<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0121-246X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Facultad de Odontología Universidad de Antioquia]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev Fac Odontol Univ Antioq]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0121-246X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Antioquia ]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0121-246X2024000100042</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17533/udea.rfo.v36n1a4</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[In vitro analysis of two irrigation activation systems for cleaning mesial canals in lower molars]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gálvez-Saavedra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Allison]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lavalle-Vidal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Guadalupe]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nima]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gabriel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Científica del Sur  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Peru</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Científica del Sur  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Peru</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Científica del Sur  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Peru</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>36</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>42</fpage>
<lpage>53</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0121-246X2024000100042&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0121-246X2024000100042&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0121-246X2024000100042&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción:  este estudio buscó comparar la eficacia de dos diferentes sistemas de activación endodóntica en la eliminación de detritus de conductos mesiales de molares inferiores por tercios radiculares.  Métodos:  se prepararon los conductos mesiales de quince primeros molares inferiores humanas con limas, irrigadas con hipoclorito de sodio 2,5 % y EDTA 17 %, y divididas en 3 grupos (n=5) de acuerdo con el tipo de activación: Control: Activación con cono maestro, Ultrasonido: Irrigación ultrasónica (UI) y Ultra X: Irrigación ultrasónica pasiva (PIU). Las raíces fueron seccionadas en tercios (cervical, medio y apical), los conductos radiculares expuestos y preparados para microscopía electrónica de barrido. Se obtuvieron 135 microfotografías (3 microfotografías por cada nivel radicular). Para determinar qué sistema de activación fue más efectivo, todas las imágenes fueron evaluadas por 3 especialistas en endodoncia, previamente calibrados. Los datos fueron analizados con la prueba de Kuskall-Wallis (95 %).  Resultados:  el sistema PUI fue el más efectivo, seguido por UI y el control que fue el menos eficiente (p&lt;0,001). Se encontraron diferencias significativas entre PUI y los otros sistemas en cada nivel radicular: coronal (p=0,013), medio (p=0,038) y apical (p=0,009). La limpieza de los conductos radiculares disminuyo de cervical a apical en todos los grupos, siendo el grupo UI el mostro un patrón de limpieza más regular en todos los niveles.  Conclusión:  el sistema PUI fue más eficaz, seguido del UI. La eficacia de los sistemas de activación utilizados disminuye conforme se incrementa la profundidad de trabajo.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Introduction:  this study aimed to compare the efficacy of two different endodontic activation systems in removing debris from the mesial canals of mandibular molars across root thirds.  Methods:  the mesial canals of fifteen human mandibular first molars were prepared with files, irrigated with 2.5 % sodium hypochlorite and 17 % EDTA, and divided into three groups (n=5) based on the type of activation: Control (activation with master cone), Ultrasound Irrigation (UI), and Ultra X (Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation - PUI). The roots were sectioned into thirds (cervical, mid, and apical), exposing root canals, and prepared for scanning electron microscopy. A total of 135 microphotographs (3 microphotographs for each root level) were obtained. To determine the most effective activation system, three calibrated endodontic specialists evaluated all images. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test (95 %).  Results:  the PUI system demonstrated the highest efficacy, followed by UI, while the control was the least efficient (p&lt;0.001). Significant differences were found between PUI and the other systems at each root level: Control (p=0.039), UI (p=0.327), and PUI (p=0.024). Root canal cleaning decreased from cervical to apical in all groups, with the UI group showing a more regular cleaning pattern at all levels.  Conclusion:  the PUI system was the most effective, followed by UI. The efficacy of the activation systems decreased as the working depth increased.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[smear layer]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[edetic acid]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[ultrasonics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[root canal preparation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[endodontic]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[capa de barro dentinario]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ácido edético]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ultrasonido]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[preparación del conducto radicular]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[endodoncia]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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