<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1794-2470</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Nova]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Nova]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1794-2470</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Colegio Mayor de Cundinamarca]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1794-24702020000300035</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22490/24629448.4184</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Diagnóstico molecular de SARS-CoV-2]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Molecular diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pinilla B]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gladys]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cruz B]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Claudia Andrea]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Navarrete O]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jeannette]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Colegio Mayor de Cundinamarca Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud programa de Bacteriología y Laboratorio Clínico]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Colegio Mayor de Cundinamarca Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud programa de Bacteriología y Laboratorio Clínico]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Colegio Mayor de Cundinamarca Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Programa de Bacteriología y Laboratorio Clínico]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>18</volume>
<numero>spe35</numero>
<fpage>35</fpage>
<lpage>41</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1794-24702020000300035&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1794-24702020000300035&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1794-24702020000300035&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen El diagnóstico de COVID-19 se basa tanto en aspectos clínicos como en pruebas de detección, pero los síntomas y signos clínicos de los pacientes infectados son altamente atípicos y, por lo tanto, las pruebas moleculares son indispensables para su diagnóstico. La reacción en cadena de la polimerasa con transcriptasa inversa (RT-qPCR) se lleva a cabo en laboratorios nivel BSL II; asimismo, los principales blancos moleculares para la detección viral son el gen E (envoltura), y el gen RdRP (ARN polimerasa dependiente de ARN). Los falsos negativos en este diagnóstico se deben a la calidad y cantidad de la muestra, condiciones de transporte, almacenamiento, y manejo de estas antes y después de la extracción (el ARN es termolábil y abundantes las RNasas), fase de la infección, mutaciones del virus y presencia de inhibidores de la PCR. En estos casos, se recomienda una nueva toma de muestra, especialmente de vías respiratorias bajas, para aumentar la carga viral. Se debe tener en cuenta la sensibilidad analítica de la RT-qPCR (5,2 copias de ARN/reacción) y que, una vez el RNA se extrae, se va degradando progresivamente afectando la sensibilidad diagnóstica de la prueba. Un diagnóstico oportuno permite optimizar el manejo (aislamiento y tratamiento) y monitorización de los pacientes, así como la aplicación de medidas de prevención y control de la expansión, y la vigilancia epidemiológica de la enfermedad.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT COVID-19 diagnosis is based on both clinical aspects and screening tests. However, clinical symptoms and signs in infected patients are highly atypical; hence, molecular tests are essential for diagnosis. RT-qPCR is carried out at BSL II level laboratories; the main molecular targets for viral detection are E gene (envelope), and RdRP gene (RNA-dependent RNA polymerase). False negatives in this diagnosis are due to sample quality and quantity, transport conditions, storage and handling before and after extraction (RNA is heat-labile and RNases are abundant); infection phase; virus mutations and presence of CRP inhibitors. Taking into account analytical sensitivity of RT-qPCR (5.2 copies of RNA / reaction) and the fact that once RNA it is extracted, it progressively degrades and affects test diagnostic sensitivity, a new sample -specifically taken from the lower respiratory tract in order to increase viral load- is recommended in the abovementioned cases. Timely diagnosis allows optimizing management (isolation and treatment), patient monitoring, implementing prevention and control measures as well as epidemiological surveillance of the disease.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[diagnóstico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[RT qPCR]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[virus SARS]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[coronavirus]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[diagnosis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[RT qPCR]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[SARS virus]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[coronavirus]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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