<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0123-3122</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Persona y Bioética]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[pers.bioét.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0123-3122</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de la Sabana]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0123-31222018000200331</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5294/pebi.2018.22.2.10</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Tuberculosis en América Latina y el Caribe: reflexiones desde la bioética]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Tuberculosis in Latin America and the Caribbean: Reflections from Bioethics]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Tuberculose na América Latina e no Caribe: reflexões da bioética]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muñoz del Carpio Toia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Agueda]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez-Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Héctor Javier]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vergès de López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Claude]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sotomayor-Saavedra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Angélica]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López-Dávila]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luis]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sorokin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Patricia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Católica de Santa María  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Peru</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (Ecosur)  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Panamá  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Panamá</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Santiago de Chile  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Guatemala</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af6">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Guatemala</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>331</fpage>
<lpage>357</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0123-31222018000200331&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0123-31222018000200331&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0123-31222018000200331&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen El objetivo de este artículo es analizar las condiciones de acceso a servicios de salud de las personas con tuberculosis en América Latina y el Caribe (ALC), reflexionando desde la bioética sobre los aspectos de salud pública implicados. Se realizó una revisión documental del contexto de la tuberculosis en ALC con base en datos epidemiológicos. Los resultados se analizaron a partir de su relación con los determinantes sociales de la salud, los principios éticos que pautan la práctica médica y la responsabilidad social de los actores de salud. La tuberculosis es un problema de salud pública acuciante en la región, debido a su impacto familiar, comunitario, social, económico y sanitario, que afecta principalmente a personas y poblaciones vulneradas. En ALC la tuberculosis constituye un serio problema ético y de salud pública que causa un significativo número de muertes, discapacidad e incremento de la pobreza. La comprensión de su responsabilidad social por parte de los actores de salud es imperativa para cumplir con el derecho a servicios de salud de calidad, que aseguren un diagnóstico oportuno y un tratamiento completo de la enfermedad, y que guarden los principios de justicia, no discriminación y dignidad de los/las enfermos/as, para lo cual es importante que las estrategias nacionales de control de la tuberculosis incluyan cambios en los determinantes sociales de la enfermedad, así como el respeto de la etnia, cultura, lengua e identidad de los pacientes.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The objective of this article is to analyze the conditions of access to health services by people with tuberculosis in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), reflecting on the public health aspects involved from a bioethical perspective. A literature review of the context of tuberculosis in LAC based on epidemiological data was performed. The results were analyzed from its relationship with the social determinants of health and the ethical principles that guide medical practice. Tuberculosis is a pressing public health problem in the region because of its family, social, economic and health impact. It mainly affects vulnerable individuals and populations. Health services violate ethical principles. Tuberculosis is a serious ethics and public health problem in the region that causes death, disability and increased poverty. It is imperative to ensure the right to health services and to understand the individual and public health consequences of non-adherence to treatment. It is important that national tuberculosis control strategies include principles of dignity and non-discrimination of the sick, changes in the social determinants of the disease, and respect for the ethnicity, language culture and identity of patients.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é analisar as condições de acesso aos serviços de saúde para pessoas com tuberculose na América Latina e no Caribe (ALC), refletindo a partir da bioética sobre os aspectos de saúde pública envolvidos. Uma revisão documental do contexto da tuberculose na ALC foi realizada com base em dados epidemiológicos. Os resultados foram analisados com base em sua relação com os determinantes sociais da saúde, os princípios éticos que norteiam a prática médica e a responsabilidade social dos atores da saúde. A tuberculose é um problema urgente de saúde pública na região, devido ao seu impacto familiar, comunitário, social, econômico e sanitário, que afeta principalmente pessoas e populações vulneráveis. Na ALC, a tuberculose é um grave problema ético e de saúde pública que causa um número significativo de mortes, deficiências e aumento da pobreza. É imperativo que os agentes de saúde compreendam a sua responsabilidade social para que, dessa forma, seja possível garantir o direito a serviços de saúde de qualidade, que assegurem o diagnóstico oportuno e o tratamento completo da doença, e que defendam os princípios de justiça, não-discriminação e a dignidade dos/das pacientes, para a qual é importante que as estratégias nacionais de controle da tuberculose incluam mudanças nos determinantes sociais da doença, bem como o respeito à etnia, cultura, língua e identidade dos pacientes.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[tuberculosis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[determinantes sociales de la salud]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[accesibilidad a los servicios de salud]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[América Latina y el Caribe]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[bioética]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Tuberculosis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[social determinants of health]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[health services accessibility]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Latin America and the Caribbean]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[bioethics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Tuberculose]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[determinantes sociais da saúde]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[acesso aos serviços de saúde]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[América Latina e Caribe]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[bioética]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS)</collab>
<collab>Organización Panamericana de la Salud (OPS)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Plan Regional de Control de la Tuberculosis 2006-2015. Programas Nacionales de Controla de la TB]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Washington DC ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Ministerios de Salud Pública]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<source><![CDATA[Global Tuberculosis Report 2015. Profiles for 6 who regions]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lönnroth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Drivers of tuberculosis epidemics: The role of risk factors and social determinants]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Soc Sci Med.]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>68</volume>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
<page-range>2240-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reyes-Guillén]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez-Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cruz-Burguete]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Izaurieta de Juan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Anti-tuberculosis treatment defaulting. Analysis of perceptions and attitudes in Chiapas, México.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Salud Pub Mex]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>50</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>251-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez-Arias]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La bioética global: una ampliación de la agenda para la bioética]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Dilemata]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<numero>15</numero>
<issue>15</issue>
<page-range>233-41</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gibson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Forman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nixon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SA.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Bioethics and the Right to Health: Advancing a Complementary Agenda]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Health Hum Right Int J.]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>World Health Organization</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Global tuberculosis report 2017.]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Geneva ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[WHO]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>OMS</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Campañas mundiales de salud pública de la OMS. Día Mundial de la Tuberculosis 2016: Unidos para poner fin a la tuberculosis]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>OMS</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Tuberculosis. Estrategia fin a la TB: objetivos e indicadores]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Navarro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MF.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Tecnologías de la información y la comunicación en salud y educación médica]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Edumecentro]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>253-65</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>PAHO</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Declaración de Alma-Ata Conferencia Internacional sobre Atención Primaria de Salud]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>PAHO</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Carta de Ottawa para la promoción de la salud]]></source>
<year>1986</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>OMS</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Declaración de Bangkok para la promoción de la salud en un mundo globalizado]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Harling]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ehrlich]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Myer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The social epidemiology of tuberculosis in South Africa: A multilevel analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Soc Sci Med.]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>66</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>292-505</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Holtgrave]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Crosby]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RA.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Social determinants of tuberculosis case rates in the United States.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Preven Med.]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>159-62</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<collab>WHO</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Comisión sobre determinantes sociales de la salud - Informe Final]]></source>
<year></year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ 62ªAsamblea Mundial de la Salud]]></conf-name>
<conf-date>16 de marzo de 2009</conf-date>
<conf-loc> </conf-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>World Health Organization</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Health in All Policies, Training Manual]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Ginebra ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[WHO]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rosenstock]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[IM.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Historical origins of the Health Belief Model]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Health Educ Behav.]]></source>
<year>1974</year>
<page-range>328-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arredondo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meléndez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Modelos explicativos sobre la utilización de servicios de salud: revisión y análisis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Salud Pub Mex]]></source>
<year>1992</year>
<volume>34</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>36-48</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>OMS</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Tuberculosis. Proseguir la expansión y mejora de un DOTS de calidad]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>OMS</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Informe mundial sobre la tuberculosis 2015]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meza-Palmeros]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez-Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HJ.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Tuberculosis pulmonar en Chiapas: ¿Indicador de violencia estructural y de (in)cumplimiento de derechos humanos?]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Page]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Enfermedades del rezago y emergentes desde las ciencias sociales y la salud pública.]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<page-range>37-58</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[San Cristóbal de Las Casas, Chiapas ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Programa de Investigaciones Multidisciplinarias sobre Mesoamérica y el Sureste, Instituto de Investigaciones Antropológicas, UNAM]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meza-Palmeros]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez-Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Freyermuth-Enciso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez-Ramírez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[El gradiente socioeconómico de la mortalidad por tuberculosis en México (2004-2008)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Población y Salud en Mesoamérica]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>OMS</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Estrategia de la OMS para acabar con la tuberculosis]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[César]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Cabezas-Sánchez]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Enfermedades infecciosas desatendidas: un permanente reto para la salud pública y la equidad en el Perú.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Perú Med Exp Salud Pub.]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>326-35</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>OMS</collab>
<source><![CDATA[La tuberculosis farmacorresistente alcanza niveles desconocidos hasta ahora]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>OMS</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Reducir el precio del tratamiento para la tuberculosis multirresistente mediante el Servicio Farmacéutico Mundial]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caminero Luna]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JA.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Guía de la tuberculosis para médicos especialistas]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[París ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Unión Internacional contra la tuberculosis y enfermedades respiratorias]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bencomo Alerm]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La tuberculosis pulmonar en los Altos de Chiapas. Una perspectiva desde la experiencia del padecimiento]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Chiapas ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (Ecosur)]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Miranda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morales]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Influencia de la depresión sobre la adherencia al tratamiento en pacientes TB-MDR de la Red Almenara]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Fac Med Hum]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carvajal-Barona]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Stigma and discrimination facing tuberculosis in health workers in the Colombian pacific coast.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Hacia la Promoción de la Salud]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>13-25</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Márquez Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NM.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Características epidemiológicas de los trabajadores con diagnóstico de tuberculosis. Hospital Sergi E. Bernales]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lima, Perú ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de San Martín de Porres]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barreto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Health inequalities: A global perspective]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ciênc Saúde Colet.]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>2097-108</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>World Economic Forum (WEF)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Outlook on the Global Agenda]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Organización Mundial de la Salud, Organización Panamericana de la Salud (OMS/OPS)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[La tuberculosis en la Región de las Américas: Informe Regional 2012. Epidemiología, control y financiamiento.]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Washington, DC ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[OPS]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Parsons]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Laboratory diagnosis of tuberculosis in resource-poor countries: challenges and opportunities]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Clin. Microbiol]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<numero>24</numero>
<issue>24</issue>
<page-range>314-50</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>OMS</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Section Tuberculosis]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Steingart]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Henry]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hopewell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramsay]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cunningham]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Sputum processing methods to improve the sensitivity of smear microscopy for tuberculosis: A systematic review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Lancet Infect Dis.]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>664-74</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dorronsoro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torroba]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Microbiología de la tuberculosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[An Sist Sanit Navar]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<numero>30</numero>
<issue>30</issue>
<page-range>67-86</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez-Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández-Díaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jansá]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Halperin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ascherio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Detection of pulmonary tuberculosis in Chiapas, Mexico]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Annals Epidemiol]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>166-72</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez-Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gómez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bencomo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Romero-Sandoval]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martín]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Tuberculosis and human rights in Chiapas, Mexico]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ribón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Tuberculosis-Expanding Knowledge]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1-42</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Rijeka ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Intech Open Science/Open minds]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Tuberculosis y derecho a la salud]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ecofronteras]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>62</numero>
<issue>62</issue>
<page-range>36-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Munayco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CV]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mújica]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[OJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[León]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FX]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[del Granado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Espinal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MA.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Social determinants and inequalities in tuberculosis incidence in Latin America and the Caribbean]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Panam Salud Pública.]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>38</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>177-85</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B44">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>CEPAL</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Producto Interno Bruto (PIB) de América Latina y el Caribe]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B45">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bergel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SD.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Responsabilidad social en salud]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B46">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Unesco</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Declaración Universal sobre Bioética y Derechos Humanos]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B47">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schramm]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kottow]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Principios bioéticos en salud pública: limitaciones y propuestas]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cad Saúde Pub]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>949-56</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B48">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Llanos-Zavalaga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Velásquez-Hurtado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gotuzzo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Tuberculosis y salud pública: ¿Derechos individuales o derechos colectivos?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Perú Med Exp Salud Publica]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>259-64</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B49">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Quiroz Avilés]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Análisis ético del consentimiento informado en pacientes tratados por tuberculosis]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Perú ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Mayor De San Marcos]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B50">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muñoz del Carpio-Toia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cultural adequacy and training with respect to the informed consent process in a school nutrition project for an aymara indigenous community in Peru]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[pers.bioet.]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>78-91</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B51">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dawson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jennings]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The place of solidarity in public health ethics]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Public Health Reviews]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>34</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>65-79</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B52">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gunson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Solidarity and the Universal Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Med Philos]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>34</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>241-60</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B53">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Prainsack]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The &#8220;we&#8221; in the &#8220;me&#8221; solidarity and health care in the era of personalized medicine]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Science, Technology, &amp; Human Values]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>43</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>21-44</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B54">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muñoz del Carpio-Toia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez-Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López-Dávila]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LM.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Bioética y salud pública en América Latina: vulnerabilidad, pobreza e investigación en tuberculosis]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[León Correa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sorokin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Bioética y Salud Pública en y para América Latina]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<page-range>251-29</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Santiago ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Felaibe]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B55">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Oficina del Alto Comisionado de las Naciones Unidas para los Derechos Humanos</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Pacto Internacional de Derechos Civiles y Políticos]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B56">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Oficina del Alto Comisionado de las Naciones Unidas para los Derechos Humanos</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Pacto Internacional de Derechos Económicos, Sociales y Culturales]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B57">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Declaración de Moscú para poner fin a la Tuberculosis. Primera Conferencia Ministerial Mundial de la OMS. Poner fin a la tuberculosis en la era del desarrollo sostenible: una respuesta multisectorial]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Moscú (Federación de Rusia) ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B58">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vélez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez-Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[León-Cortés]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Las TIC en el sector salud mexicano, ¿suficiente para alcanzar la cobertura universal?]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Chiapas ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[El Colegio de la Frontera Sur]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B59">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Di Gennaro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pizzo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cebola]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stubbs]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Monno]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Saracino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Social determinants of therapy failure and multi drug resistance among people with tuberculosis: A review.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Tuberculosis (Edinb)]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<numero>103</numero>
<issue>103</issue>
<page-range>44-51</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B60">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ML]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cid]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MC.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Autonomía vs bien común. ¿Es éticamente aceptable el rechazo al tratamiento antituberculoso?: A propósito de un caso.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Am Med Resp.]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>109-11</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B61">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Ministerio de Salud Pública, Dirección Nacional de Epidemiología</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Programa Nacional de Control de la Tuberculosis en Cuba]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[La Habana ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B62">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Palmero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ritacco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Tuberculosis drogorresistente e inequidad. Manejo en países con recursos limitados]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[León Correa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sorokin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Bioética y Salud Pública en y para América Latina]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Santiago ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Felaibe]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
