<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0123-7799</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[TecnoLógicas]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[TecnoL.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0123-7799</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Tecnológico Metropolitano - ITM]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0123-77992021000300058</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22430/22565337.1992</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Comparison and Validation of Models for the Design of Optimal Economic Pipe Diameters: A Case Study in the Anseba Region, Eritrea]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Comparación y validación de modelos para el diseño de diámetros óptimos económicos de tuberías: estudio de caso en la región de Anseba, Eritrea]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arumugam]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Aanandsundar]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Subramani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sobana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kibrom]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Haben]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gebreamlak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Medhanie]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mengstu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Michael]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Teame]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Merhawit]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bolonia ]]></addr-line>
<country>Italy</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Easwari Engineering College, Affiliated to Anna University  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Chennai ]]></addr-line>
<country>India</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hamelmalo Agricultural College  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Keren ]]></addr-line>
<country>Eritrea</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hamelmalo Agricultural College  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Keren ]]></addr-line>
<country>Eritrea</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hamelmalo Agricultural College  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Keren ]]></addr-line>
<country>Eritrea</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af6">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hamelmalo Agricultural College  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Keren ]]></addr-line>
<country>Eritrea</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>24</volume>
<numero>52</numero>
<fpage>58</fpage>
<lpage>83</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0123-77992021000300058&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0123-77992021000300058&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0123-77992021000300058&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract An optimal design for a pressurized flow pipe network is characterized by being economical and contributing the least amount of losses during water transmission through the system. The diameter of a pipe in a network system that delivers the desired effect with the minimum amount of waste and expenses is referred to as an optimal pipe size. The Life-Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) model is widely recognized as the recommended standard technique to estimate the optimal pipe size for any pipe flow network system. Numerous empirical formulas have been proposed to simplify the computations required in this economic analysis model. This study seeks to compare the various empirical models that have been proposed by different authors based on a variety of physical variables involved in fluid flow dynamics. Eleven different empirical equations were chosen in order to select the optimal diameter for the network at the Hamelmalo Agricultural College farm located in the Anseba region of Eritrea for the distribution of water to the different sub-plots. The estimated diameters were compared to the standard diameter calculated using the standard LCCA method. This comparison was based on the estimated total head losses and economic analysis of the pipe diameters chosen for such network. Moreover, a statistical analysis was conducted to obtain the best-fit recommended modeled diameter for the network. The Bresse&#8217;s model performance was the most adequate when compared with the LCCA model.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Un diseño óptimo para una red de tuberías de flujo presurizado se caracteriza por ser económico y por evitar la menor cantidad de pérdidas durante la transmisión de agua a través del sistema. Por su parte, un tamaño de tubería óptimo hace referencia al diámetro de una tubería en un sistema de red que brinda el efecto deseado generando una cantidad mínima de desperdicios y gastos. El modelo de análisis del costo del ciclo de vida (LCCA, por sus siglas en inglés) es ampliamente reconocido como la técnica estándar recomendada para estimar el tamaño de tubería óptimo para cualquier sistema de red de tuberías. Se han propuesto múltiples fórmulas empíricas que buscan simplificar los cálculos inherentes en dicho modelo de análisis económico. El objetivo de este estudio consistió en comparar los modelos empíricos que varios autores han propuesto, a partir de diversas variables físicas involucradas en la dinámica del flujo de líquidos, con el fin de seleccionar el diámetro óptimo para la red en la granja del Hamelmalo Agricultural College, ubicada en la región de Anseba, en Eritrea,y su distribución de agua a las distintas subparcelas. Para ello se eligieron once ecuaciones empíricas diferentes. Los diámetros resultantes se compararon con el diámetro estándar calculado, utilizando, a su vez, el método estándar de análisis del costo del ciclo de vida. Dicha comparación se basó en la estimación de las pérdidas de carga total y el análisis económico de los diámetros de tubería elegidos para dicha red. Además, se realizó un análisis estadístico para obtener el diámetro modelado recomendado con el mejor ajuste para la red. El rendimiento del modelo de Bresse fue el más adecuado en comparación con el modelo LCCA.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Optimal pipe size design]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Pressurized flow network]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Life-cycle cost analysis model]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Empirical equation models]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Statistical analysis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Diseño de tamaños de tubería óptimo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[red de flujo presurizado]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[modelo de análisis del costo del ciclo de vida]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[modelos de ecuaciones empíricas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[análisis estadístico]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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