<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0123-4870</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Folios]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Folios]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0123-4870</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Pedagógica Nacional ]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0123-48702020000100163</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17227/folios.51-8676</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Factores que influyen en el aprendizaje del inglés de los bachilleres de Pasto, Colombia]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Factors Influencing English Language Learning of High School Students in Pasto, Colombia]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Fatores que influenciam o aprendizado de inglês de estudantes do ensino médio em Pasto, Colômbia]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bastidas-A.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jesús Alirio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muñoz-Ibarra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gaby]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Nariño Departamento de Lingüística e Idiomas ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Pasto ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Nariño Departamento de Lingüística e Idiomas ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Pasto ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>51</numero>
<fpage>163</fpage>
<lpage>181</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0123-48702020000100163&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0123-48702020000100163&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0123-48702020000100163&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen En la literatura de la Adquisición de una Segunda Lengua (ASL), campo desarrollado en contextos donde la lengua se utiliza como medio de comunicación, y de Aprendizaje de una Lengua Extranjera (AILE), subcampo en el que la lengua se utiliza fundamentalmente como asignatura de estudio en las aulas de clase, se han identificado varios factores que contribuyen a su aprendizaje. Para avanzar en esta línea de investigación sobre factores que inciden en el aprendizaje de las lenguas, se diseñó un estudio sustentado en un paradigma empírico-analítico y en un método descriptivo, cuyo objetivo general fue analizar los factores internos y externos que tienen una mayor influencia sobre el nivel de aprendizaje del inglés como lengua extranjera (AILE), según las percepciones de los estudiantes y profesores de bachillerato de Pasto. Los datos fueron recogidos por medio de dos cuestionarios, aplicados a 113 estudiantes recién egresados de bachillerato y a 25 profesores. Los resultados indicaron que según las percepciones de los estudiantes y de los profesores, tanto factores externos como internos contribuyen positivamente en el AILE. Sin embargo, los factores externos que parecen contribuir más se relacionan, por una parte, con 1) el ambiente del aprendizaje en el aula, 2) el currículo institucional, 3) la preparación profesional de los profesores, 4) el papel de la comunidad local y 5) el papel de las políticas nacionales. Por otra parte, mientras los profesores resaltaron los factores internos de carácter cognitivo y afectivo, los estudiantes destacaron los factores cognitivos y lingüísticos.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The review of the literature related to Second Language Acquisition and Foreign Language Learning has shown several factors that promote their learning process, both in natural and academic contexts. In order to advance the area of factors affecting second or foreign language learning, the researchers have conducted a study based on an empirical-analytical paradigm and a descriptive method, whose general objective was "to analyze the internal and external factors which might have a major influence on the level of English as a foreign language learning (EFLL), according to the perceptions of students and teachers of secondary school in Pasto". The data was gathered through two questionnaires applied on 113 students who have just graduated from high school and 25 teachers. The results indicated that both external and internal factors impact positively to EFLL, according to the students' and teachers' perceptions. However, the most relevant external factors are related, on the one hand, to 1) the learning environment in the classroom, 2) the institutional curriculum, 3) the teachers' professional preparation, 4) the role of the local community, and 5) the role of national educational policies. On the other hand, while the teachers stood out the cognitive and affective internal factors, the students highlighted the cognitive and linguistic factors.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo Na literatura da Aquisição de uma segunda língua (ASL), um campo desenvolvido em contextos em que a linguagem é usada como meio de comunicação e de Aprendizagem de uma língua estrangeira (ALE), um subcampo no qual a linguagem é usada principalmente como objeto de estudo nas salas de aula, vários fatores que contribuem para sua aprendizagem foram identificados. Para avançar nessa linha de pesquisa sobre fatores que afetam o aprendizado de idiomas, foi elaborado um estudo baseado em um paradigma empírico-analítico e em um método descritivo, cujo objetivo geral era analisar fatores internos e externos que exercem maior influência sobre o nível de aprendizagem de inglês como língua estrangeira (AILE), de acordo com as percepções de alunos e professores do ensino médio de Pasto. Os dados foram coletados por meio d; dois questionários, aplicados a 113 alunos recém-formados do ensino médio e 25 professores. Os resultados indicaram que, de acordo com as percepções de alunos e professores, fatores externos e internos contribuem positivamente na AILE. No entanto, fatores externos que parecem contribuir mais estão relacionados, por um lado, a 1) o ambiente de aprendizagem em sala de aula, 2) o currículo institucional, 3) a preparação profissional dos professores, 4) o papel da comunidade local e 5) o papel das políticas nacionais. Por outro lado, enquanto os professores destacaram fatores cognitivos e afetivos internos, os alunos destacaram fatores cognitivos e linguísticos.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[aprendizaje de las lenguas extranjeras]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[contexto social]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[cognición-emoción]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[inglés como lengua extranjera]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[educación secundaria]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[foreign language learning]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[social context]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[cognition-emotion]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[English as a foreign language]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[secondary education]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[aprendizagem de línguas estrangeiras]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[contexto social]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[cognição-emoção]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Inglês como língua estrangeira]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[ensino médio]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alonso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Díaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mayora]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moreno]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ochoa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Bilingüismo en Santiago de Cali: Análisis de la evolución de los resultados de las Pruebas SABER 11]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cali ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Icesi]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alsayed]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Factors that contribute to success in learning English as a foreign language]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Damascus University Journal]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<numero>1-2</numero>
<issue>1-2</issue>
<page-range>21-52</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Avella]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Camargo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Exploring student's beliefs about learning English in two public institutions]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cuadernos de Lingüística Aplicada]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<page-range>76-92</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bastidas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[EFL in the Colombian high schools: From ivory tower to the poorest high School in Colombia]]></source>
<year>1991</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ Lecture presented at the 26th ASOCOPI Convention]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc> </conf-loc>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá., D.C ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bastidas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La educación inicial de los profesores de lenguas extranjeras: Un proyecto basado en lineamientos curriculares]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Pasto, Colombia ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial Universidad de Nariño]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bastidas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[More than half a century teaching EFL in Colombia secondary schools: Tracing back our footprints to understand the present]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[HOW]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>10-26</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bastidas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muñoz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La enseñanza del inglés en la educación secundaria en Colombia desde 1972 hasta 1994: Una historia desde los programas, los métodos y los textos]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Pasto ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial Universidad de Nariño]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bastidas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muñoz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Hacia una comprensión del bajo nivel de inglés de bachilleres en pasto, Colombia]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ Ponencia presentada en el X Coloquio Internacional de Investigación en Lenguas Extranjeras]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc>Veracruz, México </conf-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bastidas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muñoz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Fundamentos para el desarrollo Profesional de los profesores de inglés]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Pasto ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Graficolor Editores]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Batstone]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Issues and options in sociocognition]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Batstone]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Sociocognitive perspectives on language use and language learning]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Oxford ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Oxford University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brown]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Principles of language learning and teaching]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<edition>Fifth</edition>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[White Plains. NY ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Pearson-Longman, Inc]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cardona]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hanley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Estado actual de la enseñanza del inglés en los colegios de educación básica secundaria y media vocacional de Caldas]]></source>
<year>1985</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Manizales, Caldas ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Caldas]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cheng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dörnyei]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The use of motivational strategies in language instruction: The case of EFL teaching in Taiwan]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>153-74</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Council of Europe</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Common European framework of reference for languages: Learning, teaching, assessment]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cambridge ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Cambridge University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dörnyei]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Motivation and motivating in the foreign language classroom]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Modern Language Journal]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<volume>78</volume>
<page-range>273-84</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dörnyei]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Csizér]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Ten Commandments for motivating language learners: Results of an empirical study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Language Teaching Research]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<page-range>203-29</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eccles]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Subjective task value and the Eccles et al. Model of achievement-related choices]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Elliot]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dweck]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Handbook of competence and motivation]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<page-range>105-21</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[New York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Guilford Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ellis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The study of second language acquisition]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Oxford ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Oxford University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ellis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Understanding second language acquisition]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<edition>Second</edition>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Oxford ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Oxford University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>English First</collab>
<source><![CDATA[EF EPI Proficiency English]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>English First</collab>
<source><![CDATA[EF EPI Proficiency English]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Escalante Angulo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[El problema y la hipótesis]]></source>
<year>1987</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[ICFES]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gardner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Social psychology and second language learning: The role of attitudes and motivation]]></source>
<year>1985</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[London ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Edward Arnold]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gómez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La enseñanza del inglés en Colombia: Su historia y sus métodos]]></source>
<year>1971</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá, D.E. ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional de Colombia]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Faustino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Un estudio sobre la enseñanza de lenguas extranjeras en colegios públicos de la ciudad de Cali]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Lenguaje]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>34</volume>
<page-range>217-50</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hidalgo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caicedo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La enseñanza del inglés en la educación secundaria en Colombia, el contexto: Una historia desde los programas, los métodos y los textos: 1972-1994]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cali, Colombia ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Poemia su Casa Editorial]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>ICFES</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Balance: Así les fue a los estudiantes del país en la prueba Saber 11°]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Icfes]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Johnson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Second language teacher education: A socio-cultural perspective]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[New York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Routledge Taylor &amp; Francis Group]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Larsen-Freeman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Long]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[An introduction to second language acquisition research]]></source>
<year>1991</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[London, Longman ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[León]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. I]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Factors that affect the English language teaching/learning process in Ecuadorian public high school]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Ecuador ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Quesada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Social factors involved in second language learning A case study from the Pacific Campus, Universidad de Costa Rica]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista de Lenguas Modernas]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<page-range>435-51</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mackey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W. F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jakobovits]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Foreign Language Learning: A Psycholinguistic analysis of the issues]]></source>
<year>1970</year>
<page-range>VII-XIII</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Rowley, Mass ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Newbury House]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Madrid]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Internal and external factors affecting foreign language teaching and learning]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ Actas de las Segundas Jornadas de Estudios Ingleses]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc>Jaén, España </conf-loc>
<page-range>59-82</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Madrid]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ortega]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jiménez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gomis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Robinson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Sources of motivation in the EFL Classroom]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ Actas de las VIII Jornadas Pedagógicas para la Enseñanza del Inglés]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc>Granada, España </conf-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mahmoudi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mahmoudi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Internal and external factors affecting learning English as a foreign language]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Language and Linguistics]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>313-22</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Consejo de Europa</collab>
<collab>Instituto Cervantes</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Referencia para las Lenguas: Aprendizaje, Enseñanza, Evaluación]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Misbah]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mohamad]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yunces]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ya&#8217;acob]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Identifying the factors contributing to students' difficulties in the English Language Learning]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Creative Education]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>8</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Introducción al pensamiento complejo]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Barcelona ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Gedisa]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muñoz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Aprender idiomas]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Barcelona ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Ediciones Paidos, S. A]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Navarrete]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La enseñanza de idiomas extranjeros en Colombia]]></source>
<year>1970</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Austin, TX, USA ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[University of Texas]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Norris]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ortega]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effectiveness of L2 instruction: A research synthesis and quantitative meta-analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Language Learning]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>50</volume>
<page-range>417-528</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Quesada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Teachers'factors that influence the English language teaching-learning process in Ecuadorian high schools in the context of e-education and society]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ 12Iberian Conference on Information Systems and Technologies (CISTI)]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc>Lisbon, Portugal </conf-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Quintanilla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[English in Colombia]]></source>
<year>1971</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[ERIC Document]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B44">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Richards]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Platt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Weber]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Longman dictionary of applied linguistics]]></source>
<year>1985</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Harlow, Essex ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Longman]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B45">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Bilingüismo en Colombia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Documentos de Trabajo sobre Economía Regional]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>121</volume>
<page-range>1-46</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B46">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sanz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Adult second language acquisition]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Washington, DC ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Georgetown University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B47">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schunk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pintrich]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Motivation in education: Theory, research, and applications]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Upper Saddle River, NJ ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Pearson-Merrill Prentice Hall]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B48">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Seedhouse]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A framework for conceptualizing learning in applied linguistics]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Walsh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jenks]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Seedhouse]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Conceptualizing 'Learning' in applied linguistics]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<page-range>240-56</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[New York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Palgrave Macmillan]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B49">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Souriyavongsa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rany]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zainol]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mei]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Factors cause students low language learning: A case study in the National University of Laos]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of English Language Education]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>179-92</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B50">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stansfield]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. W]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The teaching of English in Colombian public secondary schools]]></source>
<year>1972</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Miami, USA ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[The University of Florida]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B51">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stern]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Fundamental concepts of language teaching]]></source>
<year>1983</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Oxford ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Oxford University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B52">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Strevens]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[New orientations in the teaching of English]]></source>
<year>1977</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Oxford ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Oxford University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B53">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vygotsky]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Mind in society]]></source>
<year>1978</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cambridge, Mass ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Harvard University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B54">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wigfield]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Expectancy-value theory of achievement motivation: a developmental perspective]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Educational Psychology review]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<page-range>49-78</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B55">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wigfield]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tonks]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eccles]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Expectancy value theory in cross-cultural perspective]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McInerney]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Etten]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. Van]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Big theories revisited]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<page-range>165-98</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Greenwich, CT ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Information Age Publishing]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
