<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0124-4108</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Perspectivas en Nutrición Humana]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Perspect Nut Hum]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0124-4108</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Antioquia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0124-41082019000200159</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17533/udea.penh.v21n2a03</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Consumption of Fortified Wheat Flour and Associations with Anemia and Low Serum Ferritin in Colombia]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Consumo de harina de trigo fortificada en Colombia y su asociación con anemia y ferritina sérica baja]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fothergill]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Amy]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fonesca Centeno]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Zulma Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ocampo Téllez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Paul R]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pachón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Helena]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Cornell University  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>USA</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Colombia  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Colombia  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Emory University  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Atlanta]]></addr-line>
<country>USA</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>21</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>159</fpage>
<lpage>171</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0124-41082019000200159&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0124-41082019000200159&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0124-41082019000200159&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Background: Colombia&#8217;s mandatory wheat flour fortification program has yet to be evaluated.  Objective: Examine associations between consumption of fortified wheat flour and low serum fer¬ritin (LSF) and anemia prevalence.  Materials and Methods: A secondary analysis of the 2005 national nutrition survey (ENSIN) was completed for 3988 children 2-4 y, 5669 children 5-12 y and 2053 non-pregnant women 13-49 y. The relationship between consumption (quartiles) of wheat flour containing food (WFCF) and LSF and anemia was examined using chi-square analyses and logistic regression models.  Results: In adjusted models, controlling for socio-economic status, intake of animal-origin foods, and supplement use in the last 24 hours, a correlation was found between WFCF and anemia in the preschool aged group, when comparing the quartile of highest WFCF consumption with the lowest quartile (OR: 0.7, 95 % CI: 0.6-0.9). The prevalence of LSF was similar across all quartiles of WFCF consumption in all age groups. The highest prevalence of anemia was observed in the lowest WFCF consumption quartiles in all age groups, but was not significantly different in non-pregnant women 13-49 y. No association between WFCF and LSF was observed in adjusted or unadjusted models.  Conclusions: In Colombia, consumption of wheat flour containing foods is associated with lower levels of anemia in pre-school aged children.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Antecedentes: la fortificación obligatoria de harina de trigo en Colombia no se ha evaluado.  Objetivo: examinar las asociaciones entre el consumo de harina y ferritina sérica baja (BSF) y la prevalencia de anemia.  Materiales y métodos: se completó un análisis secundario de la Encuesta Nacional de la Situación Nutricional de 2005 (ENSIN) para 3988 niños de 2-4 años, 5669 escolares de 5-12 años y 2053 mujeres no embarazadas de 13-49 años. Se examinó la relación entre el consumo (cuartiles) de alimentos que contenían harina (ACHT) y la BSF y la anemia mediante análisis de ji al cuadrado y modelos de regresión logística.  Resultados: en modelos ajustados, controlando por el estado socioeconómico, alimentos de origen animal y la ingesta de suplementos en las 24 horas anteriores, existía relación entre ACHT y la anemia en los preescolares, al comparar el cuartil más alto del consumo de ACHT con el cuartil más bajo (OR: 0,7; IC 95 %: 0,6-0,9). No se observó asociación entre ACHT y BFS en modelos ajustados.  Conclusiones: en Colombia, el consumo de alimentos que contienen harina de trigo se asocia con niveles más bajos de anemia en preescolares.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Ferritin]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[hemoglobin]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[fortification]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[wheat flour]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[enrichment]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[effectiveness]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[evaluation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ferritina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[hemoglobina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[fortificación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[harina de trigo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[enriquecimiento]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[efectividad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[evaluación]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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