0122-8285 0122-8285 S0122-82852017000100184 10.5294/pacla.2017.20.1.9 Portugal Portugal Portugal 00 01 2017 00 01 2017 20 1 184 212

1978 197-209 1968 1980 7 4 4 215-7 2015 2014 30 53 53 507-32 2015 2001 2010 48 48 424-55 2016 19 3 3 893-918 2001 2014 17 1 1 152-87 INE 2015 2015 1988 2001 Nações Unidas 2015 2015 OECD 2014 1982 29 1:2 1:2 3-13 2012 a 2012 b 2002 2000 1 2 2 273-84 1962 1969 1976 3 3 121-33 1998 20 2 2 60-87 1999 26 4 4 183-91 2005 1-14 2001 166-84 2008 25 50 50 95-119 2013 10 18 18 161-87 1992 3 3 9-15 2006 25 2 2 3-4 1994 Unesco 1980 United Nations Development Group 2015 2014 17 1 1 13-45 2009 357-70