<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0123-9392</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Infectio]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Infect.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0123-9392</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Asociación Colombiana de Infectología.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0123-93922022000200121</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22354/in.v26i2.1010</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Contribución del uso de XPERT MTB/RIF y su costo-efectividad en el diagnóstico de tuberculosis pulmonar y la resistencia a rifampicina: una comparación con métodos diagnósticos no moleculares]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Contribution of the use of xpert MTB/RIF and its cost-effectiveness in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis and resistance to rifampicin: a comparison with non molecular diagnostic methods]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cadavid]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Claudia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Realpe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Teresa]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mejía]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gloria I]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zapata]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Elsa]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mauricio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Robledo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jaime]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Corporación para Investigaciones Biológicas  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Medellín ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Medellín ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>121</fpage>
<lpage>127</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0123-93922022000200121&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0123-93922022000200121&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0123-93922022000200121&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción: La tuberculosis es un problema de salud pública; su control requiere diagnóstico temprano y tratamiento oportuno. Xpert MTB/RIF® es una tecno logía diagnóstica basada en PCR en tiempo real, detecta el Complejo Mycobacterium tuberculosis y la susceptibilidad a rifampicina.  Objetivo: Determinar la contribución del Xpert MTB/RIF y su costo-efectividad en la detección de tuberculosis y la resistencia a rifampicina en muestras respirato rias al compararlo con métodos de diagnóstico no moleculares  Materiales y Métodos: Se analizaron 1.574 muestras de pacientes con sospecha de tuberculosis pulmonar que fueron procesadas para microscopía con coloración fluorescente de auramina-rodamina, Xpert MTB/RIF y cultivo en BACTEC MGIT 960. Los resultados obtenidos se compararon entre los métodos no moleculares y los moleculares para la detección de M. tuberculosis y susceptibilidad a rifampicina y se realizó un análisis comparativo de costos y costo efectividad.  Resultados: 19,2% de las muestras fueron positivas por alguna de las técnicas usadas. Xpert MTB/RIF detectó M. tuberculosis en 90,4% del total de muestras positivas con un índice Kappa de 0,77 (IC95%: 0,74-0,82) comparado con el cultivo. La resistencia a rifampicina por Xpert fue 8,1%, sensibilidad 94,1% (IC95%: 73,0-99,0%), especificidad 98,4% (IC95%: 95,5-99,5%) y Kappa de 0,88 (IC95%: 0,76-1,00). La razón incremental de costo efectividad (RICE) fue menor en Xpert MTB/RIF comparada con el cultivo.  Conclusión: Xpert MTB/RIF es una prueba eficiente y costo efectiva en la detección de casos de M. tuberculosis en muestras pulmonares comparado con los mé todos de diagnóstico basados en cultivo, sin embargo y a diferencia del Xpert MTB/RIF, estos pueden aportar en el diagnóstico con el aislamiento de especies de micobacterias no tuberculosas y la susceptibilidad a isoniazida y otros medicamentos.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Introduction: Tuberculosis is a public health problem its control requires early diagnosis and timely treatment. Xpert MTB/RIF is a real-time PCR based diagnostic technology, detects the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and rifampicin resistance.  Objective: To determine the contribution of Xpert MTB/RIF and its cost-effectiveness in the detection of potential positive cases for tuberculosis and resistance to rifampicin in respiratory samples comparatively with diagnostic non molecular methods Materials and Methods: From 2013 to 2015, 1.574 clinical samples of patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis were evaluated by smear microscopy using auramina-rodamina stain, Xpert and culture in liquid medium BACTEC MGIT 960®.  Results: 19,2% of the samples were positive for any of the methods used, Xpert detected M. tuberculosis in 90,4% of the positive samples and the concordance between Xpert and cultures had a Kappa index of 0,71 (IC95%: 0,62-0,72). Xpert identified resistance to rifampicin in 8,1% of the clinical samples studied with a sensitivity 94.1% (IC95%: 73,0-99,0%), specificity 98,4% (IC95%: 95,5-99,5%) and Kappa index 0,88 (IC95%: 0,76-1,00). Xpert had an incremental cost effectiveness ratio lower than culture (RICE).  Conclusion: Xpert MTB/Rif is efficient diagnostic technique and comparable with culture in cost effectiveness for pulmonary tuberculosis diagnosis. However, culture based methods, in contrast to Xpert, may allow the isolation and identification of non tuberculosis mycobacterial species and the possibility to perform susceptibility for other antituberculous drugs.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Diagnostico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Análisis Costo-Beneficio]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Xpert MTB/RIF]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[cultivo para micobacterias]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[tuberculosis pulmonar]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Diagnosis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Cost-Benefit Analysis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Xpert MTB/RIF]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[culture for mycobacteria]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Pulmonary tuberculosis]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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