<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0121-4772</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Cuadernos de Economía]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Cuad. Econ.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0121-4772</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional de Colombia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0121-47722021000100137</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15446/cuad.econ.v40n82.80510</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[PRODUCTIVIDAD LABORAL Y COMPETITIVIDAD EXTERNA EN EL SECTOR MANUFACTURERO MEXICANO TRAS LA APERTURA COMERCIAL, 1996-2007]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Labour productivity and external competitiveness in the Mexican manufacturing sector after trade liberalization, 1996-2007.]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Produtividade do trabalho e competitividade externa no setor manufatureiro mexicano após a liberalização do comércio, 1996-2007.]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vázquez-López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Raúl]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>40</volume>
<numero>82</numero>
<fpage>137</fpage>
<lpage>164</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0121-47722021000100137&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0121-47722021000100137&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0121-47722021000100137&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN Este artículo tiene los objetivos de, por un lado, determinar si existió una relación significativa entre la evolución de la productividad laboral y la competitividad externa, en 88 actividades manufactureras mexicanas; por otro, caracterizar la competitividad exhibida en un periodo clave de transformación estructural. El cálculo de diversos indicadores encuentra evidencia de competitividad espuria, exportaciones crecientes no asociadas con mejoras en la productividad, concentradas en un número reducido de actividades. Finalmente, la metodología CAN muestra la ausencia de dinamismo competitivo en el sector y que las ganancias en las cuotas de mercado internacionales se dan en productos cuya participación en el comercio mundial disminuye. JEL: F14, L60, O14, O24.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT This paper has two objectives, to determine if there was a significant relationship between the evolution of labour productivity and the external competitiveness in 88 Mexican manufacturing activities, and to characterize the exhibited competitiveness in a key period of structural transformation. By calculating several indicators, we find evidence of a spurious competitiveness, increasing exports, not associated with improvements in labour productivity, and concentrated in a reduced number of activities. Finally, the CAN methodology shows the absence of dynamism in the sector's competitiveness, since the gains in the international market shares occur in products whose participation in world trade decreases. JEL: F14, L60, O14, O24.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[RESUMO Este artigo tem os objetivos de, por um lado, determinar se houve uma relação significativa entre a evolução da produtividade do trabalho e a competitividade externa, em 88 atividades manufatureiras mexicanas; por outro lado, caracterizar a competitividade exibida em um período chave de transformação estrutural. O cálculo de diversos indicadores encontra indícios de competitividade espúria, crescentes exportações não associadas a melhorias de produtividade, concentradas em número reduzido de atividades. Finalmente, a metodologia CAN mostra a ausência de dinamismo competitivo no setor e que os ganhos de participação no mercado internacional ocorrem em produtos cuja participação no comércio mundial diminui. JEL: F14, L60, O14, O24.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[competitividad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[productividad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[México]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[manufactura]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[exportaciones]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Competitiveness]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[productivity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Mexico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[manufacturing]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[exports]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[competitividade]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[produtividade]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[México]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[fabricação]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[exportações]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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