<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0122-9761</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Boletín de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras - INVEMAR]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Bol. Invest. Mar. Cost.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0122-9761</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[INSTITUTO DE INVESTIGACIONES MARINAS Y COSTERAS "JOSE BENITO VIVES DE ANDRÉIS" (INVEMAR)    INSTITUTO DE INVESTIGACIONES MARINAS Y COSTERAS -JOSE BENITO VIVES DE ANDRÉIS- (INVEMAR)]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0122-97612026000100089</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25268/bimc.invemar.2026.55.1.1349</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Presence of marine debris in mangrove forests with different degrees of anthropogenic intervention in the Colombian Pacific]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Presencia de residuos marinos en bosques de manglar con diferentes grados de intervención antrópica en el Pacífico colombiano]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Presencia de residuos marinos en bosques de manglar con diferentes grados de intervención antrópica en el Pacífico colombiano]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arboleda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ingrid]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Molina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Andrés]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Duque]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Guillermo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Colombia  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Palmira ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Colombia Facultad de Ingeniería y Administración ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Palmira ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Colombia Facultad de Ingeniería y Administración ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Palmira ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>55</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>89</fpage>
<lpage>107</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0122-97612026000100089&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0122-97612026000100089&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0122-97612026000100089&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT Marine debris generates impacts on mangrove forest ecosystems that are vulnerable due to their morphological adaptations, which facilitate the deposition of floating materials. This study determined the variability in the abundance and types of marine debris in mangrove forests in relation to the degree of anthropogenic influence in Buenaventura Bay and Malaga Bay, located in the Colombian Pacific. Sampling was carried out in four mangrove forests, using transects and 1 m2 quadrats. Waste was classified based on OSPAR categories and plastic types were classified according to their use (tourism, household and others). Additionally, two indices were applied, the Clean Coast Index (CCI) and the Plastic Abundance Index (PAI). The highest number of marine debris was found in the mangroves of Buenaventura Bay (9280,1 g). Plastic was the predominant type of waste, with 77% of the total waste collected. Most of the waste found by use was related to tourism. According to the Clean Coast Index and the Plastic Abundance Index, all the mangroves studied are classified in the highest pollution categories. Finally, Buenaventura Bay presented a higher abundance of marine debris (38,7 items/m2) showing that the mangrove forests located near the city are susceptible to higher pollution compared to protected areas, as in the case of Malaga Bay (34,2 items/m2).]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN Los residuos marinos generan impactos sobre los ecosistemas de bosque de manglar que son vulnerables por sus adaptaciones morfológicas; estas adaptaciones, facilitan la deposición de materiales flotantes. En este estudio se determinó la variabilidad en la abundancia y tipos de residuos marinos en bosques de manglar en relación con el grado de influencia antrópica en las bahías de Buenaventura y Málaga, ubicadas en el Pacífico colombiano. Los muestreos se realizaron en cuatro bosques de manglar, usando transectos y cuadrantes de 1 m2. Los residuos se clasificaron con base en las categorías de la OSPAR y los tipos de plástico se clasificaron de acuerdo con su uso (turismo, hogar y misceláneos). Adicionalmente, se aplicaron dos índices, el Índice de Costa Limpia (CCI) y el Índice de Abundancia de Plástico (PAI). La mayor cantidad de residuos marinos se encontró en los manglares de Buenaventura (9280,1 g). El plástico fue el tipo de residuo predominante, con 77% del total de residuos recolectados. La mayor parte de los residuos encontrados según su uso estuvieron relacionados con el turismo. Según el Índice de Costa Limpia y el Índice de Abundancia de Plástico, todos los manglares estudiados se clasifican en las categorías de contaminación más altas. Finalmente, los manglares de la bahía de Buenaventura presentaron una mayor abundancia de residuos marinos (38,7 ítems/m2) evidenciando que estos bosques de manglar ubicados cerca de la ciudad son susceptibles a una mayor contaminación en comparación a zonas protegidas, como en el caso de Bahía Málaga (34,2 ítems/m2).]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Marine pollution]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Buenaventura Bay]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Málaga Bay]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Rhizophora mangle]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[marine debris]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Contaminación marina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Bahía de Buenaventura]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Bahía Málaga]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Rhizophora mangle]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[desechos marinos]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
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<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
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<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
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<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Xiong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
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<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
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<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Characteristics and distribution of microplastics in the coastal mangrove sediments of China]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Science of The Total Environment]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>703</volume>
<page-range>134807</page-range></nlm-citation>
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</article>
