<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0304-2847</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomía Medellín]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Fac. Nac. Agron. Medellín]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0304-2847</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias - Universidad Nacional de Colombia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0304-28472022000209951</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15446/rfnam.v75n2.95718</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Physiological adaptation indicators of three Colombian Creole cattle breeds]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Indicadores fisiológicos de adaptación en tres razas de bovinos criollos colombianos]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Correa-García Zoilo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Andrés]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Campos-Gaona]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rómulo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Flórez-Díaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Hernando]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Antonio Nariño University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Colombia Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Palmira ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Agrosavia  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Villavicencio ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>75</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>9951</fpage>
<lpage>9960</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0304-28472022000209951&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0304-28472022000209951&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0304-28472022000209951&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT The present study aimed to determine the physiological response and its relationship with the caloric impact (stress) index of three breeds of Colombian Creole cattle (Hartón del Valle, Blanco Orejinegro y Sanmartinero). These breeds have been considered adapted to low-tropical conditions and important to the sustainable meat and milk production in Colombia. To determine two heat tolerance indexes and two hormones and their relationship to the physiological response to heat stress in three Colombian Creole cattle breeds, Pearson's correlation methodology and mean comparison study were used. The adaptability indexes such as temperature-humidity index (ITH) and heat load index (HLI) and cortisol and T3 hormones were estimated and subsequently, the indexes were correlated with the hormones using the Pearson methodology, also the mean comparison study was used. Physiological variables were analyzed such as heart rate, respiratory rate, rumen patterns, and rectal temperature; during the study, serum concentrations of cortisol and triiodothyronine hormones were detected in seven different instances during the rainy season in the Piedemonte Llanero. ITH and HLI were used as indicators of thermal compensation. The HLI appeared to be a better indicator when the environmental conditions included wind speed and solar radiation. No variations were found between the breeds (P&#8805;0.05), while the measurement periods did show variations (P&#8804;0.05). It may conclude that the HLI provides better information to study physiological parameters and it may confirm that the animals are considered adapted to the conditions of the local environment.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN Se determinó la respuesta fisiológica y su relación con el índice de impacto (estrés) calórico en tres razas de bovinos criollos colombianos (Hartón del Valle, Blanco Orejinegro y Sanmartinero). Dichas razas son consideradas adaptadas a las condiciones de trópico bajo e importantes para la producción de carne y leche en Colombia. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar dos índices de tolerancia al calor y dos hormonas y su relación con la respuesta fisiológica al estrés calórico en tres razas criollas colombianas usando análisis de correlación y comparación de medias. Los índices de adaptabilidad ITH y HLI, las hormonas cortisol y T3 se estimaron y estos se correlacionaron con las hormonas y se compararon las medias. Se analizaron las variables fisiológicas: frecuencia cardíaca, respiratoria y ruminal y, temperatura rectal; igualmente se determinaron las concentraciones séricas de las hormonas cortisol y triyodotironina, en siete momentos en la época de lluvias en el Piedemonte Llanero. El índice de temperatura y humedad (ITH) y el índice de carga calórica (HLI) fueron empleados como indicadores de compensación térmica. El HLI mostró mejor relación con las condiciones ambientales al incluir el índice la velocidad del viento y la radiación solar. No se encontraron variaciones entre los grupos raciales (P&#8805;0,05), mientras que los periodos de medición sí presentaron variaciones (P&#8804;0,05). Se concluye que el HLI proporciona mejor información para el estudio de los parámetros fisiológicos y éstos reflejan la adaptación de los animales a las condiciones del medio.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Cambio climático]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Bovinos criollos colombianos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Índice de carga calórica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Estrés]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Índice de temperatura y humedad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Climate change]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Colombian creole cattle]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Heat Load Index]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Stress]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Temperature-Humidity Index]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yusuf Mummed]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eshetu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pilla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wondifraw]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Physiological, biochemical, and growth parameters of Fogera cattle calves to heat stress during different seasons in sub-humid part of Ethiopia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Animals]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>1062</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Angel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Amitha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rashamol]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vandana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Savitha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ST]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Afsal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sejian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Climate Change and Cattle Production-Impact and Adaptation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Veterinary Medicine and Research]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>1134</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Amézquita]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[IM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rivera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Corrales]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[II]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bernal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JH]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Sistemas Agropastoriles: Un enfoque integrado para el manejo sostenible de Oxisoles de los Llanos Orientales de Colombia]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Campos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Giraldo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Protein and mineral metabolites for dairy cows during the transition period under tropical conditions]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomía]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>65</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>34-45</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Campos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Giraldo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cortisol and its relationship with endocrine regulation of dairy cows during the transition period in south-west Colombia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ciência Animal Brasileira]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>^sl.1</numero>
<issue>^sl.1</issue>
<supplement>l.1</supplement>
<page-range>790-4</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Campos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cruz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Thyroid hormones in native Colombian bovine breeds]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Brasileira de Ciencias Veterinarias]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<numero>11</numero>
<issue>11</issue>
<page-range>174-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carvalho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dupuy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Thyroid hormone biosynthesis and release]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>458</volume>
<page-range>6-15</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Da Silva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Macedo Costa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LL]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Index of thermal stress for cows (ITSC) under high solar radiation in tropical environments]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Biometeorology]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>59</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>551-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Das]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sailo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Verma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bharti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Saikia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Impact of heat stress on health and performance of dairy animals: A review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Veterinary World]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>260</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dikmen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hansen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Is the temperature-humidity index the best indicator of heat stress in lactating dairy cows in a subtropical environment?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Dairy Science]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>92</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>109-16</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ekine-Dzivenu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mrode]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oyieng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Komwihangilo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lyatuu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Msuta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Okeyo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evaluating the impact of heat stress as measured by temperature-humidity index (ITH) on test-day milk yield of smallholder dairy cattle in a sub-Sahara African climate]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Livestock science]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<numero>242</numero>
<issue>242</issue>
<page-range>104314</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Franzoni]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[APS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gloria]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JRD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Costa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ALBDS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martins]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Amaral]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Azevedo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RAD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Campos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coelho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SG]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Metabolic and hormone profiles of Holstein x Gyr cows during pre-and postpartum]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>53</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>371-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gaughan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sejian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mader]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dunshea]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FR]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Adaptation strategies: ruminants. Animal Frontiers]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>47-53</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Herbut]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Angrecka]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Walczak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Environmental parameters to assessing of heat stress in dairy cattle. A review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Biometeorology]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>62</volume>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
<page-range>2089-97</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>IDEAM</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Atlas climatológico de Colombia]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kamal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dutt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Patel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bharti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chandran]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Heat stress and effect of shade materials on hormonal and behavior response of dairy cattle: a review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Tropical Animal Health and Production]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>50</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>701-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lima]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stafuzza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pires]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BV]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bonilha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cyrillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JN]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Negrão]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Paz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effect of high temperature on physiological parameters of Nelore (Bos taurus indicus) and Caracu (Bos taurus taurus) cattle breeds]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Tropical Animal Health and Production]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>52</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>2233-41</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lees]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sejian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wallage]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Steel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mader]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lees]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gaughan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JB]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The impact of heat load on cattle]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Animals]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>322</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lees]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lees]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gaughan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JB]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Developing a heat load index for lactating dairy cows]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Animal Production Science]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>58</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>1387-91</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maggiolino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AGE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dahl]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bartolomeo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bernabucci]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vitali]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Serio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cassandro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Centoducati]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ES]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Palo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Estimation of maximum thermo-hygrometric index thresholds affecting milk production in Italian Brown Swiss cattle]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Dairy Science]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<numero>103</numero>
<issue>103</issue>
<page-range>8541-53</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gallego]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Onofre]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vásquez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evaluación de la variabilidad y potencial genético de poblaciones de bovinos criollos colombianos]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Animal Genetic Resources Information]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<numero>44</numero>
<issue>44</issue>
<page-range>57-66</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moreno]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MJA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lopes de Sá]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[OAA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coelho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pereira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RN]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Batista]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ED]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ladeira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Casagrande]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gionbelli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MP]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effect of heat stress on ingestive, digestive, ruminal, and physiological parameters of Nellore cattle feeding low- or high-energy diets]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Livestock Science]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<numero>252</numero>
<issue>252</issue>
<page-range>104676</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moura]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GAB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[de Melo Costa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fonsêca]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VDFC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wijffels]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Neto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ASC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Are crossbred cattle (F1, Bos indicus x Bos taurus) thermally different to the purebred Bos indicus cattle under moderate conditions?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Livestock Science]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<numero>246</numero>
<issue>246</issue>
<page-range>104457</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Núñez-Domínguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramírez-Valverde]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Saavedra-Jiménez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Muñiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JG]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La adaptabilidad de los recursos zoogenéticos criollos, base para enfrentar los desafíos de la producción animal]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Archivos de Zootecnia]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>65</volume>
<numero>251</numero>
<issue>251</issue>
<page-range>461-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Parra-Herrera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Del Campo-Rojas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Estrada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González-Tous]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Behavioral biomarker of bovines of the dual purpose system]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista MVZ Córdoba]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>5761-76</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peña]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Género]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Comparación de variables fisiológicas en hembras bovinas criollas]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Actas Iberoamericanas de Conservación Animal]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>388-91</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Petrie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Watson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Statistics for veterinary and animal science]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<edition>3th</edition>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[John Wiley &amp; Sons]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Polsky]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[von Keyserlingk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Invited review: Effects of heat stress on dairy cattle welfare]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Dairy Science]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>100</volume>
<numero>11</numero>
<issue>11</issue>
<page-range>8645-57</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ruiz-Jaramillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vargas-Leitón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abarca-Monge]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hidalgo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HG]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Heat stress effect on dairy cattle production in Costa Rica]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Agronomía Mesoamericana]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>733-50</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Saiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AL]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Ganadería y cambio climático: una influencia recíproca]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Digital para Estudiantes de Geografía y Ciencias Sociales]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>1-22</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sejian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bhatta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gaughan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dunshea]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lacetera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Review: Adaptation of animals to heat stress]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Animal]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>^s2</numero>
<issue>^s2</issue>
<supplement>2</supplement>
<page-range>s431-44</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sponenberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DP]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Fundamentos de la conservación de razas iberoamericanas]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Actas Iberoamericanas de Conservación Animal]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
<page-range>59-69</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>SPSS</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. Statistics for Windows]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vieira de Sousa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[da Silva Rodrigues]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AV]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gomes de Abreu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tabile]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martello]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LS]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Predictive model based on artificial neural network for assessing beef cattle thermal stress using weather and physiological variables]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Computers and Electronics in Agriculture]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<numero>144</numero>
<issue>144</issue>
<page-range>37-43</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gebremedhin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bjerg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Van Os]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tucker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A predictive model of equivalent temperature index for dairy cattle (ETIC)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Thermal Biology]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<numero>76</numero>
<issue>76</issue>
<page-range>165-70</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yadav]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Singh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wankar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Acclimatization dynamics to extreme heat stress in crossbred cattle]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Biological Rhythm Research]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>52</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>524-34</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
