<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0124-0064</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista de Salud Pública]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. salud pública]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0124-0064</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto de Salud Publica, Facultad de Medicina - Universidad Nacional de Colombia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0124-00642022000600010</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15446/rsap.v24n6.102010</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Transición epidemiológica y los desafíos fiscales para garantizar el derecho a la salud: Latinoamérica 2000-2016]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Epidemiological transition and fiscal challenges in guaranteeing the right health: Latin America 2000-2016]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guevara-Zapata]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Tomás A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lizardo-Zelaya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Nelson A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Tecnológica Centroamericana Salud Pública ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Tegucigalpa ]]></addr-line>
<country>Honduras</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Tecnológica Centroamericana Economía y Finanzas ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Tegucigalpa ]]></addr-line>
<country>Honduras</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>24</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0124-00642022000600010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0124-00642022000600010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0124-00642022000600010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Objetivo Analizar el efecto del envejecimiento de la población y las enfermedades no trasmisibles sobre las finanzas públicas, en Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Chile y Uruguay.  Materiales y Métodos Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal no experimental. Se utilizaron datos de las variables gasto público en salud como porcentaje del producto interno bruto, esperanza de vida del nacer, tasa de mortalidad del menor de cinco años, tasa de mortalidad por enfermedades trasmisibles y tasa de mortalidad por enfermedades no trasmisibles, obtenidos del 2000 al 2016. Se aplicó un modelo econométrico de vectores autorregresivos bayesianos, que superó las diferentes pruebas para probar su robustez, estabilidad, ausencia de tendencias, especificidad y nivel de significancia menor del 5 %.  Resultados La tasa de mortalidad por enfermedades no trasmisibles tuvo una mayor incidencia en los países de bajos ingresos, lo cual se atribuyó al acelerado envejecimiento de la población. Esta situación generará una mayor demanda en los presupuestos nacionales, los cuales son limitados en estos países para la atención en salud.  Conclusiones Los hallazgos resaltan la importancia de orientar las políticas públicas de salud hacia la prevención de las enfermedades no trasmisibles, especialmente en los países con recursos limitados. Es fundamental la búsqueda del espacio fiscal para financiar las actividades para el abordaje de los factores de riesgo potencialmente modificables de las enfermedades no trasmisibles para garantizar el derecho a la salud y mejorar la calidad de vida de las personas de mayor edad.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Objective This study aims to analyze the effect of population aging and non-communicable diseases on public finances in Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Chile, and Uruguay.  Materials and Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using non-experimental data. Variables such as Public Health Expenditure as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product, Life Expectancy at Birth, Under-Five Mortality Rate, Mortality Rate from Communicable Diseases, and Mortality Rate from Non-Communicable Diseases were collected from 2000 to 2016. A Bayesian Vector Autoregressive (BVAR) econometric model was applied, which passed various tests to ensure its robustness, stability, absence of trends, specificity, and a significance level below 5 °%.  Results The results indicated that the mortality rate from non-communicable diseases had a greater impact in low-income countries, which was attributed to accelerated population aging. This situation will result in a heightened demand for healthcare services, placing additional strain on the limited national budgets allocated for healthcare provision in these countries.  Conclusions The findings highlight the importance of directing public health policies towards the prevention of non-communicable diseases, particularly in countries with limited resources. It is crucial to find fiscal space to finance activities aimed at addressing potentially modifiable risk factors for non-communicable diseases, to ensure the right to health and improve the quality of life for the elderly population.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Economía de la salud]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[gasto público en salud]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[transición de la salud]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[enfermedades no transmisibles (fuente: DeCS, BIREME)]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Health economics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[public expenditures on health]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[health transition]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[non-communicable diseases (source: MeSH, NLM)]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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