<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1794-6190</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Earth Sciences Research Journal]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Earth Sci. Res. J.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1794-6190</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional de Colombia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1794-61902022000300239</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15446/esrj.v26n3.96209</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Geological education scenario in India and role of open educational resources in the light of COVID-19 pandemic]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[El escenario de la educación geológica en India y el rol de los recursos pedagógicos abiertos a las luces de la pandemia del covid-19]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Verma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Omkar]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Prashanth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Manthena]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Greco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Roberto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Khosla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ashu]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Singh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Kulwant]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Gandhi National Open University  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[New Delhi ]]></addr-line>
<country>India</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Estadual de Campinas  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Panjab University Department of Geology ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Chandigarh ]]></addr-line>
<country>India</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,GGM Science College Department of Geology ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Jammu Tawi ]]></addr-line>
<country>India</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>239</fpage>
<lpage>254</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1794-61902022000300239&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1794-61902022000300239&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1794-61902022000300239&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT Geological education plays a major role in the social, economic, and cultural growth and development of any country. India is a vast diversified country with wide-ranging geological features, consisting of rocks of all geological ages with well-developed physiographic divisions. The Indian lithospheric plate is a storehouse of vast georesources and also serves as a natural field laboratory for developing and testing numerous geological principles. The exploration of Indian georesources began in the past; with the organized exploration began way back in the 1830s. The number of institutions offering geological education is, however, comparatively low. Thus, Geology as a science discipline is less popular in comparison with other science subjects such as Physics, Chemistry, Zoology, Botany, and Environmental science, based on enrolment data of the learners enrolled in academic sessions from 2011-2012 to 2018-2019 of the Master's degree programs. Analysis indicates that teaching-learning resources of foreign origin are dominantly being adopted as learning resources in the teaching-learning pedagogy of degree programs in Geology, and are over-riding those of Indian origin. The COVID-19 pandemic is affecting geological education in two ways namely, the disruption of conventional (face-to-face) teaching together with not allowing learners of Geology programs to complete their compulsory out-door geological fieldwork assignments. The analysis of data gathered by an online questionnaire survey shows that the use of indigenous open educational resources in Geology appears as a plausible solution to overcome the learning barriers created by the COVID-19 pandemic, and also to enrich teaching-learning resources of Indian origin. This article provides an up-to-date detailed account of the necessity and evolution of geological education, the current popularity of Geology as a science discipline, the nature of available geological teaching-learning resources, the impact of the COVID-19 on geological education, and the role of open educational resources in providing quality and equitable geological education, whilst removing educational barriers created by COVID-19 in India.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN La educación geológica juega un papel importante en el desarrollo y en el crecimiento social, económico y cultural de cualquier país. La India es un país vasto y diverso y con un amplio rango de características geológicas que consiste en rocas de todas las edades geológicas y divisiones fisiográficas bien desarrolladas. La placa litosférica india es un depósito de grandes georecursos y también sirve como un laboratorio de campo para el desarrollo y evaluación de numerosos principios geológicos. La exploración organizada de los georrecursos indios comenzó en la década de 1830. El número de instituciones que ofrecen educación geológica es, sin embargo, comparativamente bajo. De este modo, la geología es una ciencia disciplinar menos popular en comparación con otras materias de estudio como la física, la química, la zoología, la botánica y la ciencia ambiental, con base en la información de inscripciones de los estudiantes en los programas de maestría para los períodos de 2011-2012 hasta 2018-2019. El análisis indica que los recursos foráneos de enseñanza-aprendizaje son adoptados dominantemente como los recursos de aprendizaje en la pedagogía de los programas de pregrado en Geología y superan aquellas de origen indio. La pandemia del covid-19 está afectando la educación geológica en dos vías especificamente: la disrupción de la enseñanza convencional (presencial) junto con no permitir a los estudiantes de los programas de geología completar sus tareas obligatorias de trabajo de campo. El análisis de la información recopilada por una encuesta digital muestra que el uso de recursos educativos nativos abiertos en geología es una solución posible para superar las barreras de aprendizaje creadas por la pandemia, y también enriquecen los recursos de enseñanza-aprendizaje de origen indio. Este artículo provee un recuento detallado y actualizado de la necesidad y evolución de la educación geológica, la actual popularidad de la geología como una ciencia disciplinar, la naturaleza de los recursos disponibles de enseñanza-aprendizaje, el impacto de la pandemia del covid-19 en la educación geológica, y el rol de los recursos pedagógicos para proveer educación geológica equitativa y de calidad mientras se remueven las barreras educativas creadas por la pandemia en India.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Geological education]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Enrolment data]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Higher education]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[OER]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[COVID-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Geological fieldwork]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[India]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Educación geológica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[datos de inscripciones]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[educación superior]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[recursos educativos abiertos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[covid-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[trabajo de campo geológico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[India]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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