<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1794-192X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Guillermo de Ockham]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Guillermo Ockham]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1794-192X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de San Buenaventura Cali]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1794-192X2023000100007</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21500/22563202.5433</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Polarización y creencias sociales en algunos militantes de dos partidos políticos ideológicamente antagónicos en el marco del posconflicto en Colombia]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Polarization and Social Beliefs in Some Militants of two Ideologically Antagonistic Political Parties in the Post-Conflict Framework in Colombia]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Villa Gómez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan David]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sarmiento Rojas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan Camilo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana Facultad de Psicología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Medellín ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana Maestría en Psicología Social ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Medellín ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>21</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>7</fpage>
<lpage>29</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1794-192X2023000100007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1794-192X2023000100007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1794-192X2023000100007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen La presente investigación explora lógicas de polarización política entre ocho militantes de dos partidos antagónicos: Centro Democrático (CD) y Colombia Humana (CH), significativos exponentes de derecha e izquierda en la política colombiana. Los objetivos se centran en comprender las creencias sociales del grupo político y el partido contrario respecto a determinados temas, sobre la agrupación adversaria y sus militantes, al igual que la orientación emocional en relación con el contrario. La mirada teórica se desarrolla desde el realismo crítico y la psicología social y política, en perspectiva emancipatoria, además, es guiada por los trabajos de Bar-Tal (2007, 2013, 2017), Blanco (2007), Martín-Baró (1990, 2003), Mouffe (2007), Tajfel (1984) y el marco de la macroinvestigación &#8220;Barreras psicosociales para la construcción de la paz y la reconciliación en Colombia&#8221;. A partir del método cualitativo con enfoque hermenéutico, se realizaron ocho entrevistas semiestructuradas a militantes de ambos partidos (cuatro de cada uno), haciendo un análisis de contenido a través de matrices intertextuales y una codificación teórica de primero y segundo nivel. De este modo, se comprende la forma como se tejen y desarrollan las creencias sociales sobre el adversario político, leído como enemigo, en un entramado de significación que lo interpreta de manera negativa, en términos morales y políticos, a partir de estereotipos, prejuicios y estigmas que obturan las posibilidades de diálogo y consenso, fortaleciendo perspectivas que invitan a su silenciamiento, dilución, cooptación, derrota y exclusión. Todo ello acentúa la polarización como expresión del trauma psicosocial dejado por décadas de conflicto armado en Colombia, convirtiéndose en barrera para la construcción de la paz y la reconciliación.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract This research explores logics of political polarization of eight militants from two antagonistic parties: Democratic Center (CD) and Colombia Humana (CH), which are significant exponents of right and left in Colombian politics. The objectives are focused on understanding social beliefs about their own political group, as well as the opposing party, regarding certain issues, about the opposing group and its militants, and the emotional orientation towards the opponent. The theoretical perspective was developed from critical realism and social and political psychology, with an emancipatory perspective, and was guided by the works of Bar-Tal (2007, 2013, 2017), Blanco (2007), Martín-Baró (1990, 2003), Mouffe (2007), Tajfel (1984) and the framework of the macro-investigation &#8220;Psychosocial barriers for the construction of peace and reconciliation in Colombia&#8221;. Using the qualitative method with a hermeneutical approach, 8 semi-structured interviews were conducted with militants from both parties (4 from each one), carrying out a content analysis through intertextual matrices and first and second level theoretical coding. It was possible to understand the way in which social beliefs about the political adversary, read as an enemy, are woven and developed in a network of meaning that interprets it in a negative way, in moral and political terms, based on stereotypes, prejudices and stigmas that obstruct the possibilities of dialogue and consensus, strengthening perspectives that invite their silencing, dilution, co-optation, defeat and exclusion. All this accentuates polarization as an expression of the psychosocial trauma left by decades of armed conflict in Colombia, becoming a barrier to the construction of peace and reconciliation.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[psicología política]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[polarización política]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[partidos políticos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[creencias sociales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[identidad social]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[orientación emocional colectiva]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[trauma psicosocial]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[barreras psicosociales para la paz]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[antagonismo político]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[political psychology]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[political polarization]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[political parties]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[social beliefs]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[social identity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[collective emotional orientations]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[psychosocial trauma]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[psychosocial barriers to peace]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[political antagonism]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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