<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1794-3108</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Criminalidad]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Crim.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1794-3108</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Policía Nacional de Colombia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1794-31082024000200093</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47741/17943108.607</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[¿Política exterior de los criminales?: analogías conceptuales para la comprensión de las relaciones entre la criminalidad china y mexicana]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Foreign policy of criminals?: conceptual analogies for understanding the relationships between Chinese and Mexican criminality]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Política externa dos criminosos? Analogias conceituais para entender a relação entre a criminalidade chinesa e a mexicana]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Niño]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[César]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guerrero Sierra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Hugo Fernando]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de La Salle  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bogotá, D. C ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Militar Nueva Granada  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cajicá ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>66</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>93</fpage>
<lpage>107</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1794-31082024000200093&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1794-31082024000200093&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1794-31082024000200093&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Esta investigación propone un análisis exploratorio sobre las dinámicas que envuelven las complejas relaciones de cooperación entre organizaciones criminales de alcance transnacional. Para este fin, se tomó como estudio de caso los vínculos entre tríadas chinas y carteles mexicanos alrededor de actividades como el contrabando de falsificaciones y especies silvestres, así como la cadena de producción y distribución de drogas ilícitas. Desde la analogía de la política exterior y capacidad de agencia de los Estados, se sugiere que las relaciones entre los grupos criminales son análogas a las interestatales. Este estudio busca promover reflexiones disruptivas que resultan útiles para la comprensión de fenómenos asociativos atípicos como los que caracterizan los circuitos criminales contemporáneos.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract This research proposes an exploratory analysis of the dynamics involved in the complex cooperative relationships between transnational criminal organisations. For this purpose, the links between Chinese triads and Mexican cartels regarding activities such as counterfeit and wildlife smuggling, as well as the production and distribution chain of illicit drugs, are taken as a case study. Based on the analogy of foreign policy and state agency, it is suggested that relations between criminal groups are analogous to inter-state relations. This study seeks to promote disruptive reflections that are useful for understanding atypical associative phenomena such as those that characterise contemporary criminal circuits.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo Esta pesquisa propõe uma análise exploratória das dinâmicas que envolvem as complexas relações de cooperação entre organizações criminosas transnacionais. Para tanto, tomam-se como estudo de caso os vínculos entre as tríades chinesas e os cartéis mexicanos em torno de atividades como o contrabando de produtos falsificados e de animais silvestres, bem como a cadeia de produção e distribuição de drogas ilícitas. A partir da analogia entre política externa e agência estatal, sugere-se que as relações entre grupos criminosos sejam análogas às relações entre Estados. Este estudo busca promover reflexões disruptivas que sejam úteis para a compreensão de fenômenos associativos atípicos, como os que caracterizam os circuitos criminosos contemporâneos.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[China]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[México]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[crimen organizado]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[política exterior de los criminales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[narcotráfico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[China]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Mexico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[organised crime]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[criminal foreign policy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[drug trafficking]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[China]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[México]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[crime organizado]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[política externa criminal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[tráfico de drogas]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alvarado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ibáñez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Mexican organized crime and the illegal trade in totoaba maw.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Trends in Organized Crime]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>526-46</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Allison]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Essence of decision: Explaining the Cuban missile crisis]]></source>
<year>1971</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Little Brown]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arrigo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Young]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Theories of crime and crimes of theorists]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Theory &amp; Psychology]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>219-52</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Asher]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[How to Fight the Mexican and Chinese Fentanyl Cartels Driving Biggest Money Laundering Scheme in History]]></source>
<year>20/0</year>
<month>8/</month>
<day>20</day>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Hudson Institute]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Atuesta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez-Dávila]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Fragmentation and cooperation: The evolution of organized crime in Mexico]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Trends in Organized Crime]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>235-61</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aureliani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Desapariciones forzadas en América Latina y México: evolución del fenómeno y rol del crimen organizado]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Foro Internacional]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[730-747]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Badillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mijares]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Politicised crime: Causes for the discursive politicisation of organised crime in Latin America]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Global Crime]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>312-35</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brecher]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Steinberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A framework for research on foreign policy behavior]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Conflict Resolution]]></source>
<year>1969</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>75-94</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brown]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hermann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Geopolitics and transnational crime]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Springer Link]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brown]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hermann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Geopolitics and transnational crime. En S. S. Brown y M. G. Hermann (eds.), Transnational crime and black spots: Rethinking sovereignty and the global economy]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<page-range>15-31</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Palgrave Macmillan UK]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bunker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bunker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Defining criminalstates]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Global Crime]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<numero>3-4</numero>
<issue>3-4</issue>
<page-range>365-78</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Canter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Youngs]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Crime and society]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Contemporary Social Science]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>283-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carretero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lezcano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[&#8220;Marbella, sede global del crimen organizado&#8221;]]></source>
<year>25/0</year>
<month>4/</month>
<day>20</day>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[El País]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Secret societies and organized crime in contemporary China]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Modern Asian Studies]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>39</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>77-107</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Chinese conception of the world order in a turbulent Trump era]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pacific Review]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<numero>3-4</numero>
<issue>3-4</issue>
<page-range>438-68</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.-L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Godson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Organized crime and the political-criminal nexus in China]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Trends in Organized Crime]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>4-44</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cornago]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Paradiplomacy and protodiplomacy]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The encyclopedia of diplomacy]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<page-range>1-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cottee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[&#8220;ISIS in the Caribbean Trinidad has the highest rate of Islamic State recruitment in the Western hemisphere. How did this happen?&#8221;]]></source>
<year>08/1</year>
<month>2/</month>
<day>20</day>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[The Atlantic]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cruz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Central American Maras: From youth street gangs to transnational protection rackets]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Global Crime]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>379-98</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cruz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Briceño-León, R. y Ávila, O. (2023). La gobernanza criminal y el Estado: entre rivalidad y complicidad. Oxímora]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Internacional de Ética y Política]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<page-range>202-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Curtis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Elan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hudson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kollars]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Transnational activities of Chinese crime organizations]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Trends in Organized Crime]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>19-57</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Miguel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[&#8220;Los cárteles mexicanos están tomando el control de la industria pesquera y maderera&#8221;]]></source>
<year>23/0</year>
<month>5/</month>
<day>20</day>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[El País]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>DEA (Administración de Control de Drogas)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Fentanyl flow to the United States]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Desmond]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The dynamics of criminal governance: Networks and social order in Rio de Janeiro]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Latin American Studies]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>38</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>293-325</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>El Universal</collab>
<source><![CDATA[&#8220;Cárteles mexicanos, con presencia en 50 países&#8221;]]></source>
<year>06/1</year>
<month>2/</month>
<day>20</day>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[El Universal]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>El Financiero</collab>
<source><![CDATA[¿Quién es Tse Chi Lop, el &#8216;Chapo&#8217; de Asia que dominaba un mercado de drogas de 70 mil mdd?]]></source>
<year>22/1</year>
<month>2/</month>
<day>20</day>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[El Financiero]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ellis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Chinese organized crime in Latin America]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Prism]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>65-77</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Embajada de China en Colombia</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Luchas Enérgicas Contra Los Delitos De Drogas, Conforme con la Ley China Advertencia Especial en Oportunidad del Día Internacional contra las Drogas]]></source>
<year>18/0</year>
<month>6/</month>
<day>20</day>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Gobierno de la República Popular de China]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Erazo-Patiño]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cujabante-Villamil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arenas-Piedrahíta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maldonado-Morales]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González-Chavarro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ibáñez-Cano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vargas-González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rondón-Narváez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramos-Hinestrosa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Naizaque-Borda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mora-Carreño]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez-Castillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Colombia: avances y desafíos frente a la delincuencia organizada transnacional]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sello Editorial ESMIC]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Felbab-Brown]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Extinction Market: Wildlife Trafficking and How to Counter]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Oxford University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Felbab-Brown]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[China and synthetic drugs control. Fentanyl, methamphetamines and precursors]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<month>a</month>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Felbab-Brown]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The foreign policies of the Sinaloa Cartel and CJNG - Part II: The Asia-Pacific]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<month>b</month>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Brookings]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Felbab-Brown]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The China connection in Mexico&#8217;s illegal economies]]></source>
<year>04/0</year>
<month>2/</month>
<day>20</day>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Brookings]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Felbab-Brown]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[China-linked Wildlife Poaching and Trafficking in Mexico]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<month>d</month>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Brookings]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferreira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Richmond]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Blockages to peace formation in Latin America: The role of criminal governance]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Intervention and Statebuilding]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>161-80</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Galeotti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Introduction: Global crime today]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Global Crime]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Nuevos controles en China podrían impactar la producción de fentanilo en México]]></source>
<year>29/1</year>
<month>1/</month>
<day>20</day>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Insight Crime]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garriga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Phillips]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Organized crime and foreign direct investment: Evidence from criminal groups in Mexico]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Conflict Resolution]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>0</volume>
<numero>0</numero>
<issue>0</issue>
<page-range>1-29</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Giraudy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moncada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Snyder]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Subnational research in comparative politics: Substantive, theoretical and methodological contributions. En Inside countries: Subnational research in comparative politics]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<page-range>1-106</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Cambridge University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Global Initiative</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Índice global de crimen organizado 2021]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Global Organized Crime Index</collab>
<source><![CDATA[China]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Global Organized Crime Index]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Greenwood]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fashola]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Illicit fentanyl from China: An evolving global operation]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[US-China Economic and Security]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hayes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Agency and structure in foreign policy analysis]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Politics]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B44">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Tepito, capitalismo a la brava. La tenue frontera entre la legalidad y la ilegalidad]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Alteridades]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>28</volume>
<numero>55</numero>
<issue>55</issue>
<page-range>99-111</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B45">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hill]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The changing politics of foreign policy]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Palgrave Macmillan]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B46">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hocking]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Catalytic diplomacy: Beyond &#8216;newness&#8217; and &#8216;decline&#8217;. En Jan Melissen (ed.), Innovation in diplomatic practice]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Studies in diplomacy]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<page-range>21-42</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Palgrave Macmillan]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B47">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Holsti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[National role conceptions in the study of foreign policy]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Studies Quarterly]]></source>
<year>1970</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>233-309</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B48">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hudson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Foreign policy analysis: Actor-specific theory and the ground of international relations]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Foreign Policy Analysis]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<page-range>1-30</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B49">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Infobae</collab>
<source><![CDATA[&#8220;Capturaron banda que creó empresas ficticias para lavar dinero para el Clan del Golfo&#8221;]]></source>
<year>02/1</year>
<month>2/</month>
<day>20</day>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Infobae]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B50">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>InSight Crime</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Paraguay]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[InSight Crime]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B51">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Interpol (Organización Internacional de Policía Criminal)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[How INTERPOL supports China to tackle international crime]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B52">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jamieson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Cooperation between organized crime groups around the world. Jahrbuch für Internationale Sicherheitspolitik]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<page-range>64-76</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B53">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Joel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mica]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Exclusive: Chinese- Mexican man at center of $205 million seizure could be extradited to Mexico in days - lawyer]]></source>
<year>23/0</year>
<month>2/</month>
<day>20</day>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Forbes]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B54">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jorgic]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Special Report: Burner phones and banking apps - Meet the Chinese «brokers» laundering Mexican drug money]]></source>
<year>03/1</year>
<month>2/</month>
<day>20</day>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Reuters]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B55">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Koopman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Alter-geopolitics: Other securities are happening]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Geoforum]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>42</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>274-84</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B56">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kuok]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[China&#8217;s legal diplomacy]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Survival]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>65</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>159-78</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B57">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kuznetsov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Theory and practice of paradiplomacy: Subnational governments in international affairs. En C. Bjola y M. Kornprobst (eds.), Routledge new diplomacy studies]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Taylor &amp; Francis Group]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B58">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leonard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Diplomacy by other means]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Foreign Policy]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<page-range>48-56</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B59">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lessing]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Conceptualizing criminal governance]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Perspectives on Politics]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>854-73</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B60">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lintner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Chinese organised crime]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Global Crime]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>84-96</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B61">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lintner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Le crime organisé en Asie. Du triangle d&#8217;or à l&#8217;extrême-orient russe]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pouvoirs: Revue d&#8217;Etudes Constitutionnelles et Politiques]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>132</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B62">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Logan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Rastreando la presencia internacional de la Federación de Sinaloa]]></source>
<year>01/0</year>
<month>5/</month>
<day>20</day>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Insight Crime]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B63">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Shanghai Green Gang: Politics and organized crime, 1919-1937]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The China Journal]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<page-range>211-4</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B64">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alonso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. I.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Mexican organized crime and the illegal trade in Totoaba maw]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Trends in Organized Crime]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>526-46</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B65">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McCarthy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[An economic history of organized crime: A national and transnational approach]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Routledge]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B66">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McDermott]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Los 10 principales grupos criminales de Latinoamérica]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Forbes]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B67">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mistler-Ferguson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Funeral Massacre Latest Example of Extreme Violence Causing Michoacán Exodus]]></source>
<year>03/0</year>
<month>3/</month>
<day>20</day>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Isight Crime]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B68">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Najar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Fentanilo: cómo operan los carteles de México y China para vender esta potente droga en Estados Unidos]]></source>
<year>04/0</year>
<month>2/</month>
<day>20</day>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[BBC]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B69">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Niño]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Phantom state in Haiti: Criminal sovereignty and the mercenary remedy]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Trends in Organized Crime]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B70">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Niño]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guerrero-Sierra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rivas-Otero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Soberanías compartidas, gobernanzas criminales y desafíos al modelo de Estado en Colombia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Cienti&#769;fica General Jose&#769; Mari&#769;a Co&#769;rdova]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<numero>44</numero>
<issue>44</issue>
<page-range>887-906</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B71">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Niño]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guerrero-Sierra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wilches]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Shared sovereignties and criminal governances in the context of the pandemic in Colombia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Trends in Organized Crime]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B72">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Niño]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Palma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Diplomacia terrorista del Estado Islámico en Trinidad y Tobago. Aproximación desde la geometría del terrorismo]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Científica General José María Córdova]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<numero>33</numero>
<issue>33</issue>
<page-range>75-90</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B73">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Niño]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Saldaña]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Álvarez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Migraciones y crimen pandémicos - nuevas líneas de investigación en seguridad internacional. En R. Noguera (ed.), Seguridad, migración y educación en tiempos de pandemia]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<page-range>85-105</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Fondo de Publicaciones Universidad Sergio Arboleda]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B74">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Parish Flannery]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[How is China involved in organized crime in Mexico?]]></source>
<year>23/0</year>
<month>2/</month>
<day>20</day>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Forbes]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B75">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Parish-Falnney]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Felbab-Brown]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Why Is Mexico&#8217;s Security Strategy Failing?]]></source>
<year>27/1</year>
<month>0/</month>
<day>20</day>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Forbes]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B76">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pereda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Décary-Hetu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Illegal market governance and organized crime groups&#8217; resilience: A study of the Sinaloa Cartel]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The British Journal of Criminology]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<volume>64</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>326-42</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B77">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ibarrola]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La transición hacia el fentanilo. Cambios y continuidades del mercado de drogas en México (2015-2022)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista de Ciencias Sociales]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>36</volume>
<numero>53</numero>
<issue>53</issue>
<page-range>15-36</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B78">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Purbrick]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Patriotic Chinese triads and secrets societies: From the imperial dynasties, to nationalism and comunism]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Asian Affairs]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>50</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>305-22</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B79">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Radwin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[El boyante tráfico de caballitos de mar de Latinoamérica hacia China]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Insight Crime]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B80">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramzy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[What are the triads, and what is their history of violence?&#8221;]]></source>
<year>24/0</year>
<month>6/</month>
<day>20</day>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[The New York Times]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B81">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rauta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Proxy agents, auxiliary forces, and sovereign defection: Assessing the outcomes of using non-state actors in civil conflicts]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Southeast European and Black Sea]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>91-111</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B82">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rees]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The theory of sovereignty restated]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mind]]></source>
<year>1950</year>
<volume>59</volume>
<numero>236</numero>
<issue>236</issue>
<page-range>495-521</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B83">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reyes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Corredor interoceánico del Istmo de Tehuantepec: nuevas oportunidades para el crimen transnacional organizado y luchas por el control del territorio]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad del Mar]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B84">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ribando]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sun]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Beittel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sullivan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Latin America and the Caribbean: Illicit drug trafficking and U.S. counterdrug programs]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B85">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rosenau]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Pre-theories and theories of foreign policy. En B. Farrel (ed.), Approaches to comparative and international politics]]></source>
<year>1966</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Northwestern University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B86">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rühlig]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[China&#8217;s international relations in the new era of Xi Jinping - implications for Europe. European Institute for Asian Studies]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B87">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schendel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abraham]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Illicit Flows and Criminal Things States, Borders, and the Other Side of Globalization]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Indiana University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B88">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Secretary of Defense</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Military and security developments involving the People&#8217;s Republic of China]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B89">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sharp]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Subaltern geopolitics: Introduction]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Geoforum Subaltern Geopolitics: Special Issue of Geoforum]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>42</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>271-3</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B90">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sinisterra-Ossa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valencia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Orden social y violencia en Buenaventura: entre el outsourcing criminal y la construcción de paz desde abajo]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista CS]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>32</volume>
<page-range>103-29</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B91">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Swanström]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wenngren]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Organized crime in foreign policy]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Politics]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B92">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tarlow]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Mexican-US border: Immigration, corruption, drugs, and illegal border crossings. En Challenges to US and Mexican police and Tourism stability]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<page-range>241-71</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Emerald Publishing Limited]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B93">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Teran-Mantovani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Scarpacci]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Economías criminales, extractivismo y acumulación entrelazada: un análisis multiescalar de los nuevos escenarios latinoamericanos. URVIO]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios de Seguridad]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<volume>38</volume>
<page-range>8-31</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B94">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Waltz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Theory of international politics]]></source>
<year>1979</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Waveland Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B95">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wendt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Constructing international politics]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Security]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<volume>20</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>71-81</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B96">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wilches]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ruiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guerrero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Estados en pandemia y narcopopulismos reinventados: consolidación del &#8220;narco&#8221; como orientador de sociedades ilegales, pero legítimas]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Análisis Político]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>100</volume>
<page-range>146-66</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B97">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Woody]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The theory of sovereignty: Dewey versus Austin]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ethics]]></source>
<year>1968</year>
<volume>78</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>313-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
