<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0304-2847</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomía Medellín]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Fac. Nac. Agron. Medellín]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0304-2847</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias - Universidad Nacional de Colombia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0304-28472019000308909</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15446/rfnam.v72n1.75910</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Rubus glaucus Benth.: morphology and floral biology aimed at plant breeding processes]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Rubus glaucus Benth.: morfología y biología floral dirigida a procesos de fitomejoramiento]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López Gutiérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ana María]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marulanda Ángel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marta Leonor]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gómez López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lina María]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barrera Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos Felipe]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Pereira ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Colombia Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Medellín ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>72</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>8909</fpage>
<lpage>8915</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0304-28472019000308909&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0304-28472019000308909&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0304-28472019000308909&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT Rubus glaucus is widely distributed throughout the three mountain ranges of Colombia, where the blackberry growers have highlighted the need to standardize the supply of planting material, starting with plant breeding schemes that lead to more productive varieties with morphological characteristics that ease agricultural activities. Plant breeding activities have improved by considering the pollination mechanisms of plants. The implementation of controlled sexual hybridization depends on these pollination mechanisms, and several plant breeding methods have been adapted to crop pollination patterns. Morphological characteristics and studies on the floral biology of R. glaucus Benth were conducted to improve plant breeding processes. In addition, a study on pollen viability and stigma receptivity were performed. The reported morphological characteristics of R. glaucus enabled characterization of its flowers as complete and perfect with a regular, actinomorphic, perianth heterochlamydeous, dialipetalous, and dialisepalous structure. Meanwhile, the evaluation of different collection times for pollen viability revealed significant differences. The highest pollen viability occurred at 10:00 am, followed by 9:00 am. Qualitative evaluation of stigma receptivity led to the conclusion that the highest stigma receptivity is at anthesis at 12:00 m.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN La especie Rubus glaucus, está distribuida en las tres cordilleras de Colombia, donde los productores asociados de mora en Colombia, han destacado la necesidad de formalizar la oferta de materiales de siembra, iniciando con esquemas de fitomejoramiento que conduzcan a obtener variedades más productivas, con características morfológicas que faciliten las actividades agrícolas. El tener en cuenta los mecanismos de polinización en plantas, ha hecho más eficiente las actividades de fitomejoramiento. La implementación de una hibridación sexual controlada depende de los mecanismos de polinización, incluso varios métodos de mejoramiento en plantas se han ajustado a los patrones de polinización del cultivo. Con el fin de avanzar en un futuro, en procesos de fitomejoramiento para la especie Rubus glaucus Benth, se realizaron las descripciones morfológicas y estudios sobre la biología floral de la especie mencionada, además del estudio de viabilidad del polen y la receptividad del estigma. Las descripciones morfológicas realizadas para R. glaucus en esta investigación, permitieron caracterizar la flor de R. glaucus, como completa y perfecta, con una estructura actinomorfa regular y periantada, heteroclamídea, dialipétala y dialisépala. Entre tanto, se encontraron diferencias significativas al evaluar diferentes horas de viabilidad polínica. Encontrando que, la mayor viabilidad del polen se obtenía a las 10:00 horas, seguido por el tratamiento de las 9:00 horas. Las evaluaciones cualitativas de receptividad del estigma permitieron concluir que, el estado de mayor receptividad del estigma es el de antesis y la hora de mayor receptividad es a las 12 horas del día.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Andean blackberry]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Androecium]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Gynoecium]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Viability]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Mora de los Andes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Androceo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Gineceo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Viabilidad]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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