<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0121-246X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Facultad de Odontología Universidad de Antioquia]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev Fac Odontol Univ Antioq]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0121-246X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Antioquia ]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0121-246X2024000100085</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17533/udea.rfo.v36n1a8</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Application of the grading system for dental casts and panoramic radiographs - ABO/OGS in orthodontics: a topic review]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castaño-Duque]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sandra Patricia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández-Pantoja]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Andrés Felipe]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lemos-Torres]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Inés]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Antioquia  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad El Bosque  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad El Bosque  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>36</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>85</fpage>
<lpage>97</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0121-246X2024000100085&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0121-246X2024000100085&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0121-246X2024000100085&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen La evaluación de los resultados del tratamiento ortodóntico ha sido estudiada en los últimos años por clínicos e investigadores a través del examen intraoral o el uso de índices, como el Grading System for Dental Casts and Panoramic Radiographs System (CRE). Se realizó una búsqueda de la literatura en diferentes bases de datos como Pubmed (MEDLINE), Embase, Lilacs, Cochrane y otras fuentes, con el uso de palabras claves y operadores booleanos. Las referencias que cumplieron los criterios de búsqueda y el examen de los investigadores fueron obtenidas en texto completo, clasificados y analizados para recopilar información de las 4 temáticas planteadas: 1. CRE (ABO/OGS) en la evaluación de la calidad de resultados, 2. CRE (ABO/OGS) y otros índices en la evaluación, 3. Implementación digital CRE (ABO/OGS), 4. Implementación regional CRE (ABO/OGS). Fueron encontrados 103 artículos, de los cuales 52 fueron seleccionados, a partir de estos se observó el uso del CRE a nivel mundial, mostrando ser una herramienta versátil en múltiples campos, como el análisis del manejo terapéutico, tipo de aparatología utilizada, medición de estabilidad, desempeño de servicios universitarios y privados, entre otras temáticas, orientadas a conocer el resultado del tratamiento ortodóntico; su uso conjunto con otros índices parece ser un complemento que permitiría analizar variables dentales, esqueléticas y faciales no contempladas. La implementación digital del CRE (ABO/OGS), OGS muestra ser una herramienta prometedora que tras ajustes puede traer ventajas en el análisis de resultados. Así mismo, se ha encontrado que el uso del CRE(ABO/OGS) dentro de las universidades ha generado la mejoría de los resultados de los tratamientos al compararse en el tiempo.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT In the last years, clinicians and researchers have evaluated orthodontic treatment outcomes through intraoral examination or the use of indices. One of the most frequently used indices is the Grading System for Dental Casts and Panoramic Radiographs System (CRE). A literature search was carried out in different databases such as PubMed, Embase, Lilacs, Cochrane, and other sources, through a structured strategy using keywords and Boolean operators. The references that met the search criteria and the researchers' examination were obtained in full text, classified, and analyzed to collect information on the 4 set out topics: 1. CRE (ABO/OGS) in the evaluation of the quality of results, 2. CRE (ABO/OGS) and other indices, 3. CRE (ABO/OGS) digital implementation, 4. CRE (ABO/OGS) regional implementation. 103 articles were found, of which 52 were selected. The use of CRE worldwide was observed, showing that it is a versatile tool in multiple fields, such as analysis of therapeutic management, type of equipment used, measurement stability, performance of university and private services, among other topics aimed at knowing the result of orthodontic treatment. From other part, its use along with other indices seems to be a complement that would allow analysis of dental, skeletal, and facial variables not contemplated. The digital implementation of the CRE (ABO/OGS) shows to be a promising tool that after adjustments can bring advantages in the analysis of results. Likewise, it has been found that the use of CRE (ABO/OGS) within universities has generated improvement in treatment results when compared over time.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[treatment outcome]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[duration of therapy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[orthodontics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[orthodontic appliances fixed]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[resultado del tratamiento]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[duración de la terapia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ortodoncia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[aparatos ortodóncicos fijos]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Safavi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eslamian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tahmasbi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mahdian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Motamedian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SR]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Treatment outcome assessment by orthodontists: attitude and practice]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Islam Dent Assoc Iran]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>117-25</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>The American Board of Orthodontics</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Grading system for dental cast and panoramic radiographs. Missouri: ABO]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Casko]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vaden]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kokich]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Damone]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[James]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cangialosi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Objective grading system for dental casts and panoramic radiographs: American Board of Orthodontics]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>114</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>589-99</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Murakami]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Deguchi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hashimoto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Imai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Miyawaki]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Takano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Need for training sessions for orthodontists in the use of the American Board of Orthodontics objective grading system]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>132</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>427.e1-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Deguchi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Honjo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fukunaga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Miyawaki]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roberts]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Takano-Yamamoto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Clinical assessment of orthodontic outcomes with the peer assessment rating, discrepancy index, objective grading system, and comprehensive clinical assessment]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>127</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>434-43</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alava Loor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Evaluación de los tratamientos terminados según los parámetros de la American Board Of Orthodontics en pacientes atendidos en la Clínica de Postgrado de Ortodoncia de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Guayaquil periodo 2013-2015, 2017]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Ecuador ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Guayaquil]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tijerina Garza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DL]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Medición de modelos terminados en el Posgrado de Ortodoncia de la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León bajo los criterios del Board Americano fase III]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nuevo León]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mejías]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jesús]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Identification of clinical Outcomes from University Of Carabobo orthodontic residency program based on American Board of Orthodontic cast criteria]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista odontológica de los andes]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coronel Mendoza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Efectividad del tratamiento de ortodoncia con brackets de autoligado vs brackets con ligadura elastomérica]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Quito ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Central del Ecuador]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cardier Gonzalez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santacoloma Jiménez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valenzuela Peña]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marti&#769;nez León]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Análisis del estado final de alineación dental y oclusión de los tratamientos ortodóncicos realizados en la Pontificia Universidad Javeriana evaluado mediante el Sistema de Calificación Objetiva (índice OGS) de 2015 a 2016]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Javeriana]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Restrepo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peláez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tadlock]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LP]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[IBC: Índice Board CES]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev CES Odont]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>27</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>106-17</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Knierim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roberts]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hartsfield]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Assessing treatment outcomes for a graduate orthodontics program: follow-up study for the classes of 2001-2003]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>130</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>648.e1-e11</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brown]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PN]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kulbersh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kaczynski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Clinical outcomes assessment of consecutively finished patients in a 24-month orthodontic residency: a 5-year perspective]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>139</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>665-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cook]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Harris]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vaden]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JL]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Comparison of university and private-practice orthodontic treatment outcomes with the American Board of Orthodontics objective grading system]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Dentofacial Orthod Dentofacial Orthop]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>127</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>707-12</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Djeu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shelton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maganzini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Outcome assessment of Invisalign and traditional orthodontic treatment compared with the American Board of Orthodontics objective grading system]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>128</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>292-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A comparison of treatment effectiveness between clear aligner and fixed appliance therapies]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMC Oral Health]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>17.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The effectiveness of the Invisalign appliance in extraction cases using the ABO model grading system: a multicenter randomized controlled trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int J Clin Exp Med]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>8276-82</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>18.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Song]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GY]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baumrind]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ding]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Validation of the American Board of Orthodontics Objective Grading System for assessing the treatment outcomes of Chinese patients]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>144</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>391-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>19.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marques]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Freitas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pereira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramos-Jorge]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ML]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Quality of orthodontic treatment performed by orthodontists and general dentists]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Angle Orthod]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>82</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>102-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<label>20.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abei]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nelson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Amberman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hans]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MG]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Comparing orthodontic treatment outcome between orthodontists and general dentists with the ABO index.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>126</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>544-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<label>21.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Neoh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Komoltri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Viwattanatipa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Treatment outcome differences between pass and fail scores and correlation between cephalometric changes and cast-radiograph evaluation of the American Board of Orthodontics]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Orthod Sci]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<label>22.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Papageorgiou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SN]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Höchli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eliades]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Outcomes of comprehensive fixed appliance orthodontic treatment: a systematic review with meta-analysis and methodological overview]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Korean J Orthod]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>47</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>401-13</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<label>23.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Farhandian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Miresmaeili]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Soltani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MK]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Comparison of extraction and non-extraction orthodontic treatment using the Objective Grading System]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Dent (Tehran)]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>91-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<label>24.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Akinci Cansunar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Uysal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Comparison of orthodontic treatment outcomes in nonextraction, 2 maxillary premolar extraction, and 4 premolar extraction protocols with the American Board of Orthodontics objective grading system]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J OrthodDentofacial Orthop]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>145</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>595-602</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<label>25.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Papageorgiou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SN]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tilen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vandevska-Radunovic]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eliades]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Occlusal outcome after orthodontic treatment with preadjusted straight-wire and standard edgewise appliances]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Orofac Orthop]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>82</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>321-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<label>26.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jain]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Varghese]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mascarenhas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mogra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shetty]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dhakar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Assessment of clinical outcomes of Roth and MBT bracket prescription using the American Board of Orthodontics Objective Grading System]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Contemp Clin Dent]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>307-12</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<label>27.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Detterline]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Isikbay]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brizendine]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kula]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KS]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Clinical outcomes of 0.018-inch and 0.022-inch bracket slot using the ABO Objective grading system]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Angle Orthod]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>80</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>528-32</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<label>28.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Struble]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Comparison of prospectively and retrospectively selected American Board of Orthodontics cases]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Orthodontics Dentofacial Orthop]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>137</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>6.e1-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<label>29.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chaison]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ET]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tuncay]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[OC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The quality of treatment in the adult orthodontic patient as judged by orthodontists and measured by the Objective Grading System.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>139</volume>
<numero>^s4</numero>
<issue>^s4</issue>
<supplement>4</supplement>
<page-range>S69-75</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<label>30.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chung]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tadlock]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barone]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pangrazio-Kulbersh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sabott]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Foley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PF]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[American Board of Orthodontics: time for change]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>153</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>321-3</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<label>31.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nett]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Long-term posttreatment changes measured by the American Board of Orthodontics objective grading system]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am Journal Orthod Dentofacial Orthop]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>127</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>444-50</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<label>32.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kuncio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maganzini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shelton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Freeman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Invisalign and traditional orthodontic treatment postretention outcomes compared using the American Board of Orthodontics Objective grading system]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Angle Orthod]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>77</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>864-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<label>33.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Julien]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kesterke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Buschang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PH]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Differences in finished case quality between Invisalign and traditional fixed appliances]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Angle Orthod]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>92</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>173-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<label>34.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Onyeaso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CO]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Begole]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Relationship between index of complexity, outcome and need, dental aesthetic index, peer assessment rating index, and American Board of Orthodontics objective grading system]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>131</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>248-52</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<label>35.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chalabi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Preston]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Al-Jewair]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tabbaa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A comparison of orthodontic treatment outcomes using the Objective Grading System (OGS) and the Peer Assessment Rating (PAR) index&#8217;]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Aust Orthod J]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>157-64</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<label>36.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kook]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baek]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Comparison of treatment outcome assessment for Class I Malocclusion patients: peer assessment rating versus American Board of Orthodontics-Objective Grading System]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Periodontal Implant Sci.]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>6-15</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<label>37.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pinskaya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[YB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hsieh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roberts]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hartsfield]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Comprehensive clinical evaluation as an outcome assessment for a graduate orthodontics program]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>126</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>533-43</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<label>38.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Al-Jewair]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ryan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Warunek]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Orthodontic treatment characteristics and outcomes in an educational setting]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int J Dent]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<label>39.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hsieh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pinskaya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roberts]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WE]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Assessment of orthodontic treatment outcomes: early treatment versus late treatment]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Angle Orthod]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>75</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>162-70</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<label>40.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CQ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roberts]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hartsfield]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ofner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Treatment complexity index for assessing the relationship of treatment duration and outcomes in a graduate orthodontics clinic]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>133</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>9e.1-13</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<label>41.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Campbell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roberts]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hartsfield]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Qi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Treatment outcomes in a graduate orthodontic clinic for cases defined by the American Board of Orthodontics malocclusion categories]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>132</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>822-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<label>42.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pulfer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Drake]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maupome]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eckert]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roberts]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WE]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The association of malocclusion complexity and orthodontic treatment outcome]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Angle Orthod]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>79</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>468-72</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<label>43.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cansunar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Uysal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Relationship between pretreatment case complexity and orthodontic clinical outcomes determined by the American Board of Orthodontics criteria]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Angle Orthod]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>84</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>974-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B44">
<label>44.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Viwattanatipa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Buapuean]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Komoltri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Relationship between discrepancy index and the objective grading system in Thai board of orthodontics patients]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Orthod Waves]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>75</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>54-63</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B45">
<label>45.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[AlQatami]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alouini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Knösel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Helms]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schwestka-Polly]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Objective treatment outcome assessment of a completely customized lingual appliance: a retrospective study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int Orthod]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>445-52.</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B46">
<label>46.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Okunami]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kusnoto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BeGole]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Evans]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sadowsky]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fadavi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>131</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>51-6.</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B47">
<label>47.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Costalos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sarraf]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cangialosi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Efstratiadis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evaluation of the accuracy of digital model analysis for the American Board of Orthodontics objective grading system for dental casts.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>128</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>624-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B48">
<label>48.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hildebrand]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Palomo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Palomo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sivik]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hans]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evaluation of a software program for applying the American Board of Orthodontics objective grading system to digital casts.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>133</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>283-28</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B49">
<label>49.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rossini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Parrini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castroflorio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Deregibus]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Debernardi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CL]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Diagnostic accuracy and measurement sensitivity of digital models for orthodontic purposes: a systematic review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>149</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>161-70</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B50">
<label>50.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Miranda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PMB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernandes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LQP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sevillano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MGC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carvalho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FAR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Capelli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Reliability of a digital system for models measurements in BBO grading: a pilot study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Dental Press J Orthod]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>27</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B51">
<label>51.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Burgos-Arcega]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Scougall-Vilchis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morales-Valenzuela]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hegazy-Hassan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lara-Carrillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toral-Rizo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VH]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Agreement of the discrepancy index obtained using digital and manual techniques: a comparative study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Appl Sci]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B52">
<label>52.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dragstrem]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Galang-Boquiren]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MTS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Obrez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Costa Viana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Grubb]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kusnoto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Accuracy of digital American Board of Orthodontics discrepancy index measurements]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>148</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>60-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B53">
<label>53.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barbosa Lis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zapata Noreña]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carvajal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Franco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodriguez Aguirre]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Resultado de tratamientos ortodóncicos y su relación con la complejidad de la maloclusión]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int J Odontostomat]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>201-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B54">
<label>54.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carvajal-Flórez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barbosa-Lis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zapata-Noreña]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[OA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marín-Velásquez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Afanador-Bayona]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SA.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Orthodontic treatment outcomes obtained by application of a finishing protocol]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Dental Press J Orthod]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>88-94</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B55">
<label>55.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zapata-Noreña]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carvajal-Flórez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barbosa-Liz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Orthodontic treatment results evaluated for individual teeth according to the Objective Grading System]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J World Fed Orthod]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>6-10</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B56">
<label>56.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Camargo Prada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Niño Espinel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Olaya Gamboa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ER]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Serrano Ospina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Evaluación en la calidad de los tratamientos de ortodoncia finalizados por los estudiantes de la Especialización de Ortodoncia de la Universidad Santo Tomás según los parámetros ABO]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bucaramanga ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Santo Tomas]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B57">
<label>57.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carvajal Flórez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barbosa Liz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zapata Noreña]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marín]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Afanador]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Plaza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SP]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Relationship between OGS score and smile type and arch]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Científica Sociedad de Ortodoncia]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>47-55</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
