<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0121-4470</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Momento]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Momento]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0121-4470</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional de Colombia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0121-44702020000100055</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15446/mo.n60.84228</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[levitation and suspension forces measurement system for high tc superconductors]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[sistema de medición de fuerzas de levitación y suspensión para superconductores de alta tc]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rojas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arias]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Diego A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alvaro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Colombia Facultad de Ciencias Departamento de Física]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>60</numero>
<fpage>55</fpage>
<lpage>66</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0121-44702020000100055&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0121-44702020000100055&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0121-44702020000100055&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The interaction forces, attraction (suspension) and repulsion (levitation) between a permanent magnet and different bulk Yttrium-based superconductors were carried out with an automatic system developed in our group, which is reproducible, reliable and low cost. Two superconducting samples of YBa2Cu3O7_¿ (YBCO) prepared by solid-state reaction method (S) and by the melt-textured growth method (MTG) were used. Both samples were characterized by XRD technique and presented the characteristic peaks and intensity relations of the YBCO-123 superconducting phase. Oxygen deficiencies &#948; &gt; 0,15 and &#948; &lt; 0,10 for the S and MTG samples respectively, were observed. Both samples displayed different hysteresis behavior in the Force (F) vs. Distance (z) measurements when they were field cooled (FC) and zero field cooled (ZFC). This behavior agrees with hysteresis loops observed in magnetization measurements. Both levitation and suspension phenomena were observed in the MTG sample with large hysteresis loops of the force. On the contrary, the S sample with small hysteresis loops did not show a suspension force, only displayed a slight levitation force.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Las fuerzas de interacción, atracción (suspensión) y repulsión (levitación) entre un iman permanente y diferentes muestras superconductoras basadas en Ytrio fueron realizadas con un sistema automóatico desarrollado en nuestro grupo, el cual es reproducible, confiable y de bajo costo. Dos muestras superconductoras de YBa2Cu3O7-&#948; (YBCO) preparadas por el método de reacción de estado sólido (S) y por el método de texturizado y fundido (MTG) fueron usadas. Las dos muestras fueron caracterizadas por la tecnica de difracción de rayos X en polvo y presentaron los picos característicos y relaciones de intensidad de la fase superconductora del YBCO-123. Se observaron deficiencias de oxígeno de &#948; &gt; 0,15 y &#948; &lt; 0,10 para las muestras S y MTG respectivamente. Ambas muestras mostraron diferentes comportamientos de histéresis en las medidas de Fuerza (F) vs. Distancia (z) cuando se enfriaron con campo (FC) y sin campo (ZFC) magnetico. Este comportamiento está de acuerdo con los bucles de histéresis observados en las medidas de magnetización. Tanto el fenómeno de levitación como el de suspensión fueron observados en la muestra MTG con un bucle de histéresis grande en la fuerza. Por otra parte, la muestra S con bucles de histéresis pequeños no mostró fuerza de suspensión, solo mostró una leve fuerza de levitación.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[YBCO superconductors]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[levitation-suspension forces]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[forces measurement system]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Superconductores YBCO]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[fuerzas de levitación y suspensión]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[sistema de medición de fuerzas]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>[1]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Poole]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Prozorov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Farach]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Creswick]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Superconductivity]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<edition>3</edition>
<page-range>334-6</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Elsevier Inc]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>[2]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Matsushita]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Flux Pinning in Superconductors]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<page-range>20</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Springer-Verlag]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>[3]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Saxena]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hull]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Osgood]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Parisi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Warlimont]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[High-Temperature Superconductors]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Springer-Verlag]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>[4]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bardeen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cooper]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schrieffer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Physical Review]]></source>
<year>1957</year>
<volume>108</volume>
<page-range>1175</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>[5]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ginzburg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[On Superconductivity and Superfluidity: A Scientific Autobiography]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<page-range>113</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Springer-Verlag]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>[6]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bean]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Phys. Rev. Lett]]></source>
<year>1962</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<page-range>250</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>[7]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bean]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Rev. Mod. Phys]]></source>
<year>1964</year>
<volume>36</volume>
<page-range>31</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>[8]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[LeBlanc]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[LeBlanc]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. A. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Phys. Rev. B]]></source>
<year>1992</year>
<volume>45</volume>
<page-range>5443</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>[9]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y. B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hempstead]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Strnad]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Phys. Rev. Lett]]></source>
<year>1962</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<page-range>306</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>[10]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y. B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hempstead]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Strnad]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Phys. Rev]]></source>
<year>1963</year>
<volume>129</volume>
<page-range>528</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>[11]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Navau]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Del-Valle]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sanchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>23</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>[12]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nagashima]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Seino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sakai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Murakami]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Physica C: Superconductivity]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>469</volume>
<page-range>1244</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>[13]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Han]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Park]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jung]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Han]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Superconductivity]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>483</volume>
<page-range>156</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>[14]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Seino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yoshizawa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nagashima]]></surname>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Physica C: Superconductivity]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>494</volume>
<page-range>250</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>[15]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Byer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Begley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stewart]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Phys]]></source>
<year>1974</year>
<volume>42</volume>
<page-range>111</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>[16]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Physica C: Superconductivity]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>387-381</volume>
<page-range>809</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>[17]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Physica C: Superconductivity]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>455</volume>
<page-range>13</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>[18]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Deng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Physica C: Superconductivity]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>463-465</volume>
<page-range>1293</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>[19]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Deng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Materials Science and Engineering B]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>151</volume>
<page-range>117</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<label>[20]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Han]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<page-range>2249</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<label>[21]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cansiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yildizer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Cryogenics]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>63</volume>
<page-range>180</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<label>[22]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X.-Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.-H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Physica C: Superconductivity]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>467</volume>
<page-range>125</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<label>[23]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<page-range>2067</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<label>[24]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yuan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Physica C: Superconductivity]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>496</volume>
<page-range>39</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<label>[25]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Savaskan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Physica C: Superconductivity]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>502</volume>
<page-range>63</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<label>[26]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>P. R and S. V</collab>
<source><![CDATA[J Supercond Nov Magn]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<page-range>1439</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<label>[27]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Adler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Anderson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W. W.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J. Appl. Phys]]></source>
<year>1990</year>
<volume>68</volume>
<page-range>695</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<label>[28]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valenzuela]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. O.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jorge]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Am. J. Phys]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>67</volume>
<page-range>1001</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<label>[29]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gokay]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tepe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J. Phys.: Conf. Ser]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>153</volume>
<page-range>012011</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<label>[30]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Harabor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Ceramics International]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>45</volume>
<page-range>2899</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<label>[31]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nedeltcheva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Analytica Chimica Acta]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<volume>312</volume>
<page-range>223</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<label>[32]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Degoy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Physica C: Superconductivity]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<volume>256</volume>
<page-range>291</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<label>[33]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Georgieva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nedeltcheva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of the University of Chemical Technology &amp; Metallurgy]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>47</volume>
<page-range>91</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<label>[34]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yanoviak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ware]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Applied Physics Letters]]></source>
<year>1988</year>
<volume>52</volume>
<page-range>1534</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<label>[35]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jackson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Classical Electrodynamics]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<edition>3</edition>
<page-range>189</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[John Wiley &amp; Sons]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<label>[36]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Qin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. X.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brandt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Physical Review B: Condensed Matter]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>66</volume>
<page-range>024516</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
