<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1900-6586</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Científica General José María Córdova]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Cient. Gen. José María Córdova]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1900-6586</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Escuela Militar de Cadetes "General José María Córdova"]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1900-65862023000300601</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21830/19006586.1170</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Gobernanza en el Sahel por actores armados no estatales: un modelo teórico y aplicado]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Governance in the Sahel by armed non-state actors: a theoretical and applied model]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Anguita Olmedo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Concepción]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Complutense de Madrid  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>21</volume>
<numero>43</numero>
<fpage>601</fpage>
<lpage>628</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1900-65862023000300601&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1900-65862023000300601&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1900-65862023000300601&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN. En la región africana del Sahel, la combinación de diversos factores socioeconómicos y políticos, junto con la violencia de actores armados no estatales y estatales está provocando una grave crisis humanitaria. Este artículo analiza la gobernanza en la región, donde hay una competencia por controlar el territorio y economías ilícitas entre diversos actores armados y el Estado. Se analizan las condiciones socioeconómicas del Sahel, la inestabilidad política y los grupos armados de la región. Luego se aplica un modelo de análisis de la gobernanza basado en dos enfoques. Se demuestra que hay una gobernanza híbrida en el Sahel, con Estados débiles o corruptos que no logran combatir a estos grupos en ciertas áreas y que delegan su gobierno en las autoridades locales, lo que promueve una gobernanza criminal, legitimada por miedo o conveniencia de la población.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT. In the Sahel region of Africa, the combination of various socioeconomic and political factors, together with violence by non-state and state armed actors, is causing a severe humanitarian crisis. This article analyzes governance in the region, where there is competition to control territory and illicit economies between various armed actors and the State. The socioeconomic conditions of the Sahel, political instability and armed groups in the region are analyzed. A governance analysis model based on two approaches is then applied. It is shown that there is hybrid governance in the Sahel, with weak or corrupt States failing to combat these groups in certain areas and delegating their government to local authorities, which promotes criminal governance legitimized by fear or convenience of the population.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[crimen organizado]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[gobernanza]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[orden criminal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Sahel]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[terrorismo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[criminal order]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[governance]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[organized crime]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Sahel]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[terrorism]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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