<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0121-246X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Facultad de Odontología Universidad de Antioquia]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev Fac Odontol Univ Antioq]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0121-246X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Antioquia ]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0121-246X2019000200036</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17533/udea.rfo.v31n1-2a3</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Pneumatized articular tubercle and discontinuity of the temporal bone mandibular fossa: a computed tomographic study]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Neumatización del tubérculo articular y discontinuidad de la fosa mandibular del temporal: estudio mediante tomografía computarizada]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferrer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rosa]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández-Andara]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Adalsa]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ortega-Pertuz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ana Isabel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad del Zulia School of Dentistry ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Maracaibo Zulia]]></addr-line>
<country>Venezuela</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Félix Boada Clinic  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Caracas ]]></addr-line>
<country>Venezuela</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad del Zulia School of Dentistry ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Maracaibo Zulia]]></addr-line>
<country>Venezuela</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>36</fpage>
<lpage>46</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0121-246X2019000200036&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0121-246X2019000200036&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0121-246X2019000200036&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Introduction:  air cells in the articular tubercle and the discontinuity of the cortical mandibular fossa are sites of minimal resistance, favoring the extension of various pathologies, which should be differentiated from similar processes involving bone expansion/destruction. The aim of this study was to assess pneumatized articular tubercle (PAT) and discontinuity of the temporal bone&#8217;s mandibular fossa (DMF) through computed tomography (CT), focusing on its distribution by age, sex, and laterality.  Methods:  200 CT studies including both temporomandibular joints (TMJ) were selected, recording age, sex, presence/absence of PAT and DMF and their laterality.  Results:  19% of patients had some anatomical variants. PAT was seen in 15.5% of cases (n = 31), 21 females (67.74%) and 10 males (32.26%). DMF was seen in seven cases (3.5%), all in females. 51.62% of PAT were bilateral, and 85.71% of DMF were unilateral.  Conclusions:  the sample under study has a high prevalence of PAT. DMF should be considered in the evaluation of TMJ by CT, with this being the method of choice to assess bone structures and air spaces in temporal bone.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción:  las celdillas aéreas en el tubérculo articular y la discontinuidad de la cortical de la fosa mandibular representan sitios de mínima resistencia que pueden facilitar la extensión de diversas patologías y es importante diferenciarlas de procesos con aspecto semejante que cursan con expansión/destrucción ósea. El objetivo del presente estudio consistió en estudiar la neumatización del tubérculo articular (NTA) y la discontinuidad de la fosa mandibular (DFM) del hueso temporal, observadas a través de tomografía computarizada (TC), con énfasis en su distribución por edad, sexo y lateralidad.  Métodos:  se seleccionaron 200 estudios de TC que incluyeran ambas articulaciones temporomandibulares (ATM). Se registró la edad, sexo, presencia/ausencia de NTA y DFM y su lateralidad.  Resultados:  el 19% de los pacientes presenta algunas de las variantes anatómicas. La NTA fue observada en el 15,5% de los casos (n=31), 21 (67,74%) de sexo femenino y 10 (32,26%) de sexo masculino. La DFM se evidenció en siete (3,5%) casos, todos del sexo femenino. El 51,62% de la NTA fue de tipo bilateral, y el 85,71% de la DFM se encontró unilateralmente.  Conclusiones:  existe una alta frecuencia de NTA en la muestra estudiada, la DFM es un hallazgo a considerer en la evaluación de la ATM mediante TC, siendo que este método es de elección para valorar estructuras óseas y espacios aéreos en el hueso temporal.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[temporomandibular joint]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[temporal bone]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[computed tomography]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[articulación temporomandibular]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[hueso temporal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[tomografía computarizada]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Orhan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Delilbasi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cebesi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Paksoy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Prevalence and variations of pneumatized articular eminence: a study from Turkey]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod.]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>99</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>349-54</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yavuz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aras]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Güngör]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Büyükkurt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Prevalence of the pneumatized articular eminence in the temporal bone]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Craniomaxillofac Surg.]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>37</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>137-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Miloglu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yilmaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yildirim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Akgul]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Pneumatization of the articular eminence on cone-beam computed tomography: prevalence, characteristics and a review of the literature]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Dentomaxillofac Radiol.]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>40</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>110-4</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zamaninaser]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rashidipoor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mosavat]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ahmadi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Prevalence of zygomatic air cell defect: panoramic radiographic study of a selected Esfehanian population]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Dent Res J (Isfahan).]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>^s1</numero>
<issue>^s1</issue>
<supplement>1</supplement>
<page-range>S63-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ladeira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barbosa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nascimento]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cruz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Freitas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DQ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Almeida]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Prevalence and characteristics of pneumatization of the temporal bone evaluated by cone beam computed tomography]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg.]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>42</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>771-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shamshad]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kamath]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Babshet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Srikanth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Doddamani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Prevalence of temporal bone pneumatization in relation to temporomandibular join: a computed tomographic study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg.]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>119</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>118-21</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Virapongse]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sarwar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bhimani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sasaki]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shapiro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Computed tomography of temporal bone pneumatization: 1. Normal pattern and morphology]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[AJR Am J Roentgenol.]]></source>
<year>1985</year>
<volume>145</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>473-81</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jadhav]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fellows]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hand]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tadinada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lurie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AG]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Classification and volumetric analysis of temporal bone pneumatization using cone beam computed tomography]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol.]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>117</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>376-84</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Song]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SW]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jun]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evaluation of temporal bone pneumatization with growth using 3D reconstructed image of computed tomography]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Auris Nasus Larynx.]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>44</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>522-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Khojastepour]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Paknahad]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abdalipur]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Paknahad]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Prevalence and characteristics of articular eminence pneumatization: a cone-beam computed tomographic study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Maxillofac Oral Surg.]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>339-44</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tyndall]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Matteson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SR]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Radiographic appearance and population distribution of the pneumatized articular eminence of the temporal bone]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Oral Maxillofac Surg.]]></source>
<year>1985</year>
<volume>43</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>493-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stoopler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ET]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pinto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stanton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mupparapu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sollecito]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TP]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Extensive pneumatization of the temporal bone and articular eminence: an incidental finding in a patient with facial pain. Case report and review of literature]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Quintessence Int.]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>34</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>211-4</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kaugars]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mercuri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Laskin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Pneumatization of the articular eminence of the temporal bone: prevalence, development, and surgical treatment]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Am Dent Assoc.]]></source>
<year>1986</year>
<volume>113</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>55-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Haller]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Calamel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pfaffenbach]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Zygomatic air cell defect (ZACD). Prevalence and characteristics in a dental clinic outpatient population]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Dentomaxillofac Radiol.]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>28</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>116-22</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hofmann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Friedrich]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wedl]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schmelzle]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Pneumatization of the zygomatic arch on pantomography]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mund Kiefer Gesichtschir.]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>173-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Orhan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Delilbasi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Orhan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AI]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Radiographic evaluation of pneumatized articular eminence in a group of Turkish children]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Dentomaxillofac Radiol.]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>35</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>365-70</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>17</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Srikanth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Patil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mahima]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VG]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Zygomatic air cell defect: a panoramic radiographic study of a south Indian population]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ind J Radiol Imaging.]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>20</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>112-4</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>18</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Park]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[YH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Park]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Son]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Choi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Choi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KS]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Radiographic evaluation of the zygomatic air cell defect]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Korean J Oral Maxillofac Radio.]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>32</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>207-12</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>19</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gadda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Patil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salvi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Zygomatic air cell defect: prevalence and characteristics in dental outpatient population]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Contemp Dent.]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>69-72</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<label>20</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Patil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mahima]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Malleshi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SN]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Srikanth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HS.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Prevalence of zygomatic air cell defect in adults-a retrospective panoramic radiographic analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Eur J Radiol.]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>81</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>957-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<label>21</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gupta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sheikh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pallagatti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aggarwal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Goyal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chidanandappa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RN]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Zygomatic air cell defect: a panoramic radiographic study of a North Indian population]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Investig Clin Dent.]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>247-51</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<label>22</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Srivathsa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Malleshi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SN]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Patil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guledgud]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MV]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A retrospective study of panoramic radiographs for zygomatic air cell defect in children]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Saudi J Oral Sci.]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>79-82</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<label>23</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kishore]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Panat]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kishore]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aggarwal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Upadhyay]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Agarwal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Prevalence of zygomatic air cell defect using orthopantomogram]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Clin Diagn Res.]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
<page-range>ZC09-11</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<label>24</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nagaraj]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nigam]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Balraj]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santosh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HN]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ghouse]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tagore]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A population-based retrospective study of zygomatic air cell defect in Bengaluru]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Med Radiol Pathol Surg.]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<page-range>5-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<label>25</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bronoosh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shakibafard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mokhtare]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Munesi Rad]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Temporal bone pneumatisation: a computed tomography study of pneumatized articular tubercle]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Clin Radiol.]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>69</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>151-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<label>26</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[&#304;lgüy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Döleko&#287;lu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fi&#351;ekçio&#287;lu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ersan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[&#304;lgüy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evaluation of pneumatization in the articular eminence and roof of the glenoid fossa with cone-beam computed tomography]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Balkan Med J.]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>32</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>64-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<label>27</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Honda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kawashima]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kashima]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sawada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shinoda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sugisaki]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Relationship between sex, age, and the minimum thickness of the roof of the glenoid fossa in normal temporomandibular joints]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Clin Anat.]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>18</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>23-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<label>28</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Al-Ekrish]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alorainy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[IA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Apparent discontinuity of the roof of the glenoid fossa on cone-beam computed tomography images of an asymptomatic temporomandibular joint]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Oral Radiol.]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>32</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>61-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<label>29</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ahlqvist]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Isberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Bone demarcation of the temporomandibular joint. Validity of clinical assessment of bone thickness by means of CT]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Acta Radiol.]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>39</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>649-55</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<label>30</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ahlqvist]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Isberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Validity of computed tomography in imaging thin walls of the temporal bone]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Dentomaxillofac Radiol.]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>28</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>13-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<label>31</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eckerdal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ahlqvist]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Thin bony walls of the temporomandibular joint. Morphologic properties and tomographic reproduction]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Acta Radiol Diagn.]]></source>
<year>1979</year>
<volume>20</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>385-92</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<label>32</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Betz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BW]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wiener]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MD]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Air in the temporomandibular joint fossa: CT sign of temporal bone fracture]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Radiology.]]></source>
<year>1991</year>
<volume>180</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>463-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<label>33</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Montaser]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Goyal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Weiner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Air in temporomandibular joint: an indirect, specific CT sign of temporal bone fracture in the setting of head trauma]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Trauma.]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>70</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<label>34</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ejima]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schulze]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stippig]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Matsumoto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rottke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Honda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Relationship between the thickness of the roof of glenoid fossa, condyle morphology and remaining teeth in asymptomatic European patients based on cone beam CT data sets]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Dentomaxillofac Radiol.]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>42</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>90929410</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<label>35</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Friedrich]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Viezens]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Grzyska]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Pneumatization of the zygomatic process of temporal bone on computed tomograms]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[GMS Interdiscip Plast Reconstr Surg DGPW]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<page-range>Doc16</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<label>36</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Balzeau]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Grimaud-Hervé]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cranial base morphology and temporal bone pneumatization in Asian Homo erectus]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Hum Evol.]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>51</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>350-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
