<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1794-6190</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Earth Sciences Research Journal]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Earth Sci. Res. J.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1794-6190</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional de Colombia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1794-61902021000200139</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15446/esrj.v25n2.90210</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Mineralogy and fluid inclusions of the Cunas emerald mine, Maripí - Boyacá, Colombia]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Mineralogía e inclusiones fluidas de la mina de esmeraldas "Cunas", Maripí, Boyacá, Colombia]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Romero Ordóñez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fernando Helí]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González-Durán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Andrés Felipe]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Toloza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Javier]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rotlewicz Cohen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jimmy]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cedeño Ochoa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos Julio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alvarado González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Holman Rolando]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Angarita Sarmiento]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luis Gabriel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Colombia Departamento de Geociencias ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Technological Development Center for the Colombian Emeralds CDTEC  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Gemtec S.A.S  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>25</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>139</fpage>
<lpage>156</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1794-61902021000200139&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1794-61902021000200139&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1794-61902021000200139&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT The Cunas mine is currently one of the major producers of fine emeralds in Colombia; its emeralds typically display a magnificent green hue, which is highly appreciated globally. The mineralization is found in vanadium-rich black shales of the Muzo formation. Emeralds occur in pockets within hydrothermal veins and breccias, mainly consisting of calcite, dolomite, albite, quartz, minor pyrite, parisite-(Ce), and fluorite. Hydrothermal alteration is pervasive and dominated by albitization and carbonatization. Emerald-hosted fluid inclusions are highly abundant and remarkably large and complex. Poly-phase inclusions are ubiquitous, occur both in emeralds and gangue minerals, and consist of two daughter crystals (typically halite and calcite or siderite; exceptionally parisite-(Ce)), a liquid brine, a CO2-N2-CH4-rich gas bubble, and occasionally minor liquid CO2. Vapor-rich inclusions were observed in quartz, and two-phase inclusions were identified in calcite and dolomite, thus suggesting a complex fluid evolution. Microthermometry analysis indicates that emerald-forming fluids were trapped at relatively low temperature ~260-340°C and pressure ~850-2400 bar, with relatively high density 1.03 g/cm3, and elevated salinity ~39 wt% NaCl eq.; other aqueous components detected include CaCl2, KCl, and FeCl2. Based on these data, authors propose the emerald mineralization at the Cunas mine was originated by the mixing of two hydrothermal fluids of different sources; one fluid with high salinity derived from evaporite dissolution, responsible for the albitization of the host rocks; the second is a calcium-rich fluid evolved from connate waters, which was equilibrated by the interaction with calcareous and organic-rich wall rocks. As a result, emerald mineralization took place at structurally favorable sites proper for fluid mixing. The described geological and physicochemical features for the Cunas mine agree with epigenetic sediment-hosted mineralization -Colombian-type- formed by the circulation and mixing of relatively low-temperature non-magmatic fluids.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN La mina Cunas es actualmente una de las principales productoras de esmeraldas de alta calidad en Colombia. Sus gemas se caracterizan por un intenso tono verde muy apreciado en el mercado mundial. La mineralización se encuentra en lodolitas negras, ricas en vanadio, de la formación Muzo. Las esmeraldas se encuentran al interior de venas hidrotermales y brechas, compuestas principalmente por calcita, dolomita, albita, cuarzo y, en menor medida, pirita, parisita- (Ce) y fluorita. La alteración hidrotermal asociada es pervasiva y está dominada por la albitización y la carbonatización. Las inclusiones fluidas alojadas en esmeraldas son muy abundantes, de gran tamaño y alta complejidad. Las inclusiones fluidas polifásicas son ubicuas, ocurren tanto en esmeraldas como en minerales de ganga, y generalmente están compuestas por dos cristales hijos (típicamente halita y calcita o siderita; excepcionalmente parisita- (Ce)), una salmuera, un gas rico en CO2-N2-CH4, y ocasionalmente CO2 líquido. También se observaron inclusiones ricas en vapor en cuarzo y se identificaron inclusiones bifásicas en calcita y dolomita, lo que sugiere una evolución de fluido compleja. El análisis de microtermometría indica que los fluidos formadores de esmeraldas quedaron atrapados a una temperatura relativamente baja = 260-340 ° C y una presión = 875-2400 bar, con una densidad relativamente alta -1,03 g / cm3- y una salinidad elevada de 39% NaCl eq. peso; otros componentes acuosos detectados fueron CaCl2, KCl y FeCl2. Con base en estos datos, los autores proponen que la mineralización de esmeraldas en la mina Cunas se originó por la mezcla de dos fluidos hidrotermales de diferentes fuentes. Un fluido con alta salinidad derivado de la disolución de evaporitas, el cual es responsable de la albitización de las rocas hospedantes. El segundo es un fluido rico en calcio derivado de aguas connadas, que fue equilibrado por la interacción con rocas calcáreas y carbonosas. Como resultado, la mineralización de esmeraldas ocurrió en sitios estructuralmente favorables donde se promovió la mezcla de fluidos. Las características geológicas y fisicoquímicas descritas para la mina Cunas, están de acuerdo con una mineralización epigenética alojada en sedimentos "tipo colombiano" formada por la circulación y mezcla de fluidos no magmáticos de temperatura relativamente baja.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Emeralds]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Sediment-hosted]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Colombian-type]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Gemstones]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[esmeraldas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[tipo Colombia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[hospedado en sedimentos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[gemas]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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