<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1692-2522</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Anagramas -Rumbos y sentidos de la comunicación-]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[anagramas rumbos sentidos comun.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1692-2522</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sello Editorial - Universidad de Medellín]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1692-25222024000200005</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22395/angr.v23n45a05</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Humor en tiempos difíciles: teorías, funciones, memes y pandemia]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Humor at Hard Times: Theories, Roles, Memes, and Pandemic]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Humor em tempos difíceis: Teorias, Papéis, Memes e Pandemia]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernández-Poncela]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ana María]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>45</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1692-25222024000200005&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1692-25222024000200005&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1692-25222024000200005&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen El humor se considera benéfico en general, según teorías, funciones y autores, pero, ¿qué hay de su uso concreto y particular en momentos de traumas o desastres, incluso como parte de la resiliencia? Los memes se presentan como algo divertido, pero, ¿cómo se emplean en tiempos de crisis y catástrofes concretas en la realidad, qué miradas expresan, y cómo inciden en la sociedad? Este texto, entre otras cosas, presenta las respuestas a estas preguntas. En primer lugar, a través de una breve revisión teórica y documental sobre el tema, teorías, estilos y funciones del humor en general y los memes en concreto. En segundo lugar, por medio de una selección de su uso durante la pandemia, en concreto sobre algunos momentos históricos, en particular el inicio y fin de la misma, su origen en China y su finalización con una de las variantes sudafricanas. En concreto, se presenta cómo fue en México recibida la pandemia desde los memes, el desfile de cepas, algo de confusión entre ellas, y cómo la última famosa también acabó pasando por el país. Como resultado es posible decir que el humor es benéfico incluso en tiempos adversos y que los memes estuvieron presentes en diferentes momentos de la pandemia con una nota humorística, y en ocasiones incluso esperanzada o por lo menos fresca.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Humor is generally considered beneficial according to theories, roles, and authors, but what about its specific and particular use in times of trauma or disasters, even as part of resilience? Memes are presented as something funny, but how are they actually used in times of crisis and disasters? What perspectives do they hold and express, and how do they impact society? This article provides answers to these questions. First, through a brief theoretical and documentary review on the topic, theories, styles, and functions of humor in general and memes specifically. Second, through a selection of their use during the pandemic, focusing on some historical moments, particularly the beginning and end of it, its origin in China, and its conclusion with one of the South African variants. Specifically, it presents how the pandemic was received in Mexico through memes, the parade of strains, some confusion among them, and how the last famous one also ended up passing through the country. As a result, it can be said that humor is beneficial even in adverse times and that memes were present at different moments of the pandemic with a humorous note, and sometimes even hopeful or at least refreshing.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo O humor é geralmente considerado benéfico de acordo com teorias, funções e autores, mas o que acontece e quanto ao seu uso particular em tempos de trauma ou desastres, até mesmo como parte da resiliência? Os memes são apresentados como algo engraçado, mas como eles são usados em tempos de crise e desastres na realidade? Que perspectivas eles sustentam e expressam, e como impactam a sociedade? Este texto, entre outras coisas, apresenta as respostas a essas perguntas: primeiro, por meio de uma breve revisão teórica e documental sobre o tema, as teorias, os estilos e as funções do humor em geral e dos memes especificamente; em segundo lugar, por meio de uma seleção de seu uso durante a pandemia, com foco em alguns momentos históricos, especialmente o início e o fim dela, sua origem na China e sua conclusão com uma das variantes sul-africanas. Especificamente, apresenta como a pandemia foi recebida no México por meio de memes, o desfile de cepas, alguma confusão entre elas e como a última famosa também acabou passando pelo país. Como resultado, pode-se dizer que o humor é benéfico mesmo em tempos adversos e que os memes estiveram presentes em diferentes momentos da pandemia com uma nota humorística e, às vezes, até esperançosa ou, pelo menos, refrescante.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[humor]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[meme]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[teoría]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[función]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[beneficio]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[pandemia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[México]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[humor]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[meme]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[theory]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[role]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[benefit]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[pandemic]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Mexico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[humor]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[meme]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[teoria]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[papel]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[benefício]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[pandemia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[México]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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