<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1657-9534</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Colombia Médica]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Colomb. Med.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1657-9534</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad del Valle]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1657-95342021000200403</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25100/cm.v52i2.4519</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Damage control in penetrating cardiac trauma]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[El control de daños en el trauma cardíaco penetrante]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González-Hadad]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Adolfo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A a"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ordoñez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A a"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A5"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Parra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Michael W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caicedo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Yaset]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Padilla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Natalia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Millán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mauricio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alberto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A a"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A5"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vidal-Carpio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jenny Marcela]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A0"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luis Fernando]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Herrera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mario Alain]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Quintero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Laureano]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fabian]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Flórez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Guillermo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez-Holguín]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fernando]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salcedo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alexander]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A a"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3 "/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Af4"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Serna]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José Julián]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A a"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3 "/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Af4"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Franco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Josefa]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferrada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ricardo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Navsaria]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Pradeep H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad del Valle Facultad de Salud Escuela de Medicina]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cali ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Universitario del Valle Department of Surgery Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cali ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro Médico Imbanaco  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cali ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Fundación Valle del Lili Department of Surgery Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cali ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Icesi  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cali ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af6">
<institution><![CDATA[,Broward General Level I Trauma Center Department of Trauma Critical Care ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Fort Lauderdale FL]]></addr-line>
<country>USA</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af7">
<institution><![CDATA[,Fundacion Valle del Lili Centro de Investigaciones Clinicas (CIC) ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cali ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af8">
<institution><![CDATA[,Fundación Valle del Lili Department of Surgery Division of Transplant Surgery]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cali ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af9">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital General Teofilo Davila Servicio de Emergencias ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cuenca ]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A10">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Cuenca Department of Surgery ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cuenca ]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A11">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Cape Town Faculty of Health Sciences Groote Schuur Hospital]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cape Town ]]></addr-line>
<country>South Africa</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>52</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1657-95342021000200403&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1657-95342021000200403&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1657-95342021000200403&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Definitive management of hemodynamically stable patients with penetrating cardiac injuries remains controversial between those who propose aggressive invasive care versus those who opt for a less invasive or non-operative approach. This controversy even extends to cases of hemodynamically unstable patients in which damage control surgery is thought to be useful and effective. The aim of this article is to delineate our experience in the surgical management of penetrating cardiac injuries via the creation of a clear and practical algorithm that includes basic principles of damage control surgery. We recommend that all patients with precordial penetrating injuries undergo trans-thoracic ultrasound screening as an integral component of their initial evaluation. In those patients who arrive hemodynamically stable but have a positive ultrasound, a pericardial window with lavage and drainage should follow. We want to emphasize the importance of the pericardial lavage and drainage in the surgical management algorithm of these patients. Before this concept, all positive pericardial windows ended up in an open chest exploration. With the coming of the pericardial lavage and drainage procedure, the reported literature and our experience have shown that 25% of positive pericardial windows do not benefit and/or require further invasive procedures. However, in hemodynamically unstable patients, damage control surgery may still be required to control ongoing bleeding. For this purpose, we propose a surgical management algorithm that includes all of these essential clinical aspects in the care of these patients.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen El manejo definitivo de los pacientes hemodinámicamente estables con heridas cardíacas penetrantes continúa siendo controversial con abordajes invasivos versus manejos conservadores. Estas posiciones contrarias se extienden hasta aquellos casos de pacientes hemodinámicamente inestables donde se ha descrito y considerado la cirugía de control de daños como un procedimiento útil y efectivo. El objetivo de este artículo es presentar la experiencia en el manejo quirúrgico de heridas cardíacas penetrantes con la creación de un algoritmo práctico que incluye los principios básicos del control de daños. Se recomienda que a todos los pacientes con heridas precordiales penetrantes se les debe realizar un ultrasonido torácico como componente integral de la evaluación inicial. Aquellos que presenten un ultrasonido torácico positivo y se encuentren hemodinámicamente estables se les debe realizar una ventana pericárdica con posterior lavado. Se ha demostrado que el 25% de las ventanas pericárdicas positivas no se benefician ni requieren de posteriores abordajes quirúrgicos invasivos. Antes de este concepto, todos los pacientes con ventana pericárdica positiva terminaban en una exploración abierta del tórax y del pericárdico. Los pacientes hemodinámicamente inestables requieren de una cirugía de control de daños para un adecuado y oportuno control del sangrado. Con este propósito, se propone un algoritmo de manejo quirúrgico que incluye todos estos aspectos esenciales en el abordaje de este grupo de pacientes.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Thoracic Ultrasound]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Damage Control Surgery]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Penetrating cardiac trauma]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[cardiac tamponade]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[thoracotomy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[advanced trauma life support care]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[negative-pressure wound therapy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[sternotomy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[pericardiectomy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[death, sudden]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[hemothora]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[chest tubes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[pneumothorax]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[pericardial window techniques]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Herida precordial penetrante]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Ultra sonido torácico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[toracotomía]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[cuidado de soporte vital para trauma]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[terapia de heridas con presión negativa]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[presión sanguínea]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[esternotomía]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[pericardiectomía]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[politetrafluoroetileno]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[derrame pericárdic]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[hemotórax]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[taponamiento cardíaco]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[neumotórax]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[técnicas de ventana pericárdica]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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