<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0122-3461</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Ingeniería y Desarrollo]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Ing. Desarro.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0122-3461</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Fundación Universidad del Norte]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0122-34612020000200338</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14482/inde.38.2.650</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[El impulso de la digitalización de los puertos del sistema portuario español mediante el análisis Business Observation Tool]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The Promotion of the Digitalization of the Spanish Port System Through the Business Observation Tool]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González-Cancelas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Nicoletta]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Molina Serrano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Beatriz]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Soler-Flores]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Francisco]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Politécnica de Madrid  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Politécnica de Madrid  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Internacional de La Rioja (UNIR)  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>38</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>338</fpage>
<lpage>363</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0122-34612020000200338&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0122-34612020000200338&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0122-34612020000200338&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen El sistema portuario se encuentra inmerso en un proceso de transformación digital hacia el concepto de puertos 4.0, lo cual conlleva nuevos requerimientos normativos y de conectividad, de modo que es necesaria la implantación de las nuevas tecnologías que el mercado ofrece hacia la digitalización. Este artículo pretende ofrecer a las autoridades portuarias españolas una nueva metodología Business Observation Tool (BOT) que les permita acometer con éxito la digitalización del sistema portuario español. En el centro del modelo, se encuentran los recursos y las motivaciones como ejes que permiten la viabilidad de este. Así, se estudian los elementos personales por quien diseña el negocio, el contexto de observación (lugar, personas e historia) y finalmente el macroentorno. Con la aplicación de la citada metodología, se concluye que actualmente los puertos españoles están en un puesto medio-alto de la digitalización y que siguen actualizándose e innovando para ser cada vez más competitivos en este mercado. Nuevamente, se pone de manifiesto que la tecnología por sí sola no tiene utilidad para lograr ser smart ports/Ports 4.0, siendo necesario que sea utilizada de forma integrada, abierta y conjunta por todos los agentes de la comu nidad portuaria]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The Port System is immersed in a digital transformation process towards the concept of Ports 4.0. This entails new regulatory and connectivity requirements, making it necessary to implement the new technologies offered by the market towards digitalization. This article aims to offer Spanish Port Authorities a new Business Observation Tool (BOT) methodology that will allow them to successfully undertake the digitization of the Spanish port system. At the heart of the model, there are the resources and motivations as the axes that allow its viability. Thus, personal elements are studied by those who design the business, the context of observation (place, people, and history), and, finally, the macro-environment. With the application of the aforementioned methodology, it can be concluded that Spanish ports are currently in a medium-high position in terms of digitalization, and that they continue to update and innovate in order to be increasingly competitive in this market. Once again, it is clear that just technology alone is not useful to achieve Smart Ports/Ports 4.0.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Business Observation Tool]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[digitalización]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[puertos 4.0]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[sistema portuario español]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Business Observation Tool]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Digitalization]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Ports 4.0]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Spanish Port System]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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