<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1657-9534</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Colombia Médica]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Colomb. Med.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1657-9534</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad del Valle]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1657-95342021000200414</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25100/cm.v52i2.4777</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Abdominal and thoracic wall closure: damage control surgery&#8217;s cinderella]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[El cierre de la pared abdominal y torácica: La cenicienta en la cirugía control de daños]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez-Holguín]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fernando]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González Hadad]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Adolfo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A a"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A4"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mejia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[David]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alberto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A a"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A7"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cevallos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Cecibel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Himmler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Amber Nicole]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caicedo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Yaset]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salcedo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alexander]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A a"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3 "/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Af7"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Serna]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José Julián]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A a"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3 "/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Af7"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Herrera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mario Alain]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luis Fernando]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Parra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Michael W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ordoñez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A a"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A11"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Fundación Valle del Lili Department of Surgery Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cali ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad del Valle Facultad de Salud Escuela de Medicina]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cali ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Universitario del Valle Department of Surgery Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cali ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro Médico Imbanaco  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cali ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Pablo Tobon Uribe Department of Surgery ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Medellín ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af6">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Antioquia Department of Surgery ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Medellín ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af7">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Icesi  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cali ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af8">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso Department of Surgery Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cuenca ]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af9">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Cuenca  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cuenca ]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A10">
<institution><![CDATA[,Medstar Georgetown University Hospital Washington Hospital Center Department of Surgery]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Washington D.C.]]></addr-line>
<country>USA</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A11">
<institution><![CDATA[,Fundación Valle del Lili Centro de Investigaciones Clínicas (CIC) ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cali ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A12">
<institution><![CDATA[,Broward General Level I Trauma Center Department of Trauma Critical Care ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Fort Lauderdale FL]]></addr-line>
<country>USA</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>52</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1657-95342021000200414&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1657-95342021000200414&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1657-95342021000200414&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Damage control surgery principles allow delayed management of traumatic lesions and early metabolic resuscitation by performing abbreviated procedures and prompt resuscitation maneuvers in severely injured trauma patients. However, the initial physiological response to trauma and surgery, along with the hemostatic resuscitation efforts, causes important side effects on intracavitary organs such as tissue edema, increased cavity pressure, and hemodynamic collapse. Consequently, different techniques have been developed over the years for a delayed cavity closure. Nonetheless, the optimal management of abdominal and thoracic surgical closure remains controversial. This article aims to describe the indications and surgical techniques for delayed abdominal or thoracic closure following damage control surgery in severely injured trauma patients, based on the experience obtained by the Trauma and Emergency Surgery Group (CTE) of Cali, Colombia. We recommend negative pressure dressing as the gold standard technique for delayed cavity closure, associated with higher wall closure success rates and lower complication and mortality rates.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Delayed Cavity Closure]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Temporary Closure]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Open Abdomen]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Negative Pressure Dressing]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Thoracic Packing]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Hemodynamically Unstable]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Damage Control Surgery]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Finlay]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[IG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Edwards]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lambert]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AW]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Damage control laparotomy]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Br J Surg]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>91</volume>
<page-range>83-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Benz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Balogh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ZJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Damage control surgery Current state and future directions]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Curr Opin Crit Care]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<page-range>491-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Giannoudi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Harwood]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Damage control resuscitation lessons learned]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>42</volume>
<page-range>273-82</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Beldowicz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The evolution of damage control in concept and practice]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Clin Colon Rectal Surg]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<page-range>30-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Padar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Blaser]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Talving]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lipping]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Starkopf]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Abdominal compartment syndrome Improving outcomes with a multidisciplinary approach - a narrative review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Multidiscip Healthc]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<page-range>1061-74</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wall]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Soltero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Damage control for thoracic injuries]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Surg Clin North Am]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<volume>77</volume>
<page-range>863-78</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roberts]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ball]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Feliciano D]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moore]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ivatury]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lucas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CE]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[History of the innovation of damage control for management of trauma patients 1902-2016]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ann Surg]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>265</volume>
<page-range>1034-44</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Waibel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rotondo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MMF]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cirurgia para o controle de danos Sua evolução durante os últimos 20 anos]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Col Bras Cir]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>39</volume>
<page-range>314-21</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coccolini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roberts]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ansaloni]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ivatury]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gamberini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kluger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The open abdomen in trauma and non-trauma patients WSES guidelines]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[World J Emerg Surg]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<page-range>7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Uhlich]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gleason]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kerby]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bosarge]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Impact of initial temporary abdominal closure in damage control surgery A retrospective analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[World J Emerg Surg]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<page-range>43</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>O'Connor J V.DuBose JJ.Scalea TM</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Damage-control thoracic surgery Management and outcomes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Trauma Acute Care Surg]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>77</volume>
<page-range>660-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Correa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mejía]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Duque]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[J MM]]></surname>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Uribe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Managing the open abdomen negative pressure closure versus mesh-mediated fascial traction closure: a randomized trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Hernia]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>20</volume>
<page-range>221-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rogers]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garcia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Intraabdominal hypertension, abdominal compartment syndrome, and the open abdomen]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Chest]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>153</volume>
<page-range>238-50</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernandez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sibaja Alvarez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kaplan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sanchez-Betancourt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Matthews]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cook]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Application of negative pressure wound therapy with instillation and dwell time of the open abdomen initial experience]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cureus]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maluso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Olson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sarani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Abdominal compartment hypertension and abdominal compartment syndrome]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Crit Care Cli]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>32</volume>
<page-range>213-22</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kirkpatrick]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AW]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roberts]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Waele]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jaeschke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Malbrain]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MLNG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Keulenaer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Intra-abdominal hypertension and the abdominal compartment syndrome Updated consensus definitions and clinical practice guidelines from the World Society of the Abdominal Compartment Syndrome]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Intensive Care Med]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>39</volume>
<page-range>1190-206</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>17</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Riahi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tomatis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schlosser]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bertolozzi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Johnston]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DW]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cardiac compression due to closure of the median sternotomy in open heart surgery]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ches.t]]></source>
<year>1975</year>
<volume>67</volume>
<page-range>113-4</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>18</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Akay]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Frazier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[OH]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Thoracic compartment syndrome A case report]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Heart Surg Forum]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>E46-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>19</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caceres]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Buechter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tillou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shih]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Steeb]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Thoracic packing for uncontrolled bleeding in penetrating thoracic injuries]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[South Med J]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>97</volume>
<page-range>637-41</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<label>20</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bouboulis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rivas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kuo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dougenis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dark]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Holden]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MP]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Packing the chest A useful technique for intractable bleeding after open heart operation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ann Thorac Surg]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<volume>57</volume>
<page-range>856-60</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<label>21</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ordoñez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Badiel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sanchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Loaiza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramirez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The 1-2-3 approach to abdominal packing]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[World J Surg]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>36</volume>
<page-range>2761-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<label>22</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Patel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NY]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cogbill]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kallies]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mathiason]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Temporary abdominal closure Long-term outcomes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Trauma]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>70</volume>
<page-range>769-74</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<label>23</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coccolini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Montori]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ceresoli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Catena]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ivatury]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sugrue]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[IROA International Register of Open Abdomen, preliminary results]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[World J Emerg Surg]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<page-range>10</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<label>24</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guetta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brotfain]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shaked]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sebbag]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Klein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Czeiger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Intra-abdominal pressure may be elevated in patients with open abdomen after emergent laparotomy]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Langenbeck's Arch Surg]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>405</volume>
<page-range>91-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<label>25</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Batacchi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Matano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nella]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zagli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bonizzoli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pasquini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Vacuum-assisted closure device enhances recovery of critically ill patients following emergency surgical procedures]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Crit Care]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>R194</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<label>26</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rencüzogullari]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dalci]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eray]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[IC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yalav]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Okoh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Akcam]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Open abdomen yönetiminde erken dönem cerrahi alternatiflerin karsilastirilmasi Randomize ileriye yönelik çalisma]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ulus Travma ve Acil Cerrahi Derg]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<page-range>168-74</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<label>27</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aprahamian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wittmann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bergstein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Quebbeman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Temporary abdominal closure (TAC) for planned relaparotomy (Etappenlavage) in trauma]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Trauma]]></source>
<year>1990</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<page-range>719-23</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<label>28</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kaufman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Smith]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ciraulo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Richart]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Burns]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RP]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Vacuum pack technique of temporary abdominal closure A 7-year experience with 112 patients]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Trauma]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>48</volume>
<page-range>201-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<label>29</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cicuttin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ansaloni]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ceresoli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fugazzola]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tomasoni]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sartelli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Trends in open abdomen management in Italy a subgroup analysis from the IROA project]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Updates Surg]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>72</volume>
<page-range>171-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<label>30</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Poillucci]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Podda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Russo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Perri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ipri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Manetti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Open abdomen closure methods for severe abdominal sepsis: a retrospective cohort study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<label>31</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sibaja]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sanchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Villegas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Apestegui]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mora]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Management of the open abdomen using negative pressure wound therapy with instillation in severe abdominal sepsis A review of 48 cases in Hospital Mexico, Costa Rica]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int J Surg Case Rep]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<page-range>26-30</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<label>32</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vargo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Battistella]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FD]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Abbreviated thoracotomy and temporary chest closure An application of damage control after thoracic trauma]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Arch Surg]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>136</volume>
<page-range>21-4</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<label>33</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gonzalez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aldy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KN]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carroll]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eastman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[White]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CQ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Does temporary chest wall closure with or without chest packing improve survival for trauma patients in shock after emergent thoracotomy]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Trauma]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>70</volume>
<page-range>705-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<label>34</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moriwaki]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toyoda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Harunari]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Iwashita]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kosuge]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arata]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Gauze packing as damage control for uncontrollable haemorrhage in severe thoracic trauma]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ann R Coll Surg Engl]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>95</volume>
<page-range>20-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
