<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0121-4772</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Cuadernos de Economía]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Cuad. Econ.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0121-4772</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional de Colombia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0121-47722018000200429</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15446/cuad.econ.v37n74.58077</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[MULTINATIONAL FIRMS AND THE CREATION OF TECHNOLOGICAL LINKAGES IN ITALY]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Las empresas multinacionales y la creación de vínculos tecnológicos en Italia]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="fr"><![CDATA[Entreprises multinationales et création de liens technologiques en Italie]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Empresas multinacionais e criação de ligações tecnológicas na Itália]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cozza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Claudio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zanfei]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Antonello]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Istituto Ricerche  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Urbino  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Urbino]]></addr-line>
<country>Italy</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>37</volume>
<numero>74</numero>
<fpage>429</fpage>
<lpage>442</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0121-47722018000200429&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0121-47722018000200429&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0121-47722018000200429&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Using empirical evidence from the Italian R&amp;D survey, we assess the ability of multinational firms in setting-up technological linkages (Extra-muros R&amp;D and R&amp;D cooperation). We have found that Italian multinationals are more prone to perform Extra-muros R&amp;D, while foreign multinationals are better at developing R&amp;D cooperation. However, when selecting only the linkages with local counter-parts, we find that foreign multinationals have no advantage vis-à-vis Italian firms; while multinationals still have some advantages in setting-up R&amp;D cooperation with local universities. Results suggest that foreign multinationals can generally exploit &#8220;economies of common governance&#8221; when setting-up technical linkages, but they face relative disadvantages in terms of embeddedness in local systems. JEL: F10, F23, O33.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Este artículo, con datos sobre I+D en Italia, mide la capacidad de las empresas multinacionales de crear enlaces tecnológicos (I+D Extra-muros y Cooperación en I+D). Se encuentra que las multinacionales italianas son más propensas en hacer I+D Extra-muros, mientras las multinacionales extranjeras desarrollan más la Cooperación en I+D. De todas formas, seleccionando solo a los aliados locales, se obtiene que las multinacionales extranjeras no tienen ventajas en comparación con las empresas italianas, salvo que en el caso de la Cooperación en I+D con universidades. Estos resultados implican que las empresas multinacionales pueden explotar economías de bienes comunes, pero tienen dificultades para integrarse a los sistemas locales. JEL: F10, F23, O33.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="fr"><p><![CDATA[Résumé À partir de données sur R&amp;D (en anglais I+D) en Italie, on mesure la capacité des entreprises multinationales de créer des liens technologiques (R&amp;D extra-muros et Coopération en R&amp;D). On observe que les multinationales italiennes sont plus enclines à faire R&amp;D extra-muros, alors que les multinationales étrangères développent davantage la Coopération en R&amp;D. De toute façon, si on sélectionne uniquement les partenaires locaux, on observe que les multinationales étrangères n&#8217;ont pas d&#8217;avantages par rapport aux entreprises italiennes, sauf dans le cas de la Coopération en R&amp;D avec des universités. Ces résultats impliquent que les entreprises multinationales peuvent exploiter des economies of common governance, mais ont des désavantages d&#8217;embeddedness (intégration) dans les systèmes locaux. JEL: F10, F23, O33.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo Este artigo, com dados sobre I + D na Itália, mede a capacidade das empresas multinacionais de criar vínculos tecnológicos (I + D Extramuros e Cooperação em I + D).Verifica-se que as multinacionais italianas são mais propensas a fazer I + D Extramuros, enquanto as multinacionais estrangeiras desenvolvem mais cooperação em I + D. Em qualquer caso, selecionando apenas os parceiros locais, você entende que as multinacionais estrangeiras não têm vantagens em comparação às empresas italianas, exceto no caso de cooperação em I + D com universidades. Esses resultados implicam que as empresas multinacionais podem explorar economias de governança comum, mas têm desvantagens de imersão nos sistemas locais. JEL: F10, F23, O33.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Multinational firms]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[R&amp;D]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[technological linkages]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[universities.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[empresas multinacionales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[I+D]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[enlaces tecnológicos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[universidades.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[entreprises multinationales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[R&amp;D (I+D)]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[liens technologiques]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[universités.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[empresas multinacionais]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[I+D]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[enlaces tecnológicos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[universidades.]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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