<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0121-3709</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[ORINOQUIA]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Orinoquia]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0121-3709</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto de Investigaciones de la Orinoquia Colombiana]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0121-37092019000100073</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22579/20112629.544</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Cambios en los niveles de nutrientes en solución hidropónica de espinaca baby (Spinacia oleracea L.), para su futura aplicación en acuapónia]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Changes in nutrient levels in hydroponic solution of baby spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.), for future application in aquaponics]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Mudanças nos níveis de nutrientes em solução hidropônica de spinaca baby (Spinacia oleracea L.), para sua futura aplicação na acuapónia]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Riaño-Castillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Edna R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caicedo-Gegén]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lida]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torres-Mesa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hurtado-Giraldo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Hernán]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gómez-Ramírez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Edwin]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Militar Nueva Granada  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Zipaquirá Cajicá]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Militar Nueva Granada  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Zipaquirá Cajicá]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Militar Nueva Granada  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Zipaquirá Cajicá]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Santander Grupo de Neurociencia ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Militar Nueva Granada  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Zipaquirá Cajicá]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>73</fpage>
<lpage>84</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0121-37092019000100073&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0121-37092019000100073&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0121-37092019000100073&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen La espinaca es una planta de alto valor nutricional, mostrando gran acogida en su presentación &#8220;baby&#8221;. La producción en hidroponía está limitada por la solución nutritiva, siendo la acuaponía un potencial complemento a este factor limitante. El objetivo de esta investigación fue definir los cambios de niveles de nutrientes en la solución hidropónica en espinaca baby. Se trabajó con 24 plántulas de espinaca en hidroponía de cama flotante usando solución &#8220;La Molina&#8221; en tanques de 50 L; se realizaron 5 repeticiones y 3 réplicas. Para cada réplica se cosechó cada tres semanas, registrando semanalmente variables fisicoquímicas de la solución. Además, se llevó a cabo un muestreo al inicio y final de cada réplica, evaluando las siguientes variables: número y longitud de hojas, área foliar, peso fresco y seco de la parte aérea. Se obtuvo en orden descendiente la siguiente extracción de macronutriente: N&gt;K+&gt;Ca2+&gt;P y micronutrientes: Mn2+&gt;Fe2+. Durante el ciclo de cultivo el pH de la solución osciló entre 6.00-6.97, el oxígeno disuelto entre 4.93-7.54 mg/L y la conductividad disminuyó constantemente a lo largo del ciclo, inició en 1558-1592 µS/cm y finalizó entre 1140-1275 µS/cm. Se obtuvo un TCC= 0.00002-0.00003 g/cm2/día; TRC=0.16, 0.15 y 0.14 g/g/día y TAN=0.006, 0.005 y 0.006 g/cm2/día para las réplicas 1, 2 y 3, respectivamente. Este estudio revela que esta planta podría tener buenos rendimientos en un sistema acuapónico, especialmente por los requerimientos de N, Ca2+&gt;P, no obstante, se deberían adicionar bajas cantidades de algunos micronutrientes, que suelen ser escasos en los sistemas acuapónicos.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Baby spinach has a high nutritional value, and good entry in specialized markets. Its hydroponic production is limited by nutrient solution, and the aquaponic systems can avoid this limitation. The goal in this work was to evaluate nutrient level changes in hydroponic solution during baby spinach crop. 24 spinach plants were planted in 50 L tanks in floating hydroponic beds, using a modified &#8220;La Molina&#8221; nutrient solution. They were carried out 5 replications and 3 harvest. Water physicochemical values were registered every week, and plants were harvested after three weeks. Plant samples were also taken before planting (initial time) and after three weeks. Number of leaves, leaf length, leaf area, fresh and dry weight of the aerial part of each plant were recorded. The macronutrient extraction was obtained in descending order: N&gt; P&gt;K+&gt; Ca2+ and micronutrients: Mn2+&gt;Fe2+. pH values were maintained between 6.00-6.97, and DO levels were 4.93-7.54 mg/L. Initial conductivity was about 1558-1592 µS/cm and finally diminished to 1140-1275 µS/cm. CGR= 0.00002-0.00003 g/cm2/day; RGR=0.16, 0.15 y 0.14 g/g/day and NAR=0.006, 0.005 y 0.006 g/cm2/day for replica 1, 2 and 3 respectively. This study reveals that this plant could have good field performance in aquaponic system, especially due to the requirements of N, Ca2+&gt;P, however low amounts of some micronutrients should be added, which are usually scarce in aquaponic systems]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo O espinafre é uma planta de alto valor nutricional, apresentando grande aceitação em sua apresentação &#8220;baby&#8221;. A produção de hidroponia é limitada pela solução nutritiva, com a aquaponia sendo um complemento potencial para esse fator limitante. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi definir as alterações dos níveis de nutrientes na solução hidropônica em espinafre bebê. Trabalhamos com 24 mudas de espinafre em hidroponia de leito flutuante usando solução &#8220;La Molina&#8221; em tanques de 50 L; 5 repetições e 3 repetições foram realizadas. Para cada replicação, foi colhida a cada três semanas, registrando-se variáveis &#8203;&#8203;físico-químicas semanais da solução. Além disso, foi realizada uma amostragem no início e no final de cada réplica, avaliando-se as seguintes variáveis: número e comprimento de folhas, área foliar, massa fresca e seca da parte aérea. A seguinte extração de macronutrientes foi obtida em ordem decrescente: N&gt; K +&gt; Ca2 +&gt; P e micronutrientes: Mn2 +&gt; Fe2 +. Durante o ciclo de cultivo, o pH da solução variou entre 6,00-6,97, o oxigênio dissolvido entre 4,93-7,54 mg/L e a condutividade diminuiu constantemente ao longo do ciclo, começando em 1558-1592 µS/cm e terminando entre 1140-1275 µS/cm. Obteve-se um TCC = 0,00002-0,00003 g / cm2 / dia; CRT = 0,16, 0,15 e 0,14 g / g / dia e TAN = 0,006, 0,005 e 0,006 g / cm2 / dia para os replicados 1, 2 e 3, respectivamente. Este estudo revela que esta planta pode ter bons rendimentos em um sistema aquapônico, especialmente por causa das exigências de N, Ca2+&gt;P, porém pequenas quantidades de alguns micronutrientes devem ser adicionadas, que geralmente são escassas em sistemas aquapônicos.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[acuaponía]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[sistema de balsa flotante]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[parámetros productivos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[solución nutritiva]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Spinacia oleracea L]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[aquaponics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[raft system]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[nutrient solution]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Spinacia oleracea L]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[aquaponia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[sistema de jangada flutuante]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[solução nutritiva]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Spinacia oleracea L]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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