<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0123-921X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Tecnura]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Tecnura]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0123-921X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0123-921X2022000200114</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14483/22487638.16824</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Portland Cement Mortars Tested with Two Superplasticizers: A Case Study to Reduce Cement and Water in Concrete]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Morteros de cemento Portland probados con dos superplastificantes: estudio de caso para la reducción de cemento y agua en concretos]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muñoz-Zapata]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Andrea]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cifuentes-Mosquera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sergio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Colorado-Lopera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Henry A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Antioquia  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Medellín ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Industrial de Santander  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Medellín ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Colombia  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Medellín ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>72</numero>
<fpage>114</fpage>
<lpage>146</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0123-921X2022000200114&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0123-921X2022000200114&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0123-921X2022000200114&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Objective: This research aims to reduce Portland cement contents in concrete by using small amounts of additives as an Industry-University partnership strategy towards a circular economy of concrete in Medellín, Colombia.  Methodology: Using a multilevel factorial statistical model, mortar mixes were prepared with two different super-plasticizers: additive 1, based on policarboxilate; and additive 2 based on naftalene. Samples were evaluated at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days of curing via compression tests. The aforementioned model was implemented in order to study the influence of additives on the cement mortar mix. The microstructure was analyzed with x-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy.  Results: The results revealed that both additives improved workability. Additive 1 showed better overall properties, which is why this research focused on it.  Conclusions: Additive 1 (based on polycarboxylate) reduces the water-to-cement from 0,485 to 0,38, which corresponds with a cement reduction of 7,3% and a water reduction of 27,3%.  Financing: Composites research group - Universidad de Antioquia, CONASFALTOS.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Objetivo: Esta investigación tiene como objetivo reducir el contenido de cemento Portland en el concreto mediante el uso de bajas cantidades de aditivos. Esto, como estrategia de la asociación Industria-Universidad hacia la economía circular de hormigón en Medellín, Colombia.  Metodología: Utilizando un modelo estadístico factorial y multinivel, se prepararon mezclas de mortero con dos superplastificantes diferentes: el aditivo 1, basado en policarboxilato; y el aditivo 2, basado en naftaleno. Las muestras se evaluaron a los 7, 14, 21 y 28 días de curado mediante pruebas de compresión. El modelo mencionado se implementó para estudiar la influencia de los aditivos en la mezcla de mortero de cemento. La microestructura se analizó con difracción de rayos X y microscopía electrónica de barrido.  Resultados: Los resultados revelaron que ambos aditivos mejoraron la trabajabilidad. El aditivo 1 mostró mejores propiedades generales, por lo que esta investigación se enfocó en él.  Conclusiones: El aditivo 1 (basado en policarboxilato) reduce la relación agua/cemento de 0,485 a 0,38, lo cual corresponde a una reducción de cemento del 7,3 % y una reducción de agua del 27,3 %.  Financiamiento: Grupo de investigación CCComposites - Universidad de Antioquia, CONASFALTOS.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[superplastificante]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[aditivo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[mortero]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[cementos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[concreto]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[superplasticizer]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[additive]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[mortar]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[cements]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[concrete]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aïtcin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.-C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Flatt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Science and Technology of Concrete Admixtures]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<edition>1</edition>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Woodhead Publishing, Elsevier]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>ASTM International</collab>
<source><![CDATA[ASTM C231: Standard test method for air content of freshly mixed concrete by the pressure method]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[American Society for Testing and Materials]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>ASTM International</collab>
<source><![CDATA[ASTM 494: Standard Specification for Chemical Admixtures for Concrete]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[American Society for Testing and Materials]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>ASTM International</collab>
<source><![CDATA[ASTM 230: Standard specification for flow table for use in tests of hydraulic cement]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[American Society for Testing and Materials]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>ASTM International</collab>
<source><![CDATA[ASTM C191: Standard Test Methods for Time of Setting of Hydraulic Cement by Vicat Needle]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<month>a</month>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[American Society for Testing and Materials]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>ASTM International</collab>
<source><![CDATA[ASTM C109: Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or [50-mm] Cube Specimens).]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<month>b</month>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[American Society for Testing and Materials]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Azmee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shafiq]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Ultra-high performance concrete: From fundamental to applications]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Case Studies in Construction Materials]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brooks]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Johari]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. A. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mazloom]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effect of admixtures on the setting times of high-strength concrete]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cement and Concrete Composites]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>293-301</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Burgos-Montes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Palacios]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rivilla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Puertas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Compatibility between superplasticizer admixtures and cements with mineral additions]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Construction and Building Materials]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<numero>31</numero>
<issue>31</issue>
<page-range>300-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carter Jr.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. W]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Efficient factorial designs and the analysis of macromolecular crystal growth conditions]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Methods]]></source>
<year>1990</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>12-24</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Colorado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garcia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Buchely]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[White Ordinary Portland Cement blended with superfine steel dust with high zinc oxide contents]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Construction and Building Materials]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<numero>112</numero>
<issue>112</issue>
<page-range>816-24</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Colorado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Velásquez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. I. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Monteiro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. N]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Sustainability of additive manufacturing: the circular economy of materials and environmental perspectives]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Materials Research and Technology]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>8221-34</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Colorado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.-M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Inorganic phosphate cement fabricated with wollastonite, barium titanate, and phosphoric acid]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cement and Concrete Composites]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<numero>62</numero>
<issue>62</issue>
<page-range>13-21</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[de Azevedo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. R. G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Economic potential comparative of reusing different industrial solid wastes in cementitious composites: a case study in Brazil]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Costa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cecchin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pereira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marvila]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Adesina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Environment, Development and Sustainability]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<numero>24</numero>
<issue>24</issue>
<page-range>5938-1</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[de Azevedo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. R. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marvila]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Antunes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. L. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rangel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fediuk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Technological Perspective for Use the Natural Pineapple Fiber in Mortar to Repair Structures]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Waste and Biomass Valorization]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
<page-range>5131-45</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Diamond]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bonen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Microstructure of hardened cement paste -a new interpretation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of the American Ceramic Society]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<volume>76</volume>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
<page-range>2993-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dransfield]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Admixtures]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Forde]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[ICE manual of construction materials: Volume I/II: Fundamentals and theory; Concrete; Asphalts in road construction; Masonry]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<page-range>91-100</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[ICE Publishing]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[El-Gamal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. M. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Al-Nowaiser]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Al-Baity]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. O]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effect of superplasticizers on the hydration kinetic and mechanical properties of Portland cement pastes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Advanced Research]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>119-24</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Florez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Colorado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alajo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Giraldo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. H. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The material characterization and gamma attenuation properties of Portland cement-Fe3O4 composites for potential dry cask applications]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Progress in Nuclear Energy]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<numero>111</numero>
<issue>111</issue>
<page-range>65-73</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Florez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Colorado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Giraldo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. H. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alajo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Preparation and characterization of Portland cement pastes with Sm2O3 microparticle additions for neutron shielding applications]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Construction and Building Materials]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<numero>191</numero>
<issue>191</issue>
<page-range>498-506</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Galan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Glasser]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Andrade]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Assessment of the protective effect of carbonation on portlandite crystals]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cement and Concrete Research]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<numero>74</numero>
<issue>74</issue>
<page-range>68-77</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Juárez-Badillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rico-Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Mecánica de suelos: fundamentos de la mecánica de suelos]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[LIMUSA-Noriega Editores]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Juenger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. C. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Siddique]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Recent advances in understanding the role of supplementary cementitious materials in concrete]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cement and Concrete Research]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>78</volume>
<page-range>71-80</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[&#321;a&#378;niewska-Piekarczyk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The influence of chemical admixtures on cement hydration and mixture properties of very high performance self-compacting concrete]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Construction and Building Materials]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<numero>49</numero>
<issue>49</issue>
<page-range>643-62</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hewlett]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liska]]></surname>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Lea&#8217;s Chemistry of Cement and Concrete]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<edition>5</edition>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Elsevier Science]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lohtia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Joshi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramachandran]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V. S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Concrete Admixtures Handbook - Properties, Science, and Technology]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<edition>2</edition>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Noyes Publications]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mollah]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. Y. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Adams]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schennach]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cocke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A review of cement-superplasticizer interactions and their models]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Advances in Cement Research]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>153-61</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nuruddin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Azmee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N. M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Workability and compressive strength of ductile self compacting concrete (DSCC) with various cement replacement materials]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Construction and Building Materials]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<numero>55</numero>
<issue>55</issue>
<page-range>153-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Plank]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sakai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Miao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.-W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.-X]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Chemical admixtures-Chemistry, applications and their impact on concrete microstructure and durability]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cement and Concrete Research]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>78</volume>
<page-range>81-99</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Quintero-Dávila]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Monteiro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Colorado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Composites of Portland cement and fibers of Guadua angustifolia Kunth from Colombia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Composite Materials]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>53</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>883-92</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramachandran]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Malhotra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jolicoeur]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Spiratos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Suplerplasticizers: properties and applications in concrete]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Natural Resources Canada]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rehan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nehdi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Carbon dioxide emissions and climate change: policy implications for the cement industry]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Environmental Science &amp; Policy]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>105-14</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Revelo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Colorado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[3D printing of kaolinite clay ceramics using the Direct Ink Writing (DIW) technique]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ceramics International]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>44</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>5673-82</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rivva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Concreto de alta resistencia]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<edition>1</edition>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Fondo Editorial ICG]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sakai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kasuga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sugiyama]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Asaga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Daimon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Influence of superplasticizers on the hydration of cement and the pore structure of hardened cement]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cement and Concrete Research]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>36</volume>
<numero>11</numero>
<issue>11</issue>
<page-range>2049-53</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[&#352;eputyt&#279;-Jucik&#279;]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kligys]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The effects of modifying additives and chemical admixtures on the properties of porous fresh and hardened cement paste]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Construction and Building Materials]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<numero>127</numero>
<issue>127</issue>
<page-range>679-91</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Solaiman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Suliman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shinde]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Naz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Application of general multilevel factorial design with formulation of fast disintegrating tablets containing croscaremellose sodium and Disintequick MCC-25]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Elkordy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Pharmaceutics]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>501</volume>
<numero>1-2</numero>
<issue>1-2</issue>
<page-range>87-95</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Telesca]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marroccoli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ibris]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lupiáñez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Díez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Romeo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Montagnaro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Use of oxyfuel combustion ash for the production of blended cements: A synergetic solution toward reduction of CO2 emissions]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Fuel Processing Technology]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<numero>156</numero>
<issue>156</issue>
<page-range>211-20</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Usher]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Angles]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rixom]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ryle]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Guide to chemical admixtures for concrete (Technical Report No. 18)]]></source>
<year>1980</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[The Cement Admixtures Association, Concrete Society]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vergara]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Colorado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Additive manufacturing of Portland cement pastes with additions of kaolin, superplastificant and calcium carbonate]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Construction and Building Materials]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<numero>248</numero>
<issue>248</issue>
<page-range>118669</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yuan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Q.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effect of mineral admixtures on the structural build-up of cement paste]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Construction and Building Materials]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<numero>160</numero>
<issue>160</issue>
<page-range>117-26</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aishah]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salmiah]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ooi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Adsorptive behavior of surfactants on surface of Portland cement]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cement and Concrete Research]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<page-range>1009-15</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Correlations of the dispersing capability of NSF and PCE types of superplasticizer and their impacts on cement hydration with the adsorption in fresh cement pastes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cement and Concrete Research]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>69</volume>
<page-range>1-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
