<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0121-5051</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Innovar]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Innovar]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0121-5051</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Facultad de Ciencias Económicas. Universidad Nacional de Colombia.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0121-50512022000200057</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15446/innovar.v32n84.99678</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Desconto hiperbólico e efeito magnitude nas decisões intertemporais? Evidências de uma survey com escolhas monetárias]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[HYPERBOLIC DISCOUNTING AND MAGNITUDE EFFECT IN INTERTEMPORAL CHOICES. EVIDENCE FROM A SURVEY WITH MONETARY DECISIONS]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[¿DESCUENTO HIPERBÓLICO Y EFECTO MAGNITUD EN LAS DECISIONES INTERTEMPORALES? EVIDENCIAS DE UNA SURVEY CON ESCOGENCIAS MONETARIAS]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="fr"><![CDATA[ACTUALISATION HYPERBOLIQUE ET EFFET DE MAGNITUDE SUR LES DÉCISIONS INTERTEMPORELLES ? PREUVE D'UNE ENQUÊTE AVEC DES CHOIX MONÉTAIRES]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pereira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Antonio Gualberto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Afonso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luís Eduardo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Federal da Bahia Salvador  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade de São Paulo São Paulo  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>32</volume>
<numero>84</numero>
<fpage>57</fpage>
<lpage>73</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0121-50512022000200057&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0121-50512022000200057&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0121-50512022000200057&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[RESUMO: O presente estudo busca responder às seguintes questões: há evidências de inconsistência intertemporal em decisões que envolvem o recebimento de valores monetários? As pessoas estão sujeitas ao efeito magnitude em decisões intertemporais que envolvem o recebimento de valores monetários? O objetivo deste artigo é identificar inconsistências em decisões intertemporais que envolvam o recebimento de recursos monetários em diferentes momentos. Parte-se do pressuposto que decisões intertemporais que envolvem montantes em dinheiro podem ser igualmente afetadas pelo efeito magnitude. Este é um achado robusto na literatura, tendo sido identificado em escolhas hipotéticas que envolvem dinheiro. Para abordar a questão, procedeu-se o cálculo da taxa de desconto implícita dos indivíduos e, em seguida, classificaram-se os indivíduos segundo o construto "impaciência". Foram utilizados cenários adaptados de Sutter et al. (2013). Na análise dos dados, foi empregado um teste não paramétrico para diferença de médias e identificadas as características mais relevantes dos respondentes da survey. Há evidências de comportamento inconsistente nas decisões intertemporais para os cenários apresentados, com ocorrência de impaciência crescente para intervalos de tempo deslocados para o futuro. Tal achado vai de encontro à literatura empírica sobre desconto hiperbólico. Paralelamente, observou-se a ocorrência do efeito magnitude, ratificando achados anteriores sobre quantias monetárias aplicadas a escolhas inter-temporais de longo prazo.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT: This study seeks to answer the following questions: Is there evidence of intertemporal inconsistency in the decisions that involve the reception of monetary values? Are people subject to the magnitude effect of intertemporal decisions that involve the reception of monetary values? In doing so, this research will try to identify inconsistencies in intertemporal choices involving the reception of monetary resources at different times, grounded in the premise that these type of decisions could also be affected by the so-called magnitude effect, a robust finding that has been identified for hypothetical choices involving money. To address this issue, we calculated the implicit discount rate of individuals and then classified these individuals based on the construct of "impatience." Adapted scenarios from the work by Sutter et al. (2013) were used for this research, whose data analysis phase involved non-parametric testing to differentiate medians and identify the most relevant characteristics of respondents. There is evidence of inconsistent behavior in intertemporal choices for the scenarios presented, with the occurrence of growing impatience for the intervals shifted into the future, a finding that goes against those of the empirical literature on hyperbolic discounting. In addition, the occurrence of the magnitude effect was proved, confirming previous research findings on monetary amounts applied to long-term intertemporal choices.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN: El estudio busca contestar a las siguientes cuestiones: ¿hay evidencias de inconsistencia intertemporal en decisiones que involucran la recepción de valores monetarios? ¿Están sujetas las personas al efecto magnitud en decisiones intertemporales que involucran la recepción de valores monetarios? El propósito del artículo es identificar inconsistencias en decisiones intertemporales que involucran la recepción de recursos monetarios en distintos momentos. Se parte de la premisa de que decisiones intertemporales que involucren montos en dinero pueden igualmente afectarse por el efecto magnitud. Este es un hallazgo robusto en la literatura, habiéndose identificado en escogencias hipotéticas que involucran dinero. Para abordar la cuestión, se realizó el cálculo de la tasa de descuento implícita de los individuos y, en seguida, se clasificaron los individuos según el constructo "impaciencia". Se utilizaron escenarios adaptados de Sutter et al. (2013). En el análisis de los datos, se empleó la prueba no paramétrica para diferenciar medianas e identificar las características más relevantes de los respondientes de la survey. Hay evidencias de conducta inconsistente en las decisiones intertemporales para los escenarios presentados, con ocurrencia de impaciente creciente para intervalos desplazados para el futuro. Tal hallazgo va en contra de la literatura empírica acerca del descuento hiperbólico. En paralelo, se observó la ocurrencia del efecto magnitud, ratificando hallazgos anteriores sobre montos monetarios aplicados a escogencias intertemporales de largo plazo.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="fr"><p><![CDATA[RÉSUMÉ: La présente étude cherche à répondre aux questions suivantes : existe-t-il des preuves d'incohérence intertemporelle dans les décisions impliquant la réception de valeurs monétaires ? Les gens sont-ils soumis à l'effet de magnitude dans les décisions intertemporelles impliquant la réception de valeurs monétaires ? Le but de cet article est d'identifier les incohérences dans les décisions intertemporelles qui impliquent la réception de ressources monétaires à des moments différents. On suppose que les décisions intertemporelles impliquant des sommes d'argent peuvent être également affectées par l'effet de magnitude. Il s'agit d'une constatation robuste dans la littérature, ayant été identifiée dans des choix hypothétiques impliquant de l'argent. Pour résoudre le problème, le taux d'actualisation implicite des individus a été calculé, puis les individus ont été classés selon le construit « impatience ». On a employé des scénarios adaptés de Sutter et al. (2013). Dans l'analyse des données, on a utilisé un test non paramétrique pour la différence des moyennes et on a identifié les caractéristiques les plus pertinentes des répondants à l'enquête. Il existe des preuves de comportement incohérent dans les décisions intertemporelles pour les scénarios présentés, avec une impatience croissante pour les intervalles de temps décalés vers le futur. Cette constatation est conforme à la littérature empirique sur l'actualisation hyperbolique. Dans le même temps, on a observé l'effet de magnitude, en confirmant les résultats antérieurs sur les montants monétaires appliqués aux choix intertemporels de long terme.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[inconsistência temporal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[preferências temporais]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[survey]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[recursos monetários]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[taxa de desconto]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Temporal inconsistency]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[temporal preferences]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[monetary resources]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[survey]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[discount rate]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[inconsistencia temporal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[preferencias temporales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[recursos monetarios]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[survey]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[tasa de descuento]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[incohérence temporelle]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[préférences temporelles]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[enquête]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[taux d'actualisation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[ressources monétaires]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Agranov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caplin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tergiman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Naive play and the process of choice in guessing games]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of the Economic Science Association]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>146-57</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ammerman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hartman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[DeMarco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Behavioral economics and the supplemental nutrition assistance program: Making the healthy choice the easy choice]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[American Journal of Preventive Medicine]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>52</volume>
<numero>2S2</numero>
<issue>2S2</issue>
<page-range>S145-50</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Andersen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Harrison]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lau]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rutström]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Discounting behaviour and the magnitude effect: Evidence from a field experiment in Denmark]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Economica]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>80</volume>
<numero>320</numero>
<issue>320</issue>
<page-range>670-97</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Andreoni]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gravert]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kuhn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Saccardo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Arbitrage or narrow bracketing? On using money to measure intertemporal preferences]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[National Bureau of Economic Research]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<page-range>25232</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Angerer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Glàtzle-Rutzler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lergetporer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sutter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Donations, risk attitudes and time preferences: A study on altruism in primary school children]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Economic Behavior &amp; Organization]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<numero>115</numero>
<issue>115</issue>
<page-range>67-74</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ballard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liatsis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aydogan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cohen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McClure]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[More is meaningful: The magnitude effect in intertemporal choice depends on self-control]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Psychological Science]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>28</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
<page-range>1443-54</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Benhabib]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bisin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schotter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Present-bias, quasi-hyperbolic discounting, and fixed costs]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Games and Economic Behavior]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>69</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>205-23</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bialaszek]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marcowski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ostaszewski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Risk inherent in delay accounts for magnitude effects in intertemporal decision making]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Current Psychology]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<numero>40</numero>
<issue>40</issue>
<page-range>1680-95</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bleichrodt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rohde]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. I]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A measurement of decreasing impatience for health and money]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Risk and Uncertainty]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>52</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>213-31</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bozio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Laroque]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[O'Dea]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Discount rate heterogeneity among older households: A puzzle?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Population Economics]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>647-80</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Branger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cordes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Langer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Don't ignore inflation ignorance: An experimental analysis of the degree of money illusion in intertemporal decision making]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Camargo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Braun]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rubert]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I. V. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Treter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Contabilidade mental e finanças comportamentais: estudo com colaboradores de uma empresa cerealista]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista da Universidade Vale do Rio Verde]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>65-91</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cohen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ericson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Laibson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[White]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Measuring time preferences National Bureau of Economic Research, Working Paper 22455]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cruz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muñoz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Measuring impatience in intertemporal choice]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[PloS One]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[DeHart]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W. B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The effects of financial education on impulsive decision making]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Friedel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[own]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Odum]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[PLoS ONE]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Paola]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gioia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Impatience and academic performance. Less effort and less ambitious goals]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Policy Modeling]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>39</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>443-60</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dittrich]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leipold]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Gender differences in time preferences]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Economics Letters]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>122</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>413-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dohmen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Falk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huffman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sunde]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The robustness and pervasiveness of sub-additivity in intertemporal choice. Working paper]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ericson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Laibson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Intertemporal choice]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bernheim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[DellaVigna]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Laibson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Handbook of Behavioral Economics - Foundations and Applications]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<page-range>1-67</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Elsevier/North-Holland]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ericson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Noor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Delay functions as the foundation of time preference: Testing for separable discounted utility]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[National Bureau of Economic Research, Working Paper 21095]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ericson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[White]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Laibson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cohen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Money earlier or later? Simple heuristics explain intertemporal choices better than delay discounting does]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Psychological Science]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>826-33</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Frakes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wasserman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Procrastination in the workplace: Evidence from the US patent office. National Bureau of Economic Research, Working Paper 22987]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Goda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Levy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Manchester]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sojourner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tasoff]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The role of time preferences and exponential-growth bias in retirement savings. National Bureau of Economic Research, Working Paper 21482]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Green]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fry]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Myerson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Discounting of delayed rewards: A life-span comparison]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Psychological Science]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>33-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Green]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Myerson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Holt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Slevin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Estle]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Discounting of delayed food rewards in pigeons and rats: Is there a magnitude effect?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>81</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>39-50</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Halevy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Time consistency: Stationarity and time invariance]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Econometrica]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>83</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>335-52</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hardisty]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Appelt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Weber]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. U]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Good or bad, we want it now: Fixed-cost present bias for gains and losses explains magnitude asymmetries in intertemporal choice]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Behavioral Decision Making]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>348-61</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hardisty]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fox-Glassman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Krantz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Weber]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. U]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[How to measure discount rates? An experimental comparison of three methods]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[SSRN]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hastings]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mitchell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O. S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[How financial literacy and impatience shape retirement wealth and investment behaviors]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Pension Economics &amp; Finance]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1-20</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huffman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maurer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mitchell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O. S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Time discounting and economic decision-making in the older population]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Journal of the Economics of Ageing]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<numero>14</numero>
<issue>14</issue>
<page-range>100-21</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Janssens]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kramer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Swart]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Be patient when measuring hyperbolic discounting: Stationarity, time consistency and time invariance in a field experiment]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Development Economics]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<numero>126</numero>
<issue>126</issue>
<page-range>77-90</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jones]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mahajan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Time-inconsistency and saving: Experimental evidence from low-income tax filers. National Bureau of Economic Research, Working paper 21272]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. -I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ikeda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Time discounting and smoking behavior: Evidence from a panel survey]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ikeda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kato]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ohtake]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tsutsui]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Behavioral Economics of Preferences, Choices, and Happiness]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<page-range>197-226</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Springer]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kettner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Waichman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Old age and prosocial behavior: Social preferences or experimental confounds?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Economic Psychology]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<numero>53</numero>
<issue>53</issue>
<page-range>118-30</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Laibson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Life-cycle consumption and hyperbolic discount functions]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[European Economic Review]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>42</volume>
<numero>3-5</numero>
<issue>3-5</issue>
<page-range>861-71</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lempert]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Phelps]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The malleability of intertemporal choice]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Trends in Cognitive Sciences]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>20</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>64-74</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Loewenstein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Out of control: Visceral influences on behavior.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<volume>65</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>272-92</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Loewenstein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Prelec]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Anomalies in intertemporal choice: Evidence and an interpretation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Quarterly Journal of Economics]]></source>
<year>1992</year>
<volume>107</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>573-97</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Loewenstein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thaler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Anomalies: Intertemporal choice]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Journal of Economic Perspectives]]></source>
<year>1989</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>181-93</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Love]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Phelan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Hyperbolic discounting and life-cycle portfolio choice]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Pension Economics &amp; Finance]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>492-524</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Luhrmann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Serra-Garcia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Winter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The impact of financial education on adolescents' intertemporal choices]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[American Economic Journal: Economic Policy]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>309-32</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muramatsu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fonseca]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Economia e psicologia na explicação da escolha intertemporal]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista de Economia Mackenzie]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>87-112</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[O'Donoghue]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rabin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Doing it now or later]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The American Economic Review]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>89</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>103-24</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B44">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Park]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Feigenbaum]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Bounded rationality, lifecycle consumption, and social security]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Economic Behavior &amp; Organization]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<page-range>65-105</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B45">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Perez-Arce]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The effect of education on time preferences]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Economics of Education Review]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<numero>56</numero>
<issue>56</issue>
<page-range>52-64</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B46">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Read]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Is time-discounting hyperbolic or subadditive?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Risk and Uncertainty]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>5-32</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B47">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Read]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roelofsma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Subadditive versus hyperbolic discounting: A comparison of choice and matching]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>91</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>140-53</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B48">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roeder]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Optimal taxes and pensions with myopic agents]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Social Choice and Welfare]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>42</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>597-618</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B49">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shavit]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rosenboim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Time preference before and after a risky activity: A field experiment]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Economic Psychology]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<numero>43</numero>
<issue>43</issue>
<page-range>30-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B50">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schreiber]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Weber]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Time inconsistent preferences and the annuitization decision]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Economic Behavior &amp; Organization]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<numero>129</numero>
<issue>129</issue>
<page-range>37-55</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B51">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shefrin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thaler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The behavioral life-cycle hypothesis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Economic Inquiry]]></source>
<year>1988</year>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>609-43</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B52">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Simon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Warner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pleeter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Discounting, cognition, and financial awareness: New evidence from a change in the military retirement system]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Economic Inquiry]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>53</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>318-34</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B53">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Strotz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Myopia and inconsistency in dynamic utility maximization]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Review of Economic Studies]]></source>
<year>1955</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>165-80</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B54">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sutter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kocher]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Glàtzle-Rutzler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Trautmann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Impatience and uncertainty: Experimental decisions predict adolescents' field behavior]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[American Economic Review]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>103</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>51031</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B55">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thaler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Some empirical evidence on dynamic inconsistency]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Economics Letters]]></source>
<year>1981</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>201-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B56">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thaler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Comportamento inadequado: a construção da economia comportamental]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Actual Editora]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B57">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rieger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. O.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hens]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[How time preferences differ: Evidence from 53 countries]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Economic Psychology]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<numero>52</numero>
<issue>52</issue>
<page-range>115-35</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B58">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Weatherly]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Terrell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Magnitude effects in delay and probability discounting when monetary and medical treatment outcomes are discounted]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Psychological Record]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>64</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>433-40</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B59">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ishibashi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[An empirical study of the relationship among self-control, price promotions and consumer purchase behavior]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<month>,</month>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC)]]></conf-name>
<conf-date>2018</conf-date>
<conf-loc> </conf-loc>
<page-range>1867-72</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[IEEE]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
