0123-5923
0123-5923
S0123-59232023000100067
10.18046/j.estger.2023.166.5439
Spain
España
00
03
2023
00
03
2023
39
166
67
76
[
2019
11
15
15
]
[
2006
30
1
1
1-22
]
[
2012
41
5
5
726-58
]
[
2021
395-414
]
[
Banco Mundial
2016
]
[
2021
81
93-112
]
[
2009
2
2
30-41
]
[
1979
4
4
4
497-505
]
[
1999
38
3
3
268-95
]
[
2014
]
[
1916
24
3
3
209-29
]
[
2007
22
1
1
29-49
]
[
Comisión Europea
2020
]
[
2016
68-82
]
[
2004
14
4
4
411-24
]
[
1968
11
2
2
237-8
]
[
2017
29
7-8
7-8
575-85
]
[
2009
30
8
8
887-907
]
[
2011
7
1
1
93-109
]
[
2006
52
2
2
220-32
]
[
1989
14
4
4
532-50
]
[
2003
45
4
4
35-51
]
[
2013
52
1
1
64-104
]
[
2020
]
[
2022
62
1
1
709-37
]
[
2010
57
]
[
2013
3
2
2
111-23
]
[
2015
6
3
3
352-78
]
[
2011
207
1
1
5-21
]
[
2016
137
347-60
]
[
2008
32
9
9
1723-42
]
[
2019
]
[
2013
31
7
7
737-46
]
[
2011
13
205-33
]
[
2015
27
27
21-39
]
[
2011
5
3
3
]
[
2021
50
1
1
177-96
]
[
1981
26
1
1
58-65
]
[
2016
53
5
5
695-737
]
[
2009
24
5
5
519-32
]