<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1692-7273</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Ciencias de la Salud]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Cienc. Salud]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1692-7273</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial Universidad del Rosario]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1692-72732018000200219</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.12804/revistas.urosario.edu.co/revsalud/a.6767</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[How Much Does it Cost to Train a Physician in Colombia?]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[¿Cuánto cuesta formar a un médico en Colombia?]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Quanto custa formar a um médico na Colômbia?]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gil-Rojas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Yaneth]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gil-Tamayo2]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sebastián]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mosos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan David]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fabián]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castañeda-Cardona]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Camilo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lasalvia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Pieralessandro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rosselli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Diego]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,NeuroEconomix  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Medicine]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Javeriana Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>219</fpage>
<lpage>236</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1692-72732018000200219&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1692-72732018000200219&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1692-72732018000200219&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Introduction: The aim of this project is to estimate the costs to society of training a doctor at either a public or a private university in Colombia.  Materials and methods: Direct and indirect costs were estimated in 2016 Colombian pesos (average exchange rate 3051 COP per US dollar), as was the return on investment, expressed as net present value, return on investment, and internal rate of return. The time required to recover the investment in studying medicine was also determined, and this was contrasted with the counterfactual of studying in another academic program. A discount rate of 12 % was used. A sensitivity analysis was performed with several alternative scenarios.  Results: In the baseline scenario, the total cost of training a physician in Colombia is US $80, 971.80 at a private university and US $54, 971.79 at a public university (of which $14, 436.57 is contributed by the State in the latter case). The time to return of investment is 3 years 6 months for study at a public university and 7 years 3 months for study at a public university. Applying discount rates of 5 %, 7.5 %, and 12 %, studying medicine presents a higher return than that obtained by studying in another academic program.  Conclusions: The cost of training a medical doctor in Colombia is 70 % higher than the cost of training other professionals, but returns are greater due to subsequent higher income. Net returns are higher for graduates of public universities because their initial investment is smaller and their incomes are similar.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción: este estudio busca estimar los costos de formar un médico en Colombia, tanto en una universidad pública como privada, desde la perspectiva de la sociedad.  Materiales y métodos: se calcularon los costos directos e indirectos en pesos colombianos de 2016 (tasa de cambio promedio 3051 COP por USD), así como el retorno a la inversión, expresado en valor actual neto, retorno sobre la inversión, y tasa interna de retorno y, el periodo de recuperación de la inversión de estudiar medicina frente al contrafactual de estudiar otra carrera. Se empleó una tasa de descuento de 12 %. Se realizó un análisis de sensibilidad con varios escenarios.  Resultados: en el escenario base, el costo total de la formación de un médico en Colombia es de $80971.80 USD en una universidad privada y de $54971.79 USD en una pública (de los cuales $14436.57 USD son aportados por el Estado). El tiempo de retorno de la inversión es de 3 años y 6 meses en una universidad pública y 7 años y 3 meses en una privada. Aplicando tasas de descuento de 5 %, 7,5 % y 12 %, estudiar medicina presenta mayor retorno que el obtenido con otra carrera.  Conclusiones: el costo de formación de un médico en Colombia es un 70 % mayor al requerido para la formación de otro profesional; sin embargo, los retornos son mayores debido los mayores ingresos percibidos. Los retornos son mayores en los egresados de universidades públicas, debido a que la inversión es menor y los ingresos percibidos son similares.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo  Introdução: o objetivo deste trabalho é estimar os custos de formar um médico na Colômbia, tanto em uma universidade pública quanto privada, desde a perspectiva da sociedade.  Materiais e métodos: calcularam-se os custos diretos e indiretos em pesos colombianos de 2016 (taxa de câmbio médio 3051 COP por USD) assim como o retorno ao investimento, expressado em valor atual neto, retorno sobre o investimento, e taxa interna de retorno e, o período de recuperação do investimento de estudar medicina frente ao contrafactual de estudar outra carreira. Empregou-se uma taxa de desconto de 12 %. Se realizou uma análise de sensibilidade com vários cenários.  Resultados: no cenário base, o custo total da formação de um médico na Colômbia é de $80971.80 USD em uma universidade privada e $54971.79 USD em uma pública (dos quais $14436.57 USD são aportados pelo Estado). O tempo de retorno do investimento é de 3 anos e 6 meses em uma universidade pública e 7 anos e 3 meses em uma privada. Aplicando taxas de desconto de 5 %, 7.5 % e 12 %, estudar medicina apresenta maior retorno que o obtido com outro curso.  Conclusões: o custo de formação de um médico na Colômbia é um 70 % maior ao requerido para a formação de outro profissional, no entanto, os retornos são maiores devido aos maiores ingressos percebidos. Os retornos são maiores nos formados de universidades públicas, devido a que o investimento é menor e os ingressos percebidos são similares.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[costs and cost analysis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[medical education]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[undergraduate]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[medical schools]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[investments]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[costos y análisis de costo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[educación de pregrado (licenciatura) en Medicina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[facultades de Medicina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[inversiones en salud]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[custos e análise de custo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[educação de graduação (licenciatura) em Medicina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[faculdades de Medicina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[investimentos em saúde]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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