<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0122-9761</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Boletín de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras - INVEMAR]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Bol. Invest. Mar. Cost.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0122-9761</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[INSTITUTO DE INVESTIGACIONES MARINAS Y COSTERAS "JOSE BENITO VIVES DE ANDRÉIS" (INVEMAR)    INSTITUTO DE INVESTIGACIONES MARINAS Y COSTERAS -JOSE BENITO VIVES DE ANDRÉIS- (INVEMAR)]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0122-97612021000100121</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25268/bimc.invemar.2021.50.1.994</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Delimitation and classification of coastal wetlands: Implications for the environmental management of the Colombian Continental Caribbean]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Delimitación y tipificación de humedales costeros: implicaciones para la gestión ambiental del Caribe continental colombiano]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Millán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Santiago]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez-Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jenny Alexandra]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sierra-Correa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Paula]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras-Invemar Laboratorio de Servicios de Información (LabSIS) ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santa Marta ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras-Invemar Laboratorio de Servicios de Información (LabSIS) ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santa Marta ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras-Invemar Laboratorio de Servicios de Información (LabSIS) ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santa Marta ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>50</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>121</fpage>
<lpage>140</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0122-97612021000100121&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0122-97612021000100121&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0122-97612021000100121&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT This article describes the cartographic layer construction process of Colombian Caribbean coastal wetlands at a scale of 1:100,000 and the results obtained in terms of their quantification and typing. Two cartographic layers were constructed and subsequently joined, one of the permanent water bodies and another of temporary water bodies and associated coverages. The layers were generated by multitemporal analysis of 45 Landsat 8-OLI satellite images, based on the NDVI index, uncertainty models by superposition of cartographic attributes, and a flood frequency consultation model on ALOS PALSAR 1 images. As a result, 576,279 ha of coastal wetlands were delimited (1.9 % of total wetlands in Colombia), of which 20.4 % are within protected areas. The cartographic legend makes it possible to typify wetlands based on the coverage and temporality of water bodies; discriminates permanent wetlands (42.7 %) with five categories and temporary wetlands (57.3 %) with 15 categories, mostly distributed in seven large complexes. This study is the first description of the colombian Caribbean coastal wetlands based on a cartographic construction, is methodologically replicable, and will support decision-making in the planning of colombian Caribbean coastal areas, especially for risk management and ecosystem-based adaptation to climate change.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN Este estudio describe el proceso de construcción cartográfica de humedales costeros del Caribe colombiano a escala 1:100 000 y los resultados obtenidos en cuanto a su cuantificación y tipificación. Se construyeron dos capas cartográficas que posteriormente se unieron, una de cuerpos de agua permanentes y otra de cuerpos de agua temporales y sus coberturas asociadas. Las capas fueron generadas mediante análisis multitemporal de 45 imágenes de satélite Landsat 8-OLI, a partir del índice de vegetación-NDVI, modelos de incertidumbre por superposición de atributos cartográficos y la consulta de un modelo de frecuencias de inundación basado en imágenes ALOS PALSAR 1. Como resultado se delimitaron 576 627 ha de humedales costeros (1,9 % del total de humedales de Colombia), de los cuales el 20,4 % se encuentra dentro de áreas protegidas. La leyenda cartográfica obtenida permitió tipificar los humedales con base en la cobertura y temporalidad de los cuerpos de agua; discriminando los permanentes (42,7 %) en cinco categorías, y los temporales (57,3 %) con 15 categorías, la mayor parte distribuidos en siete grandes complejos. Este estudio es la primera descripción de los humedales costeros del Caribe colombiano basada en una construcción cartográfica, es metodológicamente replicable y apoyará la toma de decisiones en la planificación de las zonas costeras del Caribe colombiano, especialmente la gestión del riesgo y la adaptación al cambio climático basada en los ecosistemas.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Mangroves]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Coastal floodplains forest]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Water bodies]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Geographic Information Systems (GIS)]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Protected areas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Manglares]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Bosques inundables costeros]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Cuerpos de agua]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Sistemas de Información Geográfica (SIG)]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Áreas protegidas.]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alongi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The impact of climate change on mangrove forests]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Curr. Clim. Change Rep]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>30-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alonso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sierra-Correa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arias-Isaza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fontalvo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Conceptos y guía metodológica para el manejo integrado de zonas costeras en Colombia, manual 1: preparación, caracterización y diagnóstico]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Serie Documentos Generales INVEMAR]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
<page-range>94</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Andrade-Amaya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Las corrientes superficiales en la Cuenca de Colombia observadas con boyas de deriva]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev. Acad. Col. Cienc. Ex., Fís. Nat]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<numero>96</numero>
<issue>96</issue>
<page-range>321-35</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Blanckespoor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dasgupta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Laplante]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Sea-level rise and coastal wetlands]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ambio]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<numero>43</numero>
<issue>43</issue>
<page-range>996-1005</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Borro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salvia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Minotti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Puig]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Karzenbaum]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kandus]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Primeros resultados de la clasificación de las lagunas someras en la clasificación del Delta del Paraná bajo un enfoque ecohidrogeomorfológico. Jornadas argentinas ecología paisaje]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<page-range>91-104</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Buzai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baxendale]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Crecimiento urbano y pérdida de suelos productivos. Análisis espacial mediante tecnología SIG]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ger. Amb]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
<page-range>697-701</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cohen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A coefficient of agreement for nominal scales]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Educ. Psychol. Meas]]></source>
<year>1960</year>
<numero>20</numero>
<issue>20</issue>
<page-range>37-46</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>CORPOGUAJIRA</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Socialización ante la comunida del estudio de línea de base para declaratoria de áreas protegidas bahía Honda y bahía Hondita]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cortés-Duque]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Estupiñán-Suárez.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Las huellas del agua. Propuesta metodológica para identificar y comprender el límite de los humedales de Colombia]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<page-range>340</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Inst. Invest. Rec. Biol. Alexander von Humboldt, Fondo Adaptación]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Davidson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fluet-Chouinard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Finlayson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Global extent and distribution of wetlands: trends and issues]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mar. Freshw. Res]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<numero>69</numero>
<issue>69</issue>
<page-range>620-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Estupiñán-Suárez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A classification system for Colombian wetlands: an essential step forward in open environmental policy-making]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Wetlands]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<numero>39</numero>
<issue>39</issue>
<page-range>1-20</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Giri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ochieng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tieszen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shingh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Loveland]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Masek]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Duke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Status and distribution of mangrove forests of the world using earth observation satellite data]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Global Ecol. Biogeogr]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<numero>20</numero>
<issue>20</issue>
<page-range>154-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zeng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Atmospheric correction comparison of SPOT 5 image based on model FLAASH and model QUAC. Internat. Arch. Photogr. Rem. Sens. Spat. Inf. Sci]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<page-range>39-B7</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Melbourne ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[XXII ISPRS Congress]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>HIMAT</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Calendario meteorológico]]></source>
<year>1988</year>
<page-range>227</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Inst. Col. Hidrol. Meteorol. Adecuac. Tierras]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>IAvH</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Productos cartográficos de identificación de humedales; tipos de humedales y transformación de humedales. Convenio marco 005 (13-014) entre Inst]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Alexander von Humboldt y Fondo Adaptación]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>IDEAM</collab>
<collab>IGAC</collab>
<collab>IAvH</collab>
<collab>INVEMAR</collab>
<collab>SINCHI</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Ecosistemas continentales, costeros y marinos de Colombia]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<page-range>276</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Inst. Meteor. Est. Amb., Inst. Geogr. Agustín Codazzi, Inst. Invest. Rec. Biol. Alexander von Humboldt, Inst. Invest. Amb. Pac. John von Newmann, Inst. Invest. Mar. Cost. José Benito Vives de Andreis, Inst. Amaz. Invest. Cient. Sinchi]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>IDEAM</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Leyenda nacional de coberturas de la tierra. Metodología CORINE Land Cover adaptada para Colombia Escala 1:100.000]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<page-range>72</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Inst. Hidrol., Meteor. y Est. Amb]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>IDEAM</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Mapa de clasificación climática de Caldas - Lang]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Inst. Hidrol., Meteorol. Est. Amb. - IDEAM, Cartografía Básica]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>IGAC</collab>
<collab>IDEAM</collab>
<collab>MADS</collab>
<collab>IAvH</collab>
<collab>SINCHI</collab>
<collab>INVEMAR</collab>
<collab>INAP</collab>
<collab>PNNC</collab>
<collab>IGAC</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Mapa de ecosistemas continentales, costeros y marinos de Colombia a escala 1:100.000]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>IDEAM</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Mapa nacional de cobertura y uso de la tierra a escala 1:100000]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Inst. Hidrol., Meteorol. Estud. Amb]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>IGAC</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Mapas de geopedología del territorio colombiano a escala 1:100.000, formato shapefile]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Inst. Geogr. Agustín Codazzi]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>IGAC</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Cartografía base de Colombia a escala 1:100.000. Formato shapefile]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá D.C. ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Inst. Geogr. Agustín Codazzi]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>INVEMAR-MADS</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Resolución No. 478 de 2016. Componente 2. 148 p + Anexos]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>INVEMAR</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Informe del estado de los ambientes y recursos marinos y costeros de Colombia, 2019]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>183</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Serie Publ. Periód]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pörtner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.-O.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roberts]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Masson-Delmotte]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tignor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Poloczanska]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mintenbeck]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alegría]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nicolai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Okem]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Petzold]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rama]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Weyer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<collab>IPCC</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pörtner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.-O.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roberts]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Masson-Delmotte]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tignor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Poloczanska]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mintenbeck]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alegría]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nicolai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Okem]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Petzold]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rama]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Weyer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<collab>IPCC</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Special report on the ocean and cryosphere in a changing climate]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jaramillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cortés-Duque]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Flórez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Colombia Anfibia. Un país de humedales]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<page-range>140</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Inst. Invest. Rec. Biol. Alexander von Humboldt]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Johnson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rogers]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Ephemeral wetlands and their turfs in New Zealand]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Sci. Cons]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<numero>230</numero>
<issue>230</issue>
<page-range>109</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Junk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bayley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sparks]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The flood pulse concept in river-floodplain systems]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Can. Spec. Publ. Fish. Aq. Sci]]></source>
<year>1989</year>
<numero>106</numero>
<issue>106</issue>
<page-range>110-27</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Landis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Koch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Biometrics]]></source>
<year>1977</year>
<page-range>159-74</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lotze]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lenihan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bourque]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bradbury]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cooke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kay]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kidwell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kirby]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peterson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jackson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Depletion, degradation and recovery potential of estuaries and coastal seas]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Science]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<numero>312</numero>
<issue>312</issue>
<page-range>1806-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lymburner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Burrowa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Butler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Using remote sensing to map wetland water clarity and permanence: approaches for identifying wetlands requiring management in large catchments. Proc. 5th Int. Australian Stream Management Conference. Australian rivers: making a difference]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<page-range>235-40</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mancera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Troncoso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rivera-Monroy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Twilley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Giraldo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Variaciones estacionales e interanuales durante los últimos 30 años en la calidad de las aguas de la Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta: una laguna costera tropical de ambiente árido]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ IX Congr. Latinoam. Cienc. Mar]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc>San Andrés </conf-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mumby]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Green]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Edwards]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Clark]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Coral reef habitat mapping: how much detail can remote sensing provide?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mar. Biol]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<numero>130</numero>
<issue>130</issue>
<page-range>192-202</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Posada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Henao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Diagnóstico de la erosión en la zona costera del Caribe colombiano. Serie Publ. Espec., 13, Invemar]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<page-range>200</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Quiñones]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vissers]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pacheco-Pascaza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Flórez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Estupiñán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aponte]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Un enfoque ecosistémico en el análisis de una serie densa de tiempo de imágenes de radar Alos PALSAR, para el mapeo de zonas inundadas en el territorio continental colombiano. Aplicaciones en el mapeo de frecuencias de inundación como insumo al mapeo de humedales. Biota Col]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Diseño y análisis estadístico]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<numero>17</numero>
<issue>17</issue>
<page-range>325</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Univ. Jorge Tadeo Lozano]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramírez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Ecología aplicada: Diseño y análisis estadístico]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<page-range>325</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Univ. Jorge Tadeo Lozano]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>RAMSAR</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Directrices para la evaluación ecológica rápida de la biodiversidad de las zonas costeras, marinas y de aguas continentales]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Secret. Conv. Divers. Biol., Montreal, Serie Publ. Tecn]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>54</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>RAMSAR</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Introducción a la Convención sobre los Humedales, Secretaría de la Convención de Ramsar]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<page-range>116p</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Gland, Suiza ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>RAMSAR</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Convención de Ramsar sobre los Humedales. Perspectiva mundial sobre los humedales: Estado de los humedales del mundo y sus servicios a las personas. Gland (Suiza)]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<page-range>88</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Secretaría de la Convención de Ramsar]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ricaurte]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Patiño]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zambrano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arias]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Acevedo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aponte]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A classification system for Colombian wetlands: an essential step forward in Open Environmental Policy-Making]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Wetlands]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<numero>39</numero>
<issue>39</issue>
<page-range>971-90</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rocha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yletyinen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Biggs]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Blenckner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peterson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Marine regime shifts: drivers and impacts on ecosystem services]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<numero>370</numero>
<issue>370</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Comparación de técnicas basadas en el tratamiento digital de imágenes de satélite para la obtención de la línea de costa del Delta del Ebro. Teledetección Medio Ambiente Cambio Global]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<page-range>205-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B44">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rojas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Diagnóstico integral de las lagunas costeras: Documento fase II]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<page-range>112</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B45">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salinas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Treviño]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jaramillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Campos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Identificación y clasificación de humedales interiores del estado de Tamaulipas por percepción remota y sistemas de información geográfica]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<page-range>74-91</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Invest. Geogr]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B46">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thiam]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eastman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Vegetation Indices, Guide to GIS and Image Processing]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Clarks Lab. Clark University]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B47">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>UNGRD</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Fenómeno El Niño. Análisis comparativo 1997-1998/2014-2016]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<page-range>142</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Un. Nal. Gest. Riesgo Desast, Presidencia República]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B48">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vilardy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jaramillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Flórez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cortés-Duque]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Estupiñán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Acevedo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Samacá]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pelaez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aponte]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Principios y criterios para la delimitación de humedales continentales: una herramienta para fortalecer la resiliencia y la adaptación al cambio climático en Colombia]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<page-range>100</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Inst. Invest. Rec. Biol. Alexander von Humboldt]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B49">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Worm]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barbier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Beaumont]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Duffy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Folke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Halpern]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jackson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lotze]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Micheli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Palumbi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sala]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Selokoe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stachowicz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Watson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Impacts of biodiversity loss on ocean ecosystem services]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Science]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<numero>314</numero>
<issue>314</issue>
<page-range>787-90</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B50">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zoffoli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mabanes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kandus]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Contribución de series temporales de NDVI NOAA/AVHRR al análisis funcional en humedales: 6299-6306]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ Anais XIII. Simp. Brasil. Sensoriamento Remoto]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc>Florianópolis, Brasil </conf-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
