<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0124-5996</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista de Economía Institucional]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev.econ.inst.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0124-5996</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Externado de Colombia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0124-59962018000200009</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18601/01245996.v20n39.02</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[La explicación causal en economía]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The causal explanation in economics]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[A explicação causal em economia]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lorente S.-B.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luis]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Colombia Facultad de Ciencias Económicas ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>20</volume>
<numero>39</numero>
<fpage>9</fpage>
<lpage>51</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0124-59962018000200009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0124-59962018000200009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0124-59962018000200009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen La teoría económica rehuye las explicaciones de tipo causal y adopta relaciones funcionales y soluciones de equilibrio que suponen alguna forma de simetría entre las variables involucradas. Sin embargo, la causalidad es un supuesto inherente a toda política o decisión económica, que se defiende y adopta solo porque se espera de ella un determinado efecto. La desconfianza proviene de que, en ausencia de un método experimental que aísle unos fenómenos de su entorno y garantice su repetibilidad, es posible imaginar numerosas causas, incluso teleológicas, que interfieren mutuamente y ofrecen un exceso de explicaciones alternativas, sin un criterio claro para escoger entre ellas. Pero existen circunstancias que permiten deducir regularidades de tipo causal en un contexto de cambio dinámico, innovación y desequilibrio permanente. Este artículo desarrolla varios ejemplos sencillos que tienen consecuencias importantes para la teoría económica y sugieren ajustes de fondo en algunas políticas.  JEL:  B41, E60, G23, O31.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Economic theory avoids explanations of causal type and adopts functional relationships and equilibrium solutions that suppose some form of symmetry between the variables involved. However, causality is an inherent assumption of any economic policy or decision, which is defended and adopted only because a certain effect is expected from it. The distrust stems from the fact that, in the absence of an experimental method that isolates phenomena from its environment and guarantees its repeatability, it is possible to imagine numerous causes, even teleological, that interfere with each other and offer an excess of alternative explanations, without a clear criterion to choose among them. However, there are circumstances that allow the deduction of regularities of causal type in a context of dynamic change, innovation and permanent imbalance. This article develops several simple examples that have important consequences for economic theory and suggest fundamental adjustments in some policies.  JEL:  B41, E60, G23, O31.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo A teoria econômica evita as explicações de tipo causal e adota relações funcionais e soluções de equilíbrio que supõem alguma forma de simetria entre as variáveis envolvidas. Contudo, a causalidade é um suposto inerente a toda política ou decisão econômica, que é defendida e adotada somente porque se espera dela um determinado efeito. A desconfiança provém de que, na ausência de um método experimental que isole uns fenômenos de seu contexto e garanta sua repetibilidade, é possível imaginar numerosas causas, inclusive teleológicas, que interferem mutuamente e oferecem um excesso de explicações alternativas, sem um critério claro para escolher entre elas. Porém, existem circunstâncias que permitem deduzir regularidades de tipo causal num contexto de mudança dinâmico, inovação e desequilíbrio permanente. Este artigo desenvolve vários exemplos simples que têm consequências importantes para a teoria econômica e sugerem ajustes de fundo em algumas políticas.  JEL:  B41, E60, G23, O31.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[identidad contable]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[correlación estadística]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[explicación causal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[teoría explicativa]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[análisis macroeconómico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[política económica.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Accounting identity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[statistical correlation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[causal explanation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[explanatory theory]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[macroeconomic analysis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[economic policy.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[identidade contábil]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[correlação estatística]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[explicação causal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[teoria explicativa]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[análise macroeconômica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[política econômica.]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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