<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1794-6190</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Earth Sciences Research Journal]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Earth Sci. Res. J.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1794-6190</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional de Colombia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1794-61902018000300205</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15446/esrj.v22n3.61135</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[A modified approach for Elastic Impedance Inversion due to the variation in the value of &#922;]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Enfoque modificado de la Inversión de Impedancia Elástica con variación del valor &#922;]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abbasi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Saiq Shakeel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jiangping]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hameed]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Nayima]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ehsan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Muhsan]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Geosciences  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Wuhan ]]></addr-line>
<country>China</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Halliburton Co  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Houston TX]]></addr-line>
<country>USA</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Bahria University Islamabad  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Pakistan</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>205</fpage>
<lpage>213</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1794-61902018000300205&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1794-61902018000300205&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1794-61902018000300205&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT Elastic impedance inversion is the latest development in the field of hydrocarbon exploration and production. The present research focuses on the improvement of the use of elastic impedance inversion, easing exploration of hydrocarbons. The seismic velocities change with variation in geological constraints. Constant &#922;, which is S-wave to P-wave ratio of the nth layer and n+1 layer across the interface, it must be changed accordingly. This research focuses on testing the effects of &#922; as a constant in the elastic impedance equation. As using the same value of &#922; for all types of formations can give rise to severe errors in the interpretation of data. The importance of the value of &#922; for particular Amplitude Variation with Offset AVO type (I-IV) is studied using different Elastic Impedance Equations. The Reflection Coefficient (RC) curves for each AVO class are generated using Zoeppritz approximation and Elastic Impedance equations. The comparison of RC curves shows significant variations at far offsets in each AVO type using the Constant value of &#922;. When &#922; Calculated is used, AVO type I and Type II shows a good match at near, mid and far offsets. Type III does not change due to the changing value of &#922;. Type IV gives good agreement at near and intermediate offsets. This variation in curves, with the change in the value of &#922;, indicates that it is a significant factor of interpretation using elastic impedance. The application of findings on well logs has given a satisfactory confirmation of the present results. This research can be helpful to resolve severe errors in the interpretation due to the constant value of &#922;.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN La Inversión de Impedancia Elástica es el último desarollo en los campos de la producción y exploración de hidrocarburos. La presente investigación se enfoca en el mejoramiento del uso de la inversión de impedancia elástica para facilitar la exploración de hidrocarburos. Las velocidades sísmicas cambian con la variación de las condiciones geológicas. La constante &#922;, que es el resultado de la velocidad de la onda S y la onda P en una capa n y en la capa n+1 a lo largo del punto de contacto, debe ser cambiada de acuerdo con estos condicionantes. Este trabajo busca medir los efectos de &#922; como una constante en la ecuación de impedancia elástica. Si se usa el mismo valor de &#922; para todos los tipos de formaciones se puede incurrir en errores severos al interpretar la información. Se analizó el valor de la constante &#922; en la Variación de la Amplitud con el Desplazamiento (AVO, del inglés Amplitude Variation with Offset) tipos I al IV a través de diferentes ecuaciones de impedancia elástica. Las curvass del Coeficiente de Reflexión para cada tipo AVO se generaron a traves la ecuaciones de Zoeppritz y impedancia elástica. La comparación de las curvas de reflexión muestran variaciones determinantes en los desplazamientos más lejanos en cada tipo AVO si se usa un valor constante de &#922;. Cuando se utiliza el valor modificado de &#922;, los tipos I y II de AVO muestran coincidencia en los desplamientos cercanos, medianos y lejanos. La AVO tipo III no cambia cuando se utiliza el valor &#922; constante o modificado. La AVO tipo IV concuerda en los desplazamientos cercanos e intermedios. Esta variación en curvas, con los cambios en el valor de &#922;, indican que esta constante es un factor significante en la interpretación a traves de la impedancia elástica. La aplicación de los hallazgos de este trabajo en registro de pozos han confirmado satisfactoriamente los resultados. Esta investigación puede ser de ayuda para resolver errores en la interpretación de información que tenga un valor de &#922; constante.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Zoeppritz]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Amplitude Variation with Offset (AVO) Classification]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Inversion]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Fatti EI and Connolly EI, Well-log]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[K value]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Zoeppritz]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Variación de la Amplitud con el Desplazamiento]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Inversión]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ecuaciones de Fatti y Connolly]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[registro de pozos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[valor K]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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