<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0123-4226</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista U.D.C.A Actualidad & Divulgación Científica]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[rev.udcaactual.divulg.cient.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0123-4226</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0123-42262025000200010</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31910/rudca.v28.n2.2025.2553</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Relación del carbono orgánico y el nitrógeno total con otras variables del suelo en ganaderías del departamento de Antioquia, Colombia]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Relationship of organic carbon and total nitrogen with other soil variables in livestock in the department of Antioquia, Colombia]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ortega-Monsalve]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Manuela]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Medina-Sierra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marisol]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cerón-Muñoz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mario Fernando]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Antioquia Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Magister en Ciencias Animales Grupo de Investigación GAMMA: Agrociencias, Biodiversidad y Territorio]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Medellín Antioquia]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Antioquia Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Grupo de Investigación GAMMA: Agrociencias, Biodiversidad y Territorio]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Medellín Antioquia]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Antioquia Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Grupo de Investigación GAMMA: Agrociencias, Biodiversidad y Territorio]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Medellín Antioquia]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>28</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0123-42262025000200010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0123-42262025000200010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0123-42262025000200010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Las relaciones establecidas entre los distintos nutrientes del suelo pueden influir en las condiciones para el crecimiento de las plantas. En este caso, las producciones ganaderas dependen de la biomasa de los pastos para alimentar a los animales. Se determinó la relación del carbono orgánico (CO), el nitrógeno (N) total empleando modelos aditivos generalizados (GAM), por medio de análisis de regresiones y suavizados, en suelos dedicados a la producción bovina de leche, carne y doble propósito. En los modelos se incluyeron nutrientes presentes en el suelo y efectos del ambiente, como la ubicación. Se determinó el ajuste por medio de la Devianza y el R2 y se realizó un análisis descriptivo de las relaciones entre las variables incluidas en los modelos y sus distribuciones espaciales para cada tipo de producción. El CO se relacionó con variables del suelo, como la densidad aparente (DA), la capacidad de intercambio catiónico (CIC), el pH y el N total. El N total se relacionó con el CO, la arcilla (Ar), el potasio (K) y el zinc (Zn). Los suelos del Norte y Oriente del departamento, dedicados a la producción de leche, registraron niveles más altos de CO, mientras que el Urabá y Magdalena Medio, dedicados a la producción de carne, registraron valores más bajos. Para el N total, el Norte y el Oriente presentaron valores menores que las demás regiones. Las relaciones carbono/nitrógeno (C/N) encontradas para las producciones no presentaron una relación lineal; los valores de dichas relaciones dependen del contenido de N total del suelo.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT The relationships among different nutrients in the soil can influence conditions for plant growth. In this case, livestock production depends on the biomass produced by pastures to feed the animals. The relationship between organic carbon (CO) and total nitrogen (N) was determined using generalized additive models (GAM) through regression analysis and smoothing in soils destined for dairy, meat, and dual-purpose bovine production. Nutrients present in the soil and environmental effects, such as location, were included in the models. The adjustment was determined using Deviance and R2, and a descriptive analysis of the relationships between the variables included in the models and their spatial distributions for each type of production was conducted. CO was related to soil variables such as apparent density (AD), cation exchange capacity (CEC), pH, and total N. Total N was associated with CO, clay (Ar), potassium (K), and zinc (Zn). The soils in the North and East of the department, dedicated to milk production, show higher CO levels, while Urabá and Magdalena Medio, dedicated to meat production, presented low values. For total N, the North and East had lower values compared to the other regions. The carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratios found for the productions did not show a linear relationship; the values of these relationships depend on the total N content of the soil.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Modelos aditivos generalizados]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Producción bovina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Relación carbono-nitrógeno]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Sistemas sostenibles]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Suelos tropicales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Bovine production]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Carbon-nitrogen relationship]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Generalized additive models]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Sustainable systems]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Tropical soils]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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