1692-2522
1692-2522
S1692-25222021000100109
10.22395/angr.v19n38a6
Ecuador
00
06
2021
00
06
2021
19
38
109
128
[
2004
4
1
1
7-50
]
[
2007
1
2
2
13
]
[
2013
]
[
Apple
]
[
2009
]
[
2016
35
35
21-45
]
[
2006
]
[
1998
]
[
1997
]
[
2013
11
1
1
99-124
]
[
2002
14
1
1
21-8
]
[
2019
2-22
]
[
2014
13
1
1
217-31
]
[
1988
]
[
2003
]
[
2019
28
1
1
27-44
]
[
2001
1
1
1
1-18
]
[
1997
]
[
2007
]
[
Cepal
2014
]
[
European Commision
2019
]
[
Eurostat
2019
]
[
2010
]
[
2017
38
5
5
691-709
]
[
Fundación Telefónica
2019
]
[
2018
]
[
1993
]
[
2009
]
[
2006
]
[
2009
]
[
GSMA
2019
]
[
International Telecommunication Union
2018
]
[
2015
209
1
1
45-51
]
[
2006
]
[
2002
]
[
2013
33
1
1
58-68
]
[
2010
51-60
]
[
2007
]
[
2013
29-40
]
[
2006
115-40
]
[
2004
49-54
]
[
1969
]
[
1971
360
]
[
2014
1131-43
]
[
2001
9
5
5
1-7
]
[
2010
]
[
2014
43
2
2
236-49
]
[
2000
]
[
2010
10
1
1
13-36
]
[
2015
13
2
2
73-94
]
[
Samsung
]
[
2014
]
[
2011
7
1
1
3-26
]
[
2002
]
[
1988
]
[
2015
115-24
]
[
1990
]
[
2017
5
3
3
239-55
]
[
2017
]