<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0124-8170</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Ciencia e Ingeniería Neogranadina]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Cienc. Ing. Neogranad.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0124-8170</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Militar Nueva Granada]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0124-81702020000100009</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18359/rcin.4242</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[A Systematic Review of Deep Learning Methods Applied to Ocular Images]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Una revisión sistemática de métodos de aprendizaje profundo aplicados a imágenes oculares]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Perdomo Charry]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Oscar Julián]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fabio Augusto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad del Rosario  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Colombia  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>30</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>9</fpage>
<lpage>26</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0124-81702020000100009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0124-81702020000100009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0124-81702020000100009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: Artificial intelligence is having an important effect on different areas of medicine, and ophthalmology is not the exception. In particular, deep learning methods have been applied successfully to the detection of clinical signs and the classification of ocular diseases. This represents a great potential to increase the number of people correctly diagnosed. In ophthalmology, deep learning methods have primarily been applied to eye fundus images and optical coherence tomography. On the one hand, these methods have achieved outstanding performance in the detection of ocular diseases such as diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, diabetic macular degeneration, and age-related macular degeneration. On the other hand, several worldwide challenges have shared big eye imaging datasets with the segmentation of part of the eyes, clinical signs, and ocular diagnoses performed by experts. In addition, these methods are breaking the stigma of black-box models, with the delivery of interpretable clinical information. This review provides an overview of the state-of-the-art deep learning methods used in ophthalmic images, databases, and potential challenges for ocular diagnosis.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: La inteligencia artificial tiene un importante impacto en diversas áreas de la medicina, y la oftalmología no ha sido la excepción. En particular, los métodos de aprendizaje profundo han sido aplicados con éxito en la detección de signos clínicos y la clasificación de enfermedades oculares. Esto representa un impacto potencial en el incremento de pacientes correcta y oportunamente diagnosticados. En oftalmología, los métodos de aprendizaje profundo se han aplicado principalmente en imágenes de fondo de ojo y tomografia de coherencia óptica. Por un lado, estos métodos han logrado un rendimiento sobresaliente en la detección de enfermedades oculares tales como la retinopatía diabética, el glaucoma, la degeneración macular diabética y la degeneración macular relacionada con la edad. Por otro lado, varios desafíos mundiales han compartido grandes conjuntos de datos con segmentación de parte de los ojos, signos clínicos y el diagnóstico ocular realizado por expertos. Adicionalmente, estos métodos han venido rompiendo el estigma de los modelos de caja negra, proveyendo información clínica interpretable. Esta revisión proporciona una visión general de los métodos de aprendizaje profundo de última generación utilizados en imágenes oftálmicas, bases de datos y posibles desafíos para los diagnósticos oculares.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Clinical signs]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[ocular diseases]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[ocular dataset]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[deep learning]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[clinical diagnosis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[hallazgos clínicos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[enfermedades oculares]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[bases de datos oculares, aprendizaje profundo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[diagnóstico clínico]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>[1]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stitt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lois]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Medina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Adamson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Curtis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Advances in Our Understanding of Diabetic Retinopathy]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Clinical Science]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>125</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1-17</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>[2]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gurudath]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Celenk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Riley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Machine Learning Identification of Diabetic Retinopathy from Fundus Images]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ IEEE Signal Processing in Medicine and Biology Symposium (SPMB)]]></conf-name>
<conf-date>2014</conf-date>
<conf-loc> </conf-loc>
<page-range>1-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>[3]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Priyadarshini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dash]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mishra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[A Novel Approach to Predict Diabetes Mellitus Using Modified Extreme Learning Machine]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ International Conference on Electronics and Communication Systems (ICECS)]]></conf-name>
<conf-date>2014</conf-date>
<conf-loc> </conf-loc>
<page-range>1-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>[4]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Quellec]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Automated Assessment of Diabetic Retinopathy Severity Using Content-Based Image Retrieval in Multimodal Fundus Photographs]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Investigative Ophthalmology &amp; Visual Science]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>52</volume>
<numero>11</numero>
<issue>11</issue>
<page-range>8342-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>[5]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Automated Detection of Proli-ferative Diabetic Retinopathy Using a Modified Line Operator and Dual Classification]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>114</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>247-61</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>[6]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roychowdhury]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Koozekanani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Parhi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[DREAM: Diabetic Retinopathy Analysis Using Machine Learning]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>18</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>1717-28</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>[7]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Usher]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dumskyj]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Himaga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Williamson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nussey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boyce]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Automated Detection of Diabetic Retinopathy in Digital Retinal Images: A Tool for Diabetic Retinopathy Screening]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Diabetic Medicine]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>84-90</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>[8]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Philip]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Efficacy of Automated "Disease/ No Disease" Grading for Diabetic Retinopathy in a Systematic Screening Programme]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[British Journal of Ophthalmology]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>91</volume>
<numero>11</numero>
<issue>11</issue>
<page-range>1512-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>[9]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cheng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y. M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A Novel Approach to Diagnose Diabetes Based on the Fractal Characteristics of Retinal Images]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>163-70</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>[10]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abásolo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hornero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Neural Network Based Detection of Hard Exudates in Retinal Images]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>93</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>9-19</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>[11]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Xing]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Ophthalmology: General Overview]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Ophthalmology]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>[12]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vandarkuzhali]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. C. S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ravichandran]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Elm Based Detection of Abnormality in Retinal Image of Eye Due to Diabetic Retinopathy]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<page-range>423-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>[13]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Antal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hajdu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[An Ensemble-Based System for Automatic Screening of Diabetic Retinopathy]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Knowledge-Based Systems]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>60</volume>
<page-range>20-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>[14]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yoo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Park]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Diabetic Retinopathy Risk Prediction for Fundus Examination Using Sparse Learning: A Cross-Sectional Study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>106</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>[15]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N. H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[IDF Diabetes Atlas: Global Estimates of Diabetes Prevalence for 2017 and Projections for 2045]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>138</volume>
<page-range>271-81</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>[16]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>International Diabetes Federation (IDF)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[IDF Diabetes Atlas]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<edition>8</edition>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>[17]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>American Diabetes Association</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[2. Classification and Diagnosis of Diabetes: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2019]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Diabetes Care]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>42</volume>
<numero>^s1</numero>
<issue>^s1</issue>
<supplement>1</supplement>
<page-range>S13-28</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>[18]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jiang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stone]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Recent Advancements in Diabetic Retinopathy Treatment from the Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Current Opinion in Ophthalmology]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>27</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>210</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>[19]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Global Prevalence and Major Risk Factors of Diabetic Retinopathy]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Diabetes Care]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>35</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>556-64</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<label>[20]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guariguata]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brown]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sobers]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hambleton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Samuels]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Unwin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on the Social Determinants of Diabetes and Related Risk Factors in the Caribbean]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>42</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<label>[21]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A Survey on Computer Aided Diagnosis for Ocular Diseases]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>80</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<label>[22]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fleming]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Philip]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Goatman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Olson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sharp]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Automated Microaneurysm Detection Using Local Contrast Normalization and Local Vessel Detection]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>25</volume>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
<page-range>1223-32</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<label>[23]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Porwal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Indian Diabetic Retinopathy Image Dataset (IDRiD): A Database for Diabetic Retinopathy Screening Research]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Data]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>25</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<label>[24]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kamble]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Automated Diabetic Macular Edema (DME) Analysis using Fine Tuning with In-ception-Resnet-v2 on OCT Images]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ IEEE-EMBS Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Sciences (IECBES)]]></conf-name>
<conf-date>2018</conf-date>
<conf-loc>Sarawak, Malaysia </conf-loc>
<page-range>442-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<label>[25]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bernardes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cunha-Vaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Optical Coherence Tomography: A Clinical and Technical Update]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Springer Science &amp; Business Media]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<label>[26]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Niemeijer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Retinopathy Online Challenge: Automatic Detection of Microaneurysms in Digital Color Fundus Photographs]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>185-95</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<label>[27]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Srinivasan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Fully Automated Detection of Diabetic Macular Edema and Dry Age-Related Macular Degeneration from Optical Coherence Tomography Images]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Biomedical Optics Express]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
<page-range>3568-77</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<label>[28]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Improving Follow-Up and Reducing Barriers for Eye Screenings in Communities: The Stop Glaucoma Study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[American Journal of Ophthalmology]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>188</volume>
<page-range>19-28</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<label>[29]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mookiah]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. R. K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Acharya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U. R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Petznick]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Suri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Data Mining Technique for Automated Diagnosis of Glaucoma Using Higher Order Spectra and Wavelet Energy Features]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Knowledge-Based Systems]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<page-range>73-82</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<label>[30]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bock]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nyul]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hornegger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Michelson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Glaucoma Risk Index: Automated Glaucoma Detection from Color Fundus Images]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Medical Image Analysis]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>471-81</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<label>[31]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fumero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alayon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sanchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sigut]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gonzalez-Hernandez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[RIM-ONE: An Open Retinal Image Database for Optic Nerve Evaluation]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ 24th International Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems (CBMS)]]></conf-name>
<conf-date>2011</conf-date>
<conf-loc> </conf-loc>
<page-range>1-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<label>[32]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maetschke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Antony]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ishikawa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wollstein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schuman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garnavi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A Feature Agnostic Approach for Glaucoma Detection in OCT Volumes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[PloS one]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<label>[33]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Jong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Age-Related Macular Degeneration]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[New England Journal of Medicine]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>355</volume>
<numero>14</numero>
<issue>14</issue>
<page-range>1474-85</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<label>[34]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huazhu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[iChallenge-AMD]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<label>[35]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Farsiu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Quantitative Classification of Eyes with and without Intermediate Age-Related Macular Degeneration Using Optical Coherence Tomography]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ophthalmology]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>121</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>162-72</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<label>[36]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Su]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Macular Thickness and Aging in Retinitis Pigmentosa]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Optometry and Vision Science]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>89</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>471-82</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<label>[37]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mactier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bradnam]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hamilton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Dark-Adapted Oscillatory Potentials in Preterm Infants with and without Retinopathy of Prematurity]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Documenta Ophthalmologica]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>127</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>33-40</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<label>[38]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dhamdhere]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bearse]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Harrison]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schneck]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Adams]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Associations between Local Retinal Thickness and Function in Early Diabetes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Investigative Ophthalmology &amp; Visual Science]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>53</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
<page-range>6122-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<label>[39]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Karlica]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Galetovic]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ivanisevic]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Skrabic]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Znaor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jurisic]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Visual Evoked Potential Can Be Used to Detect a Prediabetic Form of Diabetic Retinopathy in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type I]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Collegium antropologicum]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>34</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>525-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<label>[40]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lovestam-Adrian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Granse]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Andersson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Andreasson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Multifocal Visual Evoked Potentials (MFVEP) in Diabetic Patients with and without Polyneuropathy]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Open Ophthalmology Journal]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<page-range>98</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<label>[41]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gupta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Khan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gupta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Agrawal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B. K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Khan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Electrophysiological Evaluation in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Pattern Reversal Visual Evoked Potentials]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>527</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<label>[42]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Heravian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Pattern Visual Evoked Potentials in Patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Ophthalmic &amp; Vision Research]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>225</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<label>[43]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kardon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Anderson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Damarjian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Grace]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stone]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kawasaki]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Chromatic Pupillo-metry in Patients with Retinitis Pigmentosa]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ophthalmology]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>118</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>376-81</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B44">
<label>[44]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ortube]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Comparative Regional Pupillo-graphy as a Noninvasive Biosensor Screening Method for Diabetic Retinopathy]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Investigative Ophthalmology &amp; Visual Science]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>54</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>9-18</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B45">
<label>[45]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Threatt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Williamson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huynh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Davis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hermayer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Ocular Disease, Knowledge and Technology Applications in Patients with Diabetes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The American Journal of the Medical Sciences]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>345</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>266-70</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B46">
<label>[46]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mitry]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hayat]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morgan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Khaw]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Foster]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Crowdsourcing as a Novel Technique for Retinal Fundus Photography Classification: Analysis of Images in the Epic Norfolk Cohort on Behalf of the UKBiobank Eye and Vision Consortium]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[PloS one]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B47">
<label>[47]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Staal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abràmoff]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Niemeijer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Viergever]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Van Ginneken]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Ridge-Based Vessel Segmentation in Color Images of the Retina]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[IEEE transactions on medical imaging]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>501-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B48">
<label>[48]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kauppi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[DIARETDB0: Evaluation database and methodology for diabetic retinopathy algorithms]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>73</volume>
<page-range>1-17</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Finland ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Machine Vision and Pattern Recognition Research Group, Lappeenranta University of Technology]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B49">
<label>[49]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kauppi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Diaretdb1 Diabetic Retinopathy Database and Evaluation Protocol]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMVC]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<page-range>1-10</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B50">
<label>[50]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Giancardo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Microaneurysm Detection with Radon Transform-Based Classification on Retina Images]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society]]></conf-name>
<conf-date>2011</conf-date>
<conf-loc> </conf-loc>
<page-range>5939-42</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B51">
<label>[51]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fraz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[An Ensemble Classification-Based Approach Applied to Retinal Blood Vessel Segmentation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>59</volume>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
<page-range>2538-48</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B52">
<label>[52]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Decencière]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[TeleOphta: Machine learning and image processing methods for teleophthalmology]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Irbm]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>34</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>196-203</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B53">
<label>[53]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>EyePACS Challenge</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Diabetic retinopathy detection of Kaggle]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B54">
<label>[54]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Kaggle</collab>
<source><![CDATA[APTOS 2019 Blindness Detection]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B55">
<label>[55]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lowell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Optic nerve head segmentation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>256-64</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B56">
<label>[56]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Budai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bock]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hornegger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Michelson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Robust Vessel Segmentation in Fundus Images]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International journal of biomedical imaging]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B57">
<label>[57]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hoover]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kouznetsova]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Goldbaum]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA["Locating blood vessels in retinal images by piece-wise threshold probing of a matched filter response]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ Proceedings of the AMIA Symposium]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc> </conf-loc>
<page-range>931</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B58">
<label>[58]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hoover]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Goldbaum]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Locating the Optic Nerve in a Retinal Image Using the Fuzzy Convergence of the Blood Vessels]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>951-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B59">
<label>[59]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Farnell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Enhancement of Blood Vessels in Digital Fundus Photographs Via the Application of Multiscale Line Operators]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of The Franklin Institute]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>345</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>748-65</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B60">
<label>[60]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zheng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hijazi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. H. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coenen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Automated 'Disease/No Disease' Grading of Age-Related Macular Degeneration by an Image Mining Approach,]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Investigative Ophthalmology &amp; Visual Science]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>53</volume>
<numero>13</numero>
<issue>13</issue>
<page-range>8310-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B61">
<label>[61]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gholami]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Parthasarathy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lakshminarayanan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[OCTID: Optical Coherence Tomography Image Database]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Computers &amp; Electrical Engineering]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>81</volume>
<page-range>106532</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B62">
<label>[62]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carmona]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rincón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Feijoó]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez-de-la-Casa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Identification of the Optic Nerve Head with Genetic Algorithms,]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Artificial Intelligence in Medicine]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>43</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>243-59</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B63">
<label>[63]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Origa-light: An Online Retinal Fun-dus Image Database for Glaucoma Analysis and Research]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology]]></conf-name>
<conf-date>2010</conf-date>
<conf-loc> </conf-loc>
<page-range>3065-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B64">
<label>[64]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Automated Measurement of the Arteriolar-To-Venular Width Ratio in Digital Color Fundus Photographs]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<numero>11</numero>
<issue>11</issue>
<page-range>1941-50</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B65">
<label>[65]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. W. K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sung]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[ACHIKO-K: Database of Fundus Images from Glaucoma Patients]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ IEEE 8th Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applications (ICIEA)]]></conf-name>
<conf-date>2013</conf-date>
<conf-loc> </conf-loc>
<page-range>228-31</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B66">
<label>[66]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sivaswamy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Krishnadas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chakravarty]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Joshi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tabish]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A Comprehensive Retinal Image Da-taset for the Assessment of Glaucoma from the Optic Nerve Head Analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[JSM Biomedical Imaging Data Papers]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>2</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1004</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B67">
<label>[67]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sivaswamy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Krishnadas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Joshi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jain]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tabish]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. U. S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Drishti-gs: Retinal Image Dataset for Optic Nerve Head (onh) Segmentation]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ IEEE 11th International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI)]]></conf-name>
<conf-date>2014</conf-date>
<conf-loc> </conf-loc>
<page-range>53-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B68">
<label>[68]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Almazroa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Retinal Fundus Images for Glaucoma Analysis: The RIGA Dataset]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>10579</volume>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ Medical Imaging 2018: Imaging Informatics for Healthcare, Research, and Applications, International Society for Optics and Photonics]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc> </conf-loc>
<page-range>105790B</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B69">
<label>[69]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huazhu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[REFUGE: Retinal Fundus Glaucoma Challenge]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[IEEE Dataport]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B70">
<label>[70]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Clemons]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chew]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bressler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McBee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire in the Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS): AREDS Report no. 10]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Archives of Ophthalmology]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>121</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>211-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B71">
<label>[71]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jahromi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[An Automatic Algorithm for Segmentation of the Boundaries of Corneal Layers in Optical Coherence Tomography Images Using Gaussian Mixture Model]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Medical Signals and Sensors]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>171</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B72">
<label>[72]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Giancardo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Exudate-Based Diabetic Macular Edema Detection in Fundus Images Using Publicly Available Datasets]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Medical Image Analysis]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>216-26</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B73">
<label>[73]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rasti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rabbani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mehridehnavi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hajizadeh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Macular OCT Classification Using a Multi-Scale Convolutional Neural Network Ensemble]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>37</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>1024-34</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B74">
<label>[74]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kermany]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Identifying Medical Diagnoses and Treatable Diseases by Image-Based Deep Learning]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cell]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>172</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>1122-31</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B75">
<label>[75]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Paul]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Singh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[A Review on Advances in Deep Learning]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ IEEE Workshop on Computational Intelligence: Theories, Applications and Future Directions (WCI)]]></conf-name>
<conf-date>2015</conf-date>
<conf-loc> </conf-loc>
<page-range>1-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B76">
<label>[76]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Krizhevsky]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sutskever]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hinton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Imagenet Classification with Deep Convolutional Neural Networks]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<page-range>1097-105</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B77">
<label>[77]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zeiler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fergus]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Visualizing and Understanding Convolutional Networks]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ European Conference on Computer Vision]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc> </conf-loc>
<page-range>818-33</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B78">
<label>[78]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Simonyan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zisserman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Very Deep Convolu-tional Networks for Large-Scale Image Recognition]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B79">
<label>[79]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[C]]></surname>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Going Deeper with Convolutions]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc> </conf-loc>
<page-range>1-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B80">
<label>[80]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hinton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Deep Neural Networks for Acoustic Modeling in Speech Recognition]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[IEEE Signal Processing Magazine]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>29</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B81">
<label>[81]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abdel-Hamid]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mohamed]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jiang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Deng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Penn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Convolutional Neural Networks for Speech Recognition]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ IEEE/ACM Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc> </conf-loc>
<issue>10</issue>
<page-range>1533-45</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B82">
<label>[82]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sainath]]></surname>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Deep Convolutional Neural Networks for Large-Scale Speech Tasks]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Neural Networks]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>64</volume>
<page-range>39-48</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B83">
<label>[83]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kaggle]]></surname>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Higgs Boson Machine Learning Challenge]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[kaggle.com]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B84">
<label>[84]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kaggle]]></surname>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[1000 Fundus Images with 39 Categories]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B85">
<label>[85]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[de Brebisson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Montana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Deep Neural Networks for Anatomical Brain Segmentation]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc> </conf-loc>
<page-range>20-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B86">
<label>[86]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Orton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Collins]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Doran]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leach]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. O]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Stacked Autoencoders for Unsupervised Feature Learning and Multiple Organ Detection in a Pilot Study Using 4d Patient Data]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>35</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>1930-43</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B87">
<label>[87]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Cancer Imaging Archive</collab>
<source><![CDATA[The Cancer Genome Atlas]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[cancerimaging.net]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B88">
<label>[88]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Spineweb</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Collaborative Platform for Research on Spine Imaging and Image Analysis]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[spineweb.digita-limaginggroup.ca]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B89">
<label>[89]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Perdomo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O. J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rios]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[3D Deep Convolutional Neural Network for Predicting Neurosensory Retinal Thickness Map from Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography Volumes]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>10975</volume>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ 14International Symposium on Medical Information Processing and Analysis, Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE) Conference Series]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc> </conf-loc>
<page-range>1097501</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B90">
<label>[90]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Otálora]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Perdomo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Müller]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Training Deep Convolutional Neural Networks with Active Learning for Exudate Classification in Eye Fundus Images]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ Intravascular Imaging and Computer Assisted Stenting, and Large-Scale Annotation of Biomedical Data and Expert Label Synthesis]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc>Springer </conf-loc>
<page-range>146-54</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B91">
<label>[91]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Szegedy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vanhoucke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ioffe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[J]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Shlens]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wojna]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Rethinking the Inception Architecture for Computer Vision]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc> </conf-loc>
<page-range>2818-26</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B92">
<label>[92]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ronneberger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fischer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brox]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[U-net: Con-volutional Networks for Biomedical Image Segmentation]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc> </conf-loc>
<page-range>234-41</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B93">
<label>[93]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Akram]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. U]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Khalid]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tariq]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Khan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Azam]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Detection and Classification of Retinal Lesions for Grading of Diabetic Retinopathy]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Computers in Biology and Medicine]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>45</volume>
<page-range>161-71</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B94">
<label>[94]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aujih]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Izhar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mériaudeau]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shapiai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. I]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Analysis of Retinal Vessel Segmentation with Deep Learning and its Effect on Diabetic Retinopathy Classification]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ International Conference on Intelligent and Advanced System (ICIAS)]]></conf-name>
<conf-date>2018</conf-date>
<conf-loc> </conf-loc>
<page-range>1-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B95">
<label>[95]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Lesion Detection and Grading of Diabetic Retinopa thy Via Two-Stages Deep Convolutional Neural Networks]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc> </conf-loc>
<page-range>533-40</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B96">
<label>[96]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Diagnosis of Diabetic Retinopathy Using Deep Neural Networks]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[IEEE Access]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<page-range>3360-70</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B97">
<label>[97]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Quellec]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Charrière]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boudi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cochener]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lamard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Deep Image Mining for Diabetic Retino-pathy Screening]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Medical Image Analysis]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>39</volume>
<page-range>178-93</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B98">
<label>[98]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gulshan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Development and Validation of a Deep Learning Algorithm for Detection of Diabetic Retinopathy in Retinal Fundus Photographs]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Jama]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>316</volume>
<numero>22</numero>
<issue>22</issue>
<page-range>2402-10</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B99">
<label>[99]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Perdomo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arevalo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Convolutional Network to Detect Exudates in Eye Fundus Images of Diabetic Subjects]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>10160</volume>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ 12International Symposium on Medical Information Processing and Analysis, International Society for Optics and Photonics]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc> </conf-loc>
<page-range>101600T</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B100">
<label>[100]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Perdomo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Otalora]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arevalo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[A Novel Machine Learning Model Based on Exudate Localization to Detect Diabetic Macular Edema]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ Ophthalmic Medical Image Analysis Third International Workshop (OMIA)]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc> </conf-loc>
<page-range>137-44</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B101">
<label>[101]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Heng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Patch-Based Output Space Adversarial Learning for Joint Optic Disc and Cup Segmentation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>38</volume>
<numero>11</numero>
<issue>11</issue>
<page-range>2485-95</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B102">
<label>[102]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kumar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pediredla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Seelamantula]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Active Discs for Automated Optic Disc Segmentation]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ IEEE Global Conference on Signal and Information Processing (GlobalSIP)]]></conf-name>
<conf-date>2015</conf-date>
<conf-loc> </conf-loc>
<page-range>225-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B103">
<label>[103]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Perdomo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arevalo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Combining Morphometric Features and Convolutional Networks Fusion for Glaucoma Diagnosis]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>10572</volume>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ 13International Conference on Medical Information Processing and Analysis]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc> </conf-loc>
<page-range>105721G</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B104">
<label>[104]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Perdomo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Andrearczyk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meriaudeau]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Müller]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Glaucoma Diagnosis from Eye Fundus Images Based on Deep Morphometric Feature Estimation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Computational Pathology and Ophthalmic Medical Image Analysis]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<page-range>319-27</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B105">
<label>[105]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Burlina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Joshi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pacheco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Freund]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bressler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Use of Deep Learning for Detailed Severity Characterization and Estimation of 5-Year Risk among Patients with Age-Related Macular Degeneration]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[JAMA Ophthalmology]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>136</volume>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
<page-range>1359-66</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B106">
<label>[106]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gholami]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Developing Algorithms for the Analysis of Retinal Optical Coherence Tomography Images]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[University of Waterloo]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B107">
<label>[107]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Perdomo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Otálora]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meriaudeau]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Müller]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[OCT-net: A Convolutional Network for Automatic Classification of Normal and Diabetic Macular Edema Using Sd-OcT Volumes]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ IEEE 15th International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI 2018)]]></conf-name>
<conf-date>2018</conf-date>
<conf-loc> </conf-loc>
<page-range>1423-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B108">
<label>[108]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sun]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Automated Detection of Age-Related Macular Degeneration in OcT Images Using Multiple Instance Learning]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>10420</volume>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ Ninth International Conference on Digital Image Processing (ICDIP 2017)]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc> </conf-loc>
<page-range>104203V</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B109">
<label>[109]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Perdomo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Classification of Diabetes-Related Retinal Diseases Using a Deep Learning Approach in Optical Coherence Tomography]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>178</volume>
<page-range>181-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B110">
<label>[110]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fauw]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. De]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Clinically Applicable Deep Learning for Diagnosis and Referral in Retinal Disease]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nature Medicine]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
<page-range>1342</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B111">
<label>[111]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baughman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Deep Learning is Effective for Classifying Normal Versus Age-Related Macular Degeneration OcT Images]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ophthalmology Retina]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>322-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B112">
<label>[112]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[He]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ren]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sun]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc> </conf-loc>
<page-range>770-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B113">
<label>[113]</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Voets]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MØllersen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bongo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Replication Study: Development and Validation of Deep Learning Algorithm for Detection of Diabetic Retinopathy in Retinal Fundus Photographs]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
