<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1794-3108</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Criminalidad]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Crim.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1794-3108</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Policía Nacional de Colombia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1794-31082025000200141</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47741/17943108.728</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Spaces of crime: homicides, drugs and spatial dependency in three Latin American cities. National crime statistics in Colombia, 2024 - National Police]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Espacios de crimen: homicidios, drogas y dependencia espacial en tres ciudades latinoamericanas. Estadísticas nacionales de criminalidad en Colombia, 2024 - Policía Nacional]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Espaços do crime: homicídios, drogas e dependência espacial em três cidades latino-americanas. Estatísticas nacionais de crimes na Colômbia, 2024 - Polícia Nacional]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cipagauta Díaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Miguel Antonio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jiménez García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Williams Gilberto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mandujano Montoya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Anayely]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gomes Sentone]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rafael]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan Pablo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marulanda Gómez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alexander]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Policía Nacional de Colombia  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Colombia  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Monterrey ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Academia Policial Militar do Guatupê &#8220;Coronel Antônio Mischalizyn&#8221;  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Curitiba ]]></addr-line>
<country>Brasil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Policía Nacional de Colombia  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af6">
<institution><![CDATA[,Policía Nacional de Colombia  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>67</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>141</fpage>
<lpage>266</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1794-31082025000200141&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1794-31082025000200141&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1794-31082025000200141&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract This article analyses the spatial relationship between homicides and drug seizures in three Latin American cities: Cali (Colombia), Curitiba (Brazil) and Monterrey (Mexico). Through a comparative approach and the use of spatial econometric models (SLM and SEM), differentiated patterns of concentration and spatial dependence are identified. The results show that seizures, as a proxy for the drug market, are positively associated with homicides, although the type of spatial dependence varies by city. In Curitiba, a territorial spillover effect is observed, while in Cali and Monterrey unobserved structural influences predominate. These findings confirm that homicidal violence is deeply territorialised and linked to local criminal dynamics. As a complementary input, a statistical annex is presented at the end of the article with a national overview of crime in Colombia for the year 2024, based on the records of the National Police, which allows us to contextualise the specificity of the homicide phenomenon in relation to the broader set of crimes recorded in the country.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Este artículo analiza la relación espacial entre homicidios e incautaciones de drogas en tres ciudades latinoamericanas: Cali (Colombia), Curitiba (Brasil) y Monterrey (México). Mediante un enfoque comparativo y el uso de modelos de econometría espacial (SLM y SEM), se identifican patrones diferenciados de concentración y dependencia espacial. Los resultados muestran que las incautaciones, como proxy del mercado de drogas, se asocian positivamente con los homicidios, aunque el tipo de dependencia espacial varía según la ciudad. En Curitiba, se observa un efecto de contagio territorial; mientras que en Cali y Monterrey predominan influencias estructurales no observadas. Estos hallazgos confirman que la violencia homicida está profundamente territorializada y vinculada a dinámicas delictivas locales. Como insumo complementario, se presenta al final del artículo un anexo estadístico con el panorama nacional de delitos en Colombia para el 2024, elaborado con base en los registros de la Policía Nacional, que permite contextualizar la especificidad del fenómeno homicida frente al conjunto más amplio de delitos registrados en el país.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo Este artigo analisa a relação espacial entre homicídios e apreensões de drogas em três cidades latino-americanas: Cali (Colômbia), Curitiba (Brasil) e Monterrey (México). Por meio de uma abordagem comparativa e do uso de modelos econométricos espaciais (SLM e SEM), são identificados padrões diferenciados de concentração e dependência espacial. Os resultados mostram que as apreensões, como indicador do mercado de drogas, estão positivamente associadas aos homicídios, embora o tipo de dependência espacial varie de acordo com a cidade. Em Curitiba, observa-se um efeito de transbordamento territorial, enquanto em Cali e Monterrey predominam influências estruturais não observadas. Esses resultados confirmam que a violência homicida é profundamente territorializada e está ligada à dinâmica criminal local. Como contribuição complementar, um anexo estatístico é apresentado no final do artigo com uma visão geral nacional do crime na Colômbia para o ano de 2024, com base nos registros da Polícia Nacional, o que nos permite contextualizar a especificidade do fenômeno do homicídio em relação ao conjunto mais amplo de crimes registrados no país.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Homicides]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[drug seizures]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[SLM]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[SEM]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[spatial econometrics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[systemic violence]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[criminality in Colombia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Homicidios]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[incautaciones de drogas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[SLM]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[SEM]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[econometría espacial]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[violencia sistémica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[criminalidad en Colombia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Homicídios]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[apreensões de drogas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[SLM]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[SEM]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[econometria espacial]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[violência sistêmica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[criminalidade na Colômbia]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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