Verde Casanova]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ana]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Los americanistas del siglo XIX. La construcción de una comunidad científica internacional]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Iberoamericana]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B56">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Majluf]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Natalia]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[&#8220;&#8216;Ce n&#8217;est pas le Pérou,&#8217; or, the Failure of Authenticity: Marginal Cosmopolitans at the Paris Universal Exhibition of 1855&#8221;]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Critical Inquiry]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>868-93</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B57">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Frédéric]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[El nacionalismo cosmopolita. La referencia europea en la construcción nacional en Colombia]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Banco de la República]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B58">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muñoz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carmen Cecilia]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[¿Cómo representar los orígenes de una nación civilizada? Colombia en la Exposición Histórico-Americana de Madrid, 1892.]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cali ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad del Valle]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B59">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Osterhammel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jürgen]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Die Verwandlung der Welt. Eine Geschichte des 19. Jahrhunderts]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Múnich ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[C. H. Beck]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B60">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Padilla Peñuela]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Christian]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La llamada de la tierra. El nacionalismo en la escultura colombiana]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Alcaldía Mayor de Bogotá]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B61">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez Benavides]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Amada Carolina]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Nosotros y los otros. Las representaciones de la nación y sus habitantes]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Pontificia Universidad Javeriana]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B62">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Podgorny]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Irina]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[&#8220;Medien der Archäologie&#8221;]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Engell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lorenz]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Medien der Antike]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<page-range>167-79</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Weimar ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universitätsverlag]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B63">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Quintero Toro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Camilo]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Birds of Empire, Birds of Nation: A History of Science, Economy, and Conservation in United States-Colombia Relation]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de los Andes]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B64">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez Durán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Hugo]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[&#8220;La Escuela Militar de Cadetes &#8216;General José María Córdova&#8217;. Evolución histórica&#8221;]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Ejército]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<numero>136</numero>
<issue>136</issue>
<page-range>8-13</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B65">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rozo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Esteban]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[del Cairo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[&#8220;Indigenismo desarrollista: Estado y diferencia cultural en una frontera amazónica (1959-1980)&#8221;]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Historia Crítica]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<numero>65</numero>
<issue>65</issue>
<page-range>163-82</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B66">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rydell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Robert]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[All the World&#8217;s a Fair: Visions of Empire at American International Expositions, 1876-1916]]></source>
<year>1984</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Chicago ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[University of Chicago Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B67">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schuster]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sven]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Die Inszenierung der Nation. Das Kaiserreich Brasilien im Zeitalter der Weltausstellungen]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Fráncfort del Meno ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Peter Lang]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B68">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schuster]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sven]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[&#8220;The World&#8217;s Fairs as Spaces of Global Knowledge: Latin American Archaeology and Anthropology in the Age of Exhibitions&#8221;]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Global History]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>69-93</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B69">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Trouillot]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Michel-Rolph]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Silencing the Past: Power and the Production of History]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Boston ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Beacon Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B70">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Troyan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Brett]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[&#8220;Re-Imagining the &#8216;Indian&#8217; and the State: Indigenismo in Colombia, 1926-1947&#8221;]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Canadian Journal of Latin American and Caribbean Studies]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<numero>65</numero>
<issue>65</issue>
<page-range>81-106</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B71">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valverde]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alejandra]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[&#8220;Catálogos de objetos prehispánicos en las exposiciones colombianas de Madrid y Chicago (1892/93)&#8221;]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mejía]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sergio]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Díaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Adriana]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Historias de escritos. Colombia, 1858-1994]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<page-range>137-68</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de los Andes]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B72">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Verde Casanova]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ana]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[&#8220;Biografía del Tesoro Quimbaya&#8221;]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Perea]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alicia]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Verde Casanova]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ana]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gutiérrez Usillos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Andrés]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[El Tesoro Quimbaya]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<page-range>15-62</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
