<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0121-182X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Prolegómenos]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Prolegómenos]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0121-182X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Militar Nueva Granada]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0121-182X2023000100103</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18359/prole.6224</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Os chefes de Estado: seus poderes e atribuições no constitucionalismo brasileiro e espanhol, com recorte crítico entre os sistemas de governo]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Heads of State: their powers and attributions in Brazilian and Spanish constitutionalism, with a critical review of the systems of government]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Los jefes de Estado: sus poderes y atribuciones en el constitucionalismo brasileño y español, con recorte crítico entre los sistemas de gobierno]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guedes Gondim Almeida]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Maria José]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gondim Almeida]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Maíra]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Federal de Juiz  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Brasil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Candido Mendes  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Brasil</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>51</numero>
<fpage>103</fpage>
<lpage>117</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0121-182X2023000100103&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0121-182X2023000100103&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0121-182X2023000100103&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo: o presente trabalho possui por escopo precípuo promover um estudo sobre as competências constitucionais dos chefes de Estado no direito constitucional brasileiro e espanhol. Parte-se da análise da Constituição brasileira, cuja última edição foi promulgada em 1988, e da Constituição espanhola, editada em 1978, ambas contextualizadas no enfoque histórico-político. Dentro desse contexto, promove-se, ao longo deste estudo, uma análise comparada dos poderes, atribuições e responsabilidades dos referidos chefes de Estado para, ao final, estabelecermos um recorte crítico entre os dois sistemas de governo: de um lado, o presidencialismo brasileiro e, de outro, a monarquia constitucional espanhola, em especial naquilo que se refere à consolidação democrática no mundo moderno.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: The main purpose of this paper is to promote a study on the constitutional powers of the Heads of State in Brazilian and Spanish Constitutional Law. It is based on the analysis of the Brazilian Constitution, whose last edition was promulgated in 1988, and the Spanish Constitution, published in 1978, contextualized in the historical-political approach. In this context, a comparative analysis of the powers, attributions, and responsibilities of the referred heads of state is promoted throughout this study to establish a critical approach between the two systems of government: on the one hand, the Brazilian presidential system and, on the other hand, the Spanish constitutional monarchy, especially concerning democratic consolidation in the modern world.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: El presente trabajo tiene el propósito principal promover un estudio acerca de las competencias constitucionales de los jefes de Estado en el Derecho Constitucional brasileño y español. Se parte del análisis de la Constitución brasileña, cuya última edición se promulgó en el 1988, y la Constitución española, editada en el 1978, ambas contextualizadas en el enfoque histórico-político. En este contexto, se promueve, a lo largo de este estudio, un análisis comparado de los poderes, atribuciones y responsabilidades de los referidos jefes de Estado para, al fin, establecer un enfoque crítico entre los dos sistemas de gobierno: de una parte, el presidencialismo brasileño y, de otra, la monarquía constitucional española, en especial en aquello que se refiere a la consolidación democrática en el mundo moderno.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[chefes de Estado]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[constitucionalismo brasileiro]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[constitucionalismo espanhol]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[heads of state]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Brazilian constitutionalism]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Spanish constitutionalism]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[jefes de Estado]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[constitucionalismo brasileño]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[constitucionalismo español]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abranches]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Presidencialismo de coalizão: raízes e evolução do modelo político brasileiro.]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editora Companhia das Letras]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Antonio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. A. A. de]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Antonio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. L. A. de.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Derecho Constitucional Español]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<edition>7. ed</edition>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial Universitas, S.A]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boeira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Da necessária separação entre governo e Estado]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[[Blog]]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bonavides]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A evolução constitucional do Brasil]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Estudos Avançados]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>40</numero>
<issue>40</issue>
<page-range>155-76</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Brasil</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Lei n.° 1.079, de 10 de abril de 1950 que define os crimes de responsabilidade e regula o respectivo processo de julgamento]]></source>
<year>1950</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Senado Federal]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Brasil</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil]]></source>
<year>1988</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Senado Federal]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Canotilho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. J. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Direito Constitucional e Teoria da Constituição]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<edition>7. ed</edition>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Edições Almedina]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Camargo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. A. C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A influência estrangeira na construção da Jurisdição Constitucional Brasileira]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista General de Derecho Público Comparado]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>3</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Espanha</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Constitución Española]]></source>
<year>1978</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Cortes Generales]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gouvea]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Manual de Direito Constitucional]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Edições Almedina S.A]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kadri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O. F. do S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[O executivo legislador: o caso brasileiro. Boletim da Faculdade de Direito Universidade de Coimbra - Stvdia Ivridica]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Coimbra Editora]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>79</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Linz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stepan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A transição e consolidação da democracia: a experiência do sul da Europa e da América do Sul]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Paz e Terra]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maddex]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Constitutions of the World]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<edition>3. ed</edition>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[CQ Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mendes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coelho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Branco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. G. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Curso de Direito Constitucional]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<edition>4. ed</edition>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[rev. e atual. Saraiva]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moraes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. de.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Constituição do Brasil Interpretada e Legislação Constitucional]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<edition>5. ed</edition>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editora Atlas S.A]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Neto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. J. e S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Curso Básico de Direito Constitucional]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editora Lumen Juris]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reyes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La Organización Institucional de Las Comunidades Autónomas]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Española de Derecho Constitucional]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>79</volume>
<page-range>9-32</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Segado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[El Sistema Constitucional Español]]></source>
<year>1992</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Dykinson]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sobrinho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O. S. B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[A Constituição Federal Vista Pelo STF]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<edition>3. ed</edition>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editora Juarez de Oliveira]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Úbeda-Português]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Sistemas Político-Constitucionales en El Mundo]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial Aebius]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Villaamil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Comentario sistemático a la Constitución Española de 1978]]></source>
<year>1978</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Ediciones Del Foro Madrid]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
