<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0121-5612</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Colombia Internacional]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[colomb.int.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0121-5612</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Departamento de Ciencia Política y Centro de Estudios Internacionales. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de los Andes]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0121-56122023000100061</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.7440/colombiaint113.2023.03</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The Boys Who Cried Wolf Warrior: China&#8217;s Diplomatic Strategy in Latin America]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Los niños que clamaban Guerrero lobo: la estrategia diplomática de China en América Latina]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Os meninos que gritavam &#8220;Lobo Guerreiro&#8221;: a estratégia diplomática da China na América Latina]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Creutzfeldt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Benjamin]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad del Pacífico  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lima ]]></addr-line>
<country>Peru</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>113</numero>
<fpage>61</fpage>
<lpage>84</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0121-56122023000100061&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0121-56122023000100061&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0121-56122023000100061&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT.  Objective/Context:  This article examines the evolution of China&#8217;s diplomatic strategy in Latin America in terms of how effectively Chinese diplomats have adapted to the demands of their country&#8217;s multi-dimensional engagement with the region over the past three decades. This strategy underpins China&#8217;s investments in the region and relates to regional integration and cultural cooperation issues.  Methodology: The study draws on a database compiled by the author, tracking the careers of all senior Chinese diplomats in Latin America from 1990 to 2020. It is a qualitative study with quantitative data aggregation, comprising representative case studies.  Conclusions: The author observes changes in how China&#8217;s diplomats of the twenty-first century have embraced network diplomacy and enhanced their abilities to engage with foreign publics and governments. The competence of diplomats to get locally involved and demonstrate positive results has been tested, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the excesses of the so-called Wolf Warrior diplomacy appear to have been reined in. The study demonstrates a continuous evolution in the centrally crafted yet often competing efforts of the organizations involved in China&#8217;s overseas operations, including ministries, Communist Party organizations, and educational institutions.  Originality: By focusing on diplomats as key agents the study offers new insights into China&#8217;s diplomatic and economic engagement with the region of Latin America. It also uses a novel database that will be publicly accessible following the publication of this study.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN.  Objetivo/contexto:  Este artículo examina la evolución de la estrategia diplomática de China en América Latina en términos de la eficacia con la que los diplomáticos chinos se han adaptado a las exigencias del compromiso multidimensional de su país con la región durante las últimas tres décadas. Esta estrategia sustenta las inversiones de China en la región y se relaciona con cuestiones de integración regional y cooperación cultural.  Metodología:  El estudio se basa en una base de datos recopilada por el autor, en la que se hace un seguimiento de las carreras de todos los diplomáticos chinos de alto nivel en América Latina desde 1990 hasta 2020. Se trata de un estudio cualitativo con la adición de datos cuantitativos que ofrece unos estudios de caso representativos.  Conclusiones:  El autor observa cambios en la forma en que los diplomáticos chinos del siglo XXI han adoptado la diplomacia de redes y han mejorado sus habilidades de relacionarse con públicos y Gobiernos extranjeros. Se ha puesto a prueba la competencia de los diplomáticos para involucrarse localmente y demostrar resultados positivos, especialmente durante la pandemia de COVID-19, mientras que los excesos de la llamada diplomacia del Guerrero lobo parecen haber sido frenados. El artículo evidencia una evolución continua en los esfuerzos centralizados pero a menudo contrapuestos de las organizaciones que participan en las operaciones de China en el exterior, incluidos los ministerios, las organizaciones del Partido Comunista y las instituciones educativas.  Originalidad:  Al centrarse en los diplomáticos como agentes clave, el estudio ofrece nuevas perspectivas sobre el compromiso diplomático y económico de China con la región de América Latina. También utiliza una novedosa base de datos que se hará pública tras la publicación de este estudio.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[RESUMO.  Objetivo/contexto:  Este artigo examina a evolução da estratégia diplomática da China na América Latina em termos de quão eficazmente os diplomatas chineses se adaptaram às exigências do compromisso multidimensional da China com a região durante as últimas três décadas. Essa estratégia é a base dos investimentos da China na região e está relacionada a questões de integração regional e cooperação cultural.  Metodologia:  O estudo é baseado em um banco de dados compilado pelo autor, que acompanha as carreiras de todos os diplomatas chineses de alto nível na América Latina de 1990 a 2020. É um estudo qualitativo com a adição de dados quantitativos que fornece estudos de caso representativos.  Conclusões:  O autor observa mudanças na forma como os diplomatas chineses do século 21 abraçaram a diplomacia de rede e melhoraram suas habilidades no engajamento com cidadãos e governos estrangeiros. A competência dos diplomatas para se engajar localmente e demonstrar resultados positivos foi testada, especialmente durante a pandemia de covid-19, enquanto os excessos da chamada &#8220;diplomacia do lobo guerreiro&#8221; parecem ter reinado. O artigo evidencia uma evolução contínua nos esforços centralizados, mas muitas vezes conflitantes, das organizações envolvidas nas operações da China no exterior, incluindo ministérios, organizações do Partido Comunista e instituições educacionais.  Originalidade: Ao concentrar-se nos diplomatas como atores-chave, o estudo oferece novas perspectivas sobre o compromisso diplomático e econômico da China com a região latino-americana. Além disso, utiliza uma base de dados inovadora que será disponibilizada ao público após a publicação deste estudo.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Diplomats]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[network diplomacy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[China foreign policy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Sino-Latin American relations]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Communist Party of China]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[diplomáticos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[diplomacia de redes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[política exterior de China]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[relaciones sino-latinoamericanas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Partido Comunista de China]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[diplomatas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[diplomacia de redes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[política externa da China]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[relações com a China]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[América Latina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Partido Comunista da China]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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