<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1794-9165</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Ingeniería y Ciencia]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[ing.cienc.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1794-9165</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Escuela de Ciencias y Humanidades y Escuela de Ingeniería de la Universidad EAFIT]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1794-91652017000100153</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17230/ingciencia.13.25.6</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Improvement of Proton-Exchange Membranes Based on (1 &#8722; x )(H 3 PO 2 /PVA)- x TiO 2]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Mejoras en membranas de intercambio protónico (1 &#8722; x )(H 3 PO 2 /PVA)- x TiO 2]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Murillo-Y.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vargas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peña-Lara]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Diosa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad del Valle  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Icesi  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cali ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad del Valle  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad del Valle  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad del Valle  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>25</numero>
<fpage>153</fpage>
<lpage>166</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1794-91652017000100153&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1794-91652017000100153&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1794-91652017000100153&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Using impedance spectroscopy (IS), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and infrared spectroscopy (IR) techniques to study the polymer electrolyte membranes based on poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and hypophosphorous acid (H3PO2) with different titanium oxide nanoparticles (TiO2) concentrations. The polymer systems (1-x)(H3PO2/ PVA) + xTiO2 were prepared using the sol-casting method and different weight percent of TiO2, x &#8804; 10.0%. The DSC results show that the glass transition for molar fraction P/OH = 0.3 appears around 75 ºC and for the samples doped with TiO2 around 35 ºC; the melting point for all membranes appear around 175 ºC. The FTIR spectra show changes in the profiles of the absorption bands with the addition of H3PO2 and the different concentrations of TiO2. The IS results show dielectric and conductivity relaxations as well as a change in DC ionic conductivity with the TiO2 content. The order of the ionic conductivity is about 10 &#8722; 2 S/cm for 5.0% of TiO2. The TGA in the heating run shows water loss that is in agreement with DC conductivity measurements.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Usando las técnicas de espectroscopia de impedancia (IS), calorimetría de barrido diferencial (DSC), análisis termogravimetrico (TGA) y espectros copia infrarroja (FTIR) se estudió el sistema polimérico (1 x)(H3PO2/ PVA) + xTiO2 el cual fue preparado usando el método de sol-casting a diferentes porcentaje de peso de nanopartículas de TiO2, x &#8804; 10.0%. Los resultados de DSC muestran que la transición vítrea para la fracción molar de P/OH = 0.3 emerge alrededor de 75 ºC y para las muestras dopadas con TiO2 alrededor de 35 ºC; el punto de fusión para todas las membranas aparece alrededor de los 175 ºC. Los espectros de FTIR muestran cambios en los perfiles de las bandas de absorción con la adicción del H3PO2 y las diferentes concentraciones de TiO2. Los resultados de IS muestran relajaciones dieléctricas y de conductividad al igual que un cambio en la conductividad iónica DC con el contenido de TiO2. La conductividad iónica es del orden de 10 &#8722; 2 S/cm para 5.0% de TiO2. Los TGA en los barridos de calentamiento muestran pérdida de agua lo cual está de acuerdo con las medidas de conductividad DC.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Composite polymer membranes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[PVA]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Hypophosphorous acid]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Proton conduction, DC conductivity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Membranes poliméricas compositos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[PVA]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[conducción protónica]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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