<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0121-4004</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Vitae]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Vitae]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0121-4004</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Facultad de Química Farmacéutica, Universidad de Antioquia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0121-40042021000200003</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17533/udea.vitae.v28n2a343923</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Vascular interactions of Croton schiedeanus major flavonoids in isolated aortic rings from Wistar rats]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Interacciones vasculares de los principales flavonoides de Croton schiedeanus en anillos aislados de aorta de ratas Wistar]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ortiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alejandra Paola]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Puebla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Pilar]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guerrero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mario Francisco]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Colombia Faculty of Sciences Department of Pharmacy]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bogotá D.C. ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Salamanca Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Salamanca ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Colombia Faculty of Sciences Department of Pharmacy]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bogotá D.C. ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>28</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0121-40042021000200003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0121-40042021000200003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0121-40042021000200003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Background:  Ayanin (3,7,4'-Tri-O-methylquercetin) and 3,7-Di-O-methylquercetin (DMQ) are the main active metabolites isolated by bioguided fractionation from Croton schiedeanus, species known popularly in Colombia as &#8220;almizclillo&#8221;, which has been studied in experimental models in rats, exerting vasodilator and antihypertensive effects. Also, when the effect of these flavonoids was studied separately, important vasodilation was observed.  Objective:  To evaluate whether flavonoids from Croton schiedeanus have synergistic vasodilator properties when different combinations are used in isolated aorta rings.  Methods:  Cumulative concentrations of ayanin (10-8 M - 6x10-5 M or 0.01 µM - 60 µM) were assayed in the absence and presence of an increasing concentration of 3,7-Di-O-methylquercetin (DMQ) (10-8 - 3x10-5 M or 0.01-30 µM) in isolated rings from Wistar rats, pre-contracted with phenylephrine. The concentration-response curve with the maximal effect was compared with that obtained by Croton schiedeanus whole ethanolic extract (10-6 - 3x10-4 g/mL). Also, this combination was assayed in the presence of the nitric oxide synthetase inhibitor L-NAME (10-4 M) and the guanylate cyclase inhibitor methylene blue (10-4 M) to assess the role of the NO/cGMP pathway in this interaction.  Results:  Ayanin and DMQ display a dual interaction in vascular relaxant response: agonism at higher concentration ranges (10-6 - 3x10-5 M or 1-30 µM), and antagonism at lower concentration ranges (10-8 - 3x10-7 M or 0.01-0.3 µM). The efficacy at the highest concentration was greater than that obtained by the whole extract (Emax: 98.4% vs. 33.9%). This response was decreased but not reverted in the presence of L-NAME and methylene blue. Thus, the vasodilator effect of this combination does not depend entirely on the NO/cGMP cyclic pathway.  Conclusion:  The combined use of appropriate concentrations of these flavonoids could represent an advantage over Croton schiedeanus whole extract for vasodilator purposes.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Antecedentes:  Ayanina (3,7,4&#8217;-Tri-O-metilquercetina) y 3,7-Di-O-metilquercetina (DMQ) son los principales metabolitos activos aislados mediante fraccionamiento bioguiado, a partir de Croton schiedeanus, especie conocida popularmente en Colombia como &#8220;almizclillo&#8221;, la cual ha sido estudiada en modelos experimentales en ratas, ejerciendo efectos antihipertensivos y vasodilatadores. Además, al estudiar por separado el efecto de los flavonoides, se observó importante vasodilatación.  Objetivo:  Evaluar si los principales flavonoides de Croton schiedeanus tienen propiedades vasodilatadoras sinérgicas al utilizar diferentes combinaciones de ellos en anillos de aorta aislados.  Metodología:  Se analizaron concentraciones acumulativas de ayanina (10-8 M - 6x10-5 M o 0.01 µM - 60 µM) en ausencia y en presencia de concentraciones crecientes de DMQ (10-8 M - 3x10-5 M o 0.01 µM - 30 µM) en anillos aislados de ratas Wistar, pre-contraídos con fenilefrina. La curva concentración respuesta obtenida con el efecto máximo, fue comparada con la obtenida con el extracto etanólico de Croton schiedeanus (10-6 - 3x10-4 g/mL). Adicionalmente, esta combinación fue ensayada en presencia del inhibidor de óxido nítrico sintetasa L-NAME (10-4 M) y el inhibidor de guanilato ciclasa, azul de metileno (10-4 M) para evaluar el papel de la vía NO/GMPc en esta interacción.  Resultados:  Ayanina y DMQ muestran una interacción dual en la respuesta vascular relajante: agonismo en el rango más alto (10-6 M - 3x10-5 M o 1 µM - 30 µM), y antagonismo en el rango más bajo (10-8 M - 3x10-7 M o 0.01 µM - 0.3 µM). A altas concentraciones, la eficacia de los flavonoides fue mayor que las obtenidas por el extracto completo (Emáx: 98.4% vs 33.9%). Esta respuesta disminuyó, pero no se revirtió en presencia de L-NAME y azul de metileno. Por lo tanto, el efecto vasodilatador de esta combinación no depende enteramente de la vía NO/GMPc.  Conclusión:  El uso combinado de las concentraciones apropiadas de estos flavonoides podría representar una ventaja sobre el extracto de Croton schiedeanus, con propósitos vasodilatadores.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Ayanin]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Flavonoid]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Nitric oxide]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Guanylate cyclase]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Synergism]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Croton]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Ayanina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Flavonoide]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Óxido nítrico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Guanilato ciclasa]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Sinergismo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Croton]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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