<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0121-750X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Ingeniería]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[ing.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0121-750X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0121-750X2025000200007</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14483/23448393.22852</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Applying an Optimization Algorithm Based on the Cauchy Distribution for Active and Reactive Power Management with Batteries in Energy Distribution Systems]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Aplicación de un algoritmo de optimización basado en la distribución de Cauchy para la gestión de potencia activa y reactiva con baterías en sistemas de distribución de energía]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vega-Peña]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Camila]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Montoya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Oscar Danilo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gil-González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Waler]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Pereira ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>30</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0121-750X2025000200007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0121-750X2025000200007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0121-750X2025000200007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Context:  This study developed an energy dispatch model (EDM) using the Cauchy-based distribution optimizer (CbDO) for coordinating battery energy storage units (BESUs) and photovoltaic (PV) sources in medium-voltage distribution networks, aiming to minimize energy losses and operating costs while observing to network constraints.  Method:  The CbDO was implemented in MATLAB and benchmarked against the continuous genetic algorithm (CGA), the parallel particle swarm optimizer, the parallel vortex search algorithm, and a semidefinite programming (SDP) approach. The analyzed scenarios included unitary and variable power factor operation in order to test optimization performance.  Results:  The CbDO outperformed traditional methods, achieving lower energy losses and CO2 emissions, closely matching the SDP method&#8217;s results in variable power factor scenarios. The most significant gains were observed when all DERs operated flexibly, validating our proposal&#8217;s effectiveness in complex non-convex problems.  Conclusions:  The CbDO is a viable and efficient solution for EDM, providing near-SDP performance with a simpler implementation. BESU integration and f lexible power factor operation can notably enhance grid efficiency.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Contexto:  Este estudio desarrolló un modelo de despacho de energía (EDM) utilizando el optimizador basado en la distribución de Cauchy (CbDO) para coordinar unidades de almacenamiento de energía en baterías (BESU) y fuentes fotovoltaicas (PV) en redes de distribución de media tensión, con el fin de minimizar las pérdidas de energía y los costos de operación a la vez que se cumplen las restricciones de la red.  Método:  El CbDO fue implementado en MATLAB y comparado con el algoritmo genético continuo (CGA), el optimizador de enjambre de partículas en paralelo (PPSO), el algoritmo de búsqueda de vórtice en paralelo (PVSA) y un enfoque de programación semidefinida (SDP). Los escenarios analizados incluyeron la operación con factor de potencia unitario y variable, a fin de evaluar el desempeño de la optimización.  Resultados:  El CbDO superó a los métodos tradicionales, logrando menores pérdidas de energía y emisiones de CO2, siguiendo de cerca los resultados del método SDP en los escenarios con factor de potencia variable. Las mayores mejoras se observaron cuando todos los DERs operaban de manera flexible, validando la efectividad de nuestra propuesta en problemas no convexos complejos.  Conclusiones:  El CbDO constituye una solución viable y eficiente para el EDM, ofreciendo un desempeño cercano al del método SDP con una implementación más sencilla. La integración de BESUs y la operación con factor de potencia flexible pueden mejorar significativamente la eficiencia de la red.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[energy dispatch model]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Cauchy-based distribution optimizer]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[battery energy storage]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[distributed energy resources]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[power systems optimization]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[modelo de despacho de energía]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[optimizador basado en la distribución de Cauchy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[almacenamiento de energía en baterías]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[recursos energéticos distribuidos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[optimización de sistemas de potencia]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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