<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0122-3461</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Ingeniería y Desarrollo]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Ing. Desarro.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0122-3461</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Fundación Universidad del Norte]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0122-34612023000200010</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14482/inde.41.02.547.256</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Hydrometallurgical valorization of spent Ni-Cd batteries using organic acids as selective leaching agents]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Valorización hidrometalúrgica de pilas Ni-Cd gastadas, utilizando ácidos orgánicos como agentes lixiviantes selectivos]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moccia Paradisi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alberto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández-Pardo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Diego]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ardila Santamaría]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Nadia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Delvasto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Pedro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Simón Bolívar  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Caracas ]]></addr-line>
<country>Venezuela</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Industrial de Santander  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bucaramanga ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Industrial de Santander  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bucaramanga ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Industrial de Santander  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bucaramanga ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>41</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>1</fpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0122-34612023000200010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0122-34612023000200010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0122-34612023000200010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract In this paper, we propose a hydrometallurgical procedure to treat spent Ni-Cd batteries using organic acids as leaching agents. The electrode materials of the batteries were extracted and leached using a combination of acetic, citric, and sulfuric acids and their mixtures in a two-stage selective scheme. This procedure aimed to recover metal-bearing solid products. The leachates were treated by evaporation/crystallization or chemical precipitation to obtain the solid products. These products were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, chemical analysis by atomic absorption spectroscopy, mineralogical phases by x-ray diffraction, and infrared spectroscopy. In the first leaching step, 15 % m/m citric acid was used to recover 85±5 wt.% of the cadmium present as a carboxylate salt. In the second leaching stage (5 % m/m acetic acid mixed with 3 % m/m sulfuric acid), 50±3 wt.% of nickel was recovered, in the form of a product consisting of a mixture of hydroxides and salts. The remaining solid from the second leaching stage was a valuable metal product containing nickel (96±4 wt.%). The analysis of the results allowed us to depict a conceptual process flow diagram for the selective leaching of the spent Ni-Cd batteries, and the possible industrial use of the solid products obtained.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Se propone una ruta de procesamiento hidrometalúrgico de pilas Ni-Cd gastadas, utilizando ácidos orgánicos como principales agentes lixiviantes. Los electrodos de tales pilas fueron lixiviados con diferentes ácidos y mezclas de ellos, con la finalidad de encontrar la mejor combinación de variables operativas para una recuperación eficiente de metales valiosos. Los productos obtenidos fueron caracterizados empleando microscopía electrónica de barrido, análisis químico por espectroscopia de absorción atómica, difracción de rayos x y espectroscopia infrarroja por transformada de Fourier. Se encontró que es posible obtener productos aprovechables en varias industrias al aplicar dos etapas de lixiviación selectiva: en la primera, se emplea ácido cítrico al 15 % m/m para recuperar 85±5 % en peso de cadmio como sal; en la segunda, se emplea ácido acético al 5 % m/m mezclado con ácido sulfúrico al 3 % m/m, con el fin de recuperar el 50±3 % en peso níquel en un producto formado por hidróxidos y sales. El sólido remanente de la segunda etapa de lixiviación también puede ser aprovechable, pues contiene 96±4 °% en peso de níquel.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[hydrometallurgy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[organic acids]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[spent Ni-Cd batteries]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[valorization]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ácidos orgánicos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[hidrometalurgia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[pilas gastadas Ni-Cd]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[valorización]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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