<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0370-3908</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. acad. colomb. cienc. exact. fis. nat.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0370-3908</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0370-39082021000200591</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18257/raccefyn.1195</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Parámetros focales del terremoto del 28 de abril de 1894 en los Andes venezolanos usando datos macrosísmicos]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Focal parameters of the April 28, 1894 earthquake in the Venezuelan Andes using macrosismic data]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salcedo-Hurtado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Elkin de J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Audemard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Franck A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Millán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Nathalie]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad del Valle Departamento de Geografía ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santiago de Cali ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad del Valle Departamento de Geografía Grupo Georiesgos, Observatorio]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Fundación Venezolana de Investigaciones Sismológicas (FUNVISIS) Departamento de Ciencias de la Tierra ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Caracas ]]></addr-line>
<country>Venezuela</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>45</volume>
<numero>175</numero>
<fpage>591</fpage>
<lpage>606</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0370-39082021000200591&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0370-39082021000200591&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0370-39082021000200591&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen El terremoto del 28 de abril de 1894 ocurrido en los Andes venezolanos es uno de los más destructores del siglo XIX en este país. Dejó grandes daños materiales y pérdidas humanas en diversas poblaciones vecinas a la frontera entre Colombia y Venezuela. En la zona epicentral causó grandes grietas, dislocaciones en el terreno y eyecciones de lodo, petróleo y gases. Varios estudios paleosismológicos, históricos y sismológicos se han publicado con información sobre los efectos causados e interpretaciones macrosísmicas de sus parámetros focales. En el presente trabajo se utilizaron datos extraídos de la exploración de un mapa de isosista publicado anteriormente para determinar los principales parámetros focales del terremoto. Los resultados obtenidos ubican el epicentro local (El) en las coordenadas geográficas &#981; = 8,55°N y &#955; = -71,72°W, y el normal (En) en &#981; = 8,56°N y &#955; = -71,51°W. La profundidad normal hn = 18,24±1,66 km, y el foco local hl = 8,8±2,23 km; la magnitud de Richter y la energía sísmica liberada corresponden a Ml = 7,3 y E = 1,58*1023 ergios, respectivamente. Se determinó el momento sísmico escalar M  0 = 3,16*1027 dinascm y la magnitud de momento sísmico Mw = 7,6. La magnitud de ondas superficiales fue Ms = 6,6 y también se obtuvo la aceleración sísmica, &#945; = 0,69 g. Los parámetros obtenidos son compatibles con los publicados por otros autores y se aporta nueva información que permite alimentar los catálogos sismológicos.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The earthquake of April 28, 1894, in the Venezuelan Andes was one of the most destructive of the 19th century in this country. It left great material damages and human losses in various neighboring populations on the border between Colombia and Venezuela. In the epicentral zone, it caused large cracks, dislocations in the terrain, and ejections of mud, oil, and gases. Several paleoseismological, historical, and seismological studies have been published with information on its effects and macroseismic interpretations of the focal parameters. Here, we used data extracted from the exploration of an isoseismal map published previously to determine the main focal parameters of the earthquake. The results obtained locate the local epicenter (El) at the geographical coordinates &#981; = 8.55°N and &#955; = -71.72°W, and the normal (En) at &#981; = 8.56°N and &#955; = -71.51°W. The normal depth was hn = 18.24 ± 1.66 km and the local focus, hl = 8.8 ± 2.23 km. The Richter magnitude and the seismic energy released corresponded to Ml = 7.3 and E = 1.58*1023 ergs, respectively. The scalar seismic moment was M  0 = 3.16*1027 dynes-cm and the seismic moment magnitude, Mw = 7.6. We also obtained the magnitude of surface waves Ms = 6.6 and the seismic acceleration a = 0.69g. The parameters obtained are compatible with those published by other authors and we provide new information to feed seismological catalogs.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Parámetros focales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Terremoto]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Isosistas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Macrosísmica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Venezuela]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Focal parameters]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Earthquake]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Isoseismal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Macroseismic]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Venezuela]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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