<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0123-3122</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Persona y Bioética]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[pers.bioét.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0123-3122</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de la Sabana]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0123-31222016000200257</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5294/PEBI.2016.20.2.10</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[ENSEÑANZA DE BIOÉTICA EN LA CARRERA DE ODONTOLOGÍA. REFLEXIONES Y PROSPECTIVAS]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[TEACHING BIOETHICS IN ODONTOLOGY. CONSIDERATIONS AND PROSPECTS]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[ENSINO DE BIOÉTICA NO CURSO DE ODONTOLOGIA. REFLEXÕES E PROSPECTIVAS]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramírez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ricardo von Kretschmann]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Massa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ángela Arenas]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>07</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>07</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>20</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>257</fpage>
<lpage>270</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0123-31222016000200257&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0123-31222016000200257&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0123-31222016000200257&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen La conciencia de los formadores del área de la salud para promover la conducta ética en la formación de estudiantes de odontología se constata en los planes de estudio de pregrado. El presente estudio busca develar las diferentes formas utilizadas para enseñar estas materias. Para ello, se revisa manualmente la literatura publicada en bases de datos indexadas en SciELO en los años 1999-2014, que se encuentran bajo el título ciencias de la salud, humanidades, ciencias sociales aplicadas, a las que se puede acceder on-line, a texto completo, gratuito, en forma anónima y también en las siguientes revistas especializadas de educación en salud: Journal of Dental Education (ADEA), Journal of Medical Education (AMM), con los mismos títulos, durante el mismo periodo y a través del motor de búsqueda PubMed vía Medline. Los resultados arrojan 43 artículos de pertinencia temática. Se concluye que la enseñanza de bioética en los planes de estudio de pregrado en las escuelas de odontología es creciente y se diferencia según los entornos educativos y culturales en que se desarrolla; las formas de enseñanza mencionadas como más eficientes son el aprendizaje basado en casos y el aprendizaje basado en problemas; la formación de odontólogos íntegros requiere que la enseñanza de estas materias esté a cargo de equipos profesionales interdisciplinarios suficientemente preparados.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The awareness of educators in the health sciences with respect to promoting ethical conduct when instructing dental students is reflected in the undergraduate curriculum. This study is intended to discover the different ways these subjects are taught. A manual review of the literature published in databases indexed in SciELO during the years from 1999 to 2014 was done to that end, under the heading health sciences, humanities, applied social sciences, specifically literature that can be accessed in full, free of charge and anonymously. Also reviewed was the literature in two specialized journals in the area of health education; namely, the Journal of Dental Education (ADEA) and the Journal of Medical Education (AMM), with the same titles, during the same period, and through the PubMed search engine, via Medline. The results show 43 articles of thematic relevance. The conclusion is that education in bioethics, as part of the undergraduate curriculum at dental schools, is increasing and differs according to the educational and cultural environment where it is imparted. Case-based learning and problem-based learning are mentioned as being the most efficient methods of instruction. Training dentists to be well-rounded professionals requires these subjects to be taught by interdisciplinary teams that are sufficiently prepared to do so.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo A consciência dos formadores da área da saúde para promover a conduta ética na formação de estudantes de odontologia constata-se nos planos de estudo de graduação. O presente estudo procura revelar as diferentes formas utilizadas para ensinar essas matérias. Para isso, revisa-se manualmente a literatura publicada em bancos de dados indexados em SciELO nos anos 1999-2014, que se encontram sob o título ciências da saúde, humanidades, ciências sociais aplicadas, às quais pode se acessar on-line, a texto completo, gratuito, em forma anônima e também nas seguintes revistas especializadas de educação em saúde: Journal of Dental Education (ADEA), Journal of Medical Education (AMM), com os mesmos títulos, durante o mesmo período e por meio do motor de busca PubMed via Medline. Os resultados mostram 43 artigos de pertinência temática. Conclui-se que o ensino de bioética nos planos de estudo de pós-graduação nas Escolas de Odontologia é crescente e se diferencia segundo os meios educativos e culturais em que se desenvolve; as formas de ensino mencionadas como mais eficientes são a aprendizagem baseada em casos e a aprendizagem baseada em problemas; a formação de odontólogos íntegros requer que o ensino dessas matérias esteja a cargo de equipes profissionais interdisciplinares suficientemente preparadas.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[currículo dental]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[educación dental]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ética dental]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Dental physiology]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[dental education]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[ethics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[fisiologia dental]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[educação dental]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[ética]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Teaching and assessing ethics and law in the dental curriculum.]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bridgman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Collier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cunningham]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Doyal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[King.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gibbons D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[British Dental Journal.]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>187</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>217-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Teaching ethics in dental schools: Trends, techniques, and targets.]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Berk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Dent Educ.]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>65</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>744-50</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Profile and competences for the graduating European dentist - update 2009.]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cowpe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Plasschaert]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Harzer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vinkka-Puhakka]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Walmsley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Eur J Dent Educ.]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<numero>14</numero>
<issue>14</issue>
<page-range>193-202</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Why our ethics curricula don't work.]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bertolami-Charles]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Dent Educ.]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>68</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>414-25</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Development of ethical practices and social responsibility in dental education at the University of Chile: student and faculty perceptions.]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alcota]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ruiz de Gauna]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gonzalez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Eur J Dent Educ.]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<numero>17</numero>
<issue>17</issue>
<page-range>e70-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Docencia e investigación en Medicina Legal: Situación actual y desafíos para las facultades de medicina de Chile.]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Inzunza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bustos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vallejos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gutiérrez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Méd Chile.]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<numero>133</numero>
<issue>133</issue>
<page-range>805-12</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Ética en el currículo de las carreras de Odontología.]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zaror Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vergara González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Acta Bioethica.]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>212-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Stages of moral development among brazilian dental students.]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torres de Freitas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kovaleski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boing]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferreira de Oliveira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Dent Educ.]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>70</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>296-306</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Bioética en la malla curricular de Odontología]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guerra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Acta Bioethica.]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>49-54</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Inclusión de la ética y bioética en la formación de pre y posgrado del cirujano-dentista en Perú.]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Acta Bioethica.]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>74-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Nivel de conocimiento de la bioética en carreras de Odontología de dos Universidades de América Latina]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Buendía-López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Álvarez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Acta Bioethica.]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>41-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The "Hot Seat" experience: A multifaceted approach to the teaching of ethics in a dental curriculum.]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brondani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rossoff]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LP.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Dent Educ.]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>74</volume>
<numero>11</numero>
<issue>11</issue>
<page-range>1220-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Developing a Self-Scoring Comprehensive Instrument to Measure Rest's Four-Component Model of Moral Behavior: The Moral Skills Inventory.]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chambers]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DW.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Dent Educ.]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>75</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>23-35</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The concept of disease: ethical challenges and relevance to dentistry and dental education.]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hofmann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eriksen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HM.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Eur J Dent Educ.]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>2-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Soft skills and dental education.]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kasim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Abu]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Naimie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Eur J Dent Educ.]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<numero>17</numero>
<issue>17</issue>
<page-range>73-82</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Problem-Based learning and research at the Harvard School of Dental Medicine: A ten-year follow-up.]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Susarla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bergman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AV]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Howell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Karimbux]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Dent Educ.]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>68</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>71-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Problem-Based learning: Effects on standard outcomes.]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Susarla Srinivas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Medina-Martinez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Howell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Karimbux]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Dent Educ.]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>67</volume>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
<page-range>1003-10</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evaluation of a New Assessment Tool in Problem-Based Learning Tutorials in Dental Education.]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Allareddy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Havens]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Howell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Karimbux]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Dent Educ.]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>75</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>665-71</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evolution of the new pathway curriculum at Harvard Medical School the new integrated curriculum.]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dienstag]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Perspectives in Biology and Medicine.]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>54</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>36-54</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A randomized pilot study of the use of concept maps to enhance problem-based learning among first-year medical students.]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Veronese]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Richards]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Perna]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sullivan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schwartzstein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Medical Teacher]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<numero>35</numero>
<issue>35</issue>
<page-range>e1478-84</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A structured PBL tutorial involving small teams for teaching the human nervous system.]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lopes Cardozo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Raymond]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[White]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Medical Teacher]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<numero>34</numero>
<issue>34</issue>
<page-range>e763-71</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Problem-Based learning in dental education: A systematic review of the literature]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bassir Seyed]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sadr-Eshkevari]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Amirikhorheh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Karimbux]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Dent Educ.]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>78</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>98-109</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[What do dental students learn in an ethics course? An analysis of student-reported learning outcomes.]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sharp]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kuthy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RA.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Dent Educ.]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>72</volume>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
<page-range>1450-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Ethical dilemmas reported by fourth-year dental students.]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sharp]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kuthy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Heller]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Dent Educ.]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>69</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
<page-range>1116-22</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Case-Based learning in clinical courses in a Chinese College of Stomatology]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shan Yong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jia Wei]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhi Yuan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guo Fang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jian Zhong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yuan-Jin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Xia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Dent Educ.]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>76</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
<page-range>1389-92</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The changing face of dental education: The impact of PBL.]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fincham]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shuler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Dent Educ.]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>65</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>406-21</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Multidisciplinary case-based learning for undergraduate students.]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garvey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[O'Sullivan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Blake]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Eur J Dent Educ.]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>165-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Dentists' ethical practical knowledge: a critical issue for dental education]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Machado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Eur J Dent Educ.]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<numero>13</numero>
<issue>13</issue>
<page-range>69-72</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A case-based and team-based learning model in oral and maxillofacial radiology.]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kumar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gadbury-Amyot]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Dent Educ.]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>76</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>330-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Ethics, professionalism and fitness to practise: three concepts, not one.]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shaw]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[British Dental Journal.]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>207</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>59-62</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[An interdisciplinary approach to case-based teaching: Does it create patient-centered and culturally sensitive providers?]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Richards]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Inglehart]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MR.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Dent Educ.]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>70</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>284-91</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Humanities education at Northwestern University's Feinberg School of Medicine.]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Montgomery]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chambers]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reifler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Acad Med.]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>78</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
<page-range>958-62</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The status of ethics teaching and learning in U.S. dental schools.]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lantz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bebeau]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zarkowski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Dent Educ.]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>75</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
<page-range>1295-309</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Ethics education in U.S. medical schools: A study of syllabi.]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[DuBois]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Burkemper]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Acad Med.]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>77</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>432-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Humanities in undergraduate medical education: A literature review.]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ousager]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Johannessen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Academic Medicine]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>85</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>988-98</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Perspective: Is it time for advocacy training in medical education?]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Croft]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jay]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meslin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gaffney]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Odell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Academic Medicine]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>87</volume>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
<page-range>1165-70</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Reforming medical education in ethics and humanities by finding common ground with abraham flexner]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Doukas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McCullough]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wear]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Acad Med.]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>85</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>318-23</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A survey of medical ethics education at U.S. and canadian medical schools.]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lehmann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kasoff]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Koch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Federman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Acad Med.]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>79</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>682-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Forensic dental training in the dental school curriculum.]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stoeckel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Merkley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McGivney]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Forensic Sci.]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>52</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>684-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Training for legal dental expert witnesses in Germany: An instrument for professional development.]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brauer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Walther]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Riesen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dick]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Dent Educ.]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>76</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>656-60</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A model for forensic dental education in the predoctoral dental school curriculum]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hermsen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Johnson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Dent Educ.]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>76</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>553-61</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Teaching forensic odontology: an opinion on its content and format.]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Acharya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Eur J Dent Educ.]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
<page-range>137-41</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
